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On the Margulis constant for Kleinian groups, I curvature
The Margulis constant for Kleinian groups is the smallest constant such
that for each discrete group and each point in the upper half space
, the group generated by the elements in which move less
than distance c is elementary. We take a first step towards determining this
constant by proving that if is nonelementary and discrete
with parabolic or elliptic of order , then every point in
is moved at least distance by or where
. This bound is sharp
Can one ever prove that neutrinos are Dirac particles?
According to the "Black Box" theorem the experimental confirmation of
neutrinoless double beta decay () would imply that at least one
of the neutrinos is a Majorana particle. However, a null signal
cannot decide the nature of neutrinos, as it can be suppressed even for
Majorana neutrinos. In this letter we argue that if the null
decay signal is accompanied by a quadruple beta decay signal,
then at least one neutrino should be a Dirac particle. This argument holds
irrespective of the underlying processes leading to such decays.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Baseline monitoring using aircraft laser ranging
The use of aircraft laser ranging for the determination of baselines between ground based retroreflectors was investigated via simulations and with tests at Wallops Flight Center using the Airborne Oceanographic Lidar (AOL) on the Wallops C-54 aircraft ranging to a reflector array deployed around one of the Wallops runways. The aircraft altitude and reflector spacing were chosen on the basis of scaled down modeling of spacecraft tracking from 1000 km of reflectors separated by some 52 km, or of high altitude (10 km) aircraft tracking of reflectors separated by some 500 m. Aircraft altitudes flown for different passes across the runway reflector array varied from 800 m to 1350 m, with 32 reflectors deployed over an approximtely 300 m x 500 m ground pattern. The AOL transmitted 400 pulses/sec with a scan rate of 5/sec in a near circular pattern, so that the majority of the pulses were reflected by the runway surface or its environs rather than by retroreflectors. The return pulse characteristics clearly showed the high reflectivity of portions of the runway, with several returns indistinguishable in amplitude from reflector returns. For each pass across the reflector field, typically six to ten reflector hits were identified, consistent with that predicted by simulations and the observed transmitted elliptical pulse size
Current dependence of grain boundary magnetoresistance in La_0.67Ca_0.33MnO_3 films
We prepared epitaxial ferromagnetic manganite films on bicrystal substrates
by pulsed laser ablation. Their low- and high-field magnetoresistance (MR) was
measured as a function of magnetic field, temperature and current. At low
temperatures hysteretic changes in resistivity up to 70% due to switching of
magnetic domains at the coercitive field are observed. The strongly non-ohmic
behavior of the current-voltage leads to a complete suppression of the MR
effect at high bias currents with the identical current dependence at low and
high magnetic fields. We discuss the data in view of tunneling and mesoscale
magnetic transport models and propose an explicit dependence of the spin
polarization on the applied current in the grain boundary region.Comment: 5 pages, to appear in J. Appl. Phy
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