5,084 research outputs found
Polarized Deeply Inelastic Scattering (DIS) Structure Functions for Nucleons and Nuclei
We extract parton distribution functions (PDFs) and structure functions from
recent experimental data of polarized lepton-DIS on nucleons at next-to-leading
order (NLO) Quantum Chromodynamics. We apply the Jacobi polynomial method to
the DGLAP evolution as this is numerically efficient. Having determined the
polarized proton and neutron spin structure, we extend this analysis to
describe 3He and 3H polarized structure functions, as well as various sum
rules. We compare our results with other analyses from the literature.Comment: LaTeX, 12 pages, 11 figures, 6 tables. Update to match published
versio
Polarized Deeply Inelastic Scattering (DIS) Structure Functions for Nucleons and Nuclei
We extract parton distribution functions (PDFs) and structure functions from
recent experimental data of polarized lepton-DIS on nucleons at next-to-leading
order (NLO) Quantum Chromodynamics. We apply the Jacobi polynomial method to
the DGLAP evolution as this is numerically efficient. Having determined the
polarized proton and neutron spin structure, we extend this analysis to
describe 3He and 3H polarized structure functions, as well as various sum
rules. We compare our results with other analyses from the literature.Comment: LaTeX, 12 pages, 11 figures, 6 tables. Update to match published
versio
Epitope Mapping of Tetanus Toxin by Monoclonal Antibodies: Implication for Immunotherapy and Vaccine Design
Tetanus as a life-threatening disease is characterized by muscle spasm. The disease is caused by the neurotoxin of Clostridium tetani. Active form of tetanus neurotoxin is composed of the light chain (fragment A) and the heavy chain. Fragment A is a zinc metalloprotease, which cleaves the neuronal soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive attachment receptor (SNARE) protein, leading to the blockade of inhibitory neurotransmitter release and subsequent generalized muscular spasm. Two functional domains of the heavy chain are fragment C, which is required for neuronal cell binding of the toxin and subsequent endocytosis into the vesicles, and fragment B, which is important for fragment A translocation across the vesicular membrane into the neuronal cytosol. Currently, polyclonal immunoglobulins against tetanus neurotoxin obtained from human plasma of hyper-immunized donors are utilized for passive immunotherapy of tetanus; however, these preparations have many disadvantages including high lot-to-lot heterogeneity, possibility of transmitting microbial agents, and the adverse reactions to the other proteins in the plasma. Neutralizing anti-tetanus neurotoxin monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) lack these drawbacks and could be considered as a suitable alternative for passive immunotherapy of tetanus. In this review, we provide an overview of the literature discussing epitope mapping of the published neutralizing MAbs against tetanus toxin. © 2019, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature
Symmetry breaking effect on determination of polarized and unpolarized parton distributions
We perform a new extraction for unpolarized and polarized parton distribution
functions considering a flavor decompositions for sea quarks and applying very
recent deep inelastic scattering (DIS) and semi inclusive deep inelastic
scattering (SIDIS) data in the fixed flavor number scheme (FFNS) framework. In
the new symmetry breaking scenario the light quark and antiquark densities are
extracted separately and new parametrization forms are determined for them. The
heavy flavors contribution, including charm and bottom quarks, are also taken
to be account for unpolarized distributions.Comment: Talk presented at 16th International QCD Conference (QCD12),
Montpellier, France, July 2- 7, 2012. Submitted to Nuc. Phys. (Proc. Suppl.),
4 pages, 4 figure
Next-to-Leading order approximation of polarized valon and parton distributions
Polarized parton distributions and structure functions of the nucleon are
analyzed in the improved valon model. The valon representation provides a model
to represent hadrons in terms of quarks, providing a unified description of
bound state and scattering properties of hadrons. Polarized valon distributions
are seen to play an important role in describing the spin dependence of parton
distributions in the leading order (LO) and next-to-leading order (NLO)
approximations. In the polarized case, a convolution integral is derived in the
framework of the valon model. The Polarized valon distribution in a proton and
the polarized parton distributions inside the valon are necessary to obtain the
polarized parton distributions in a proton. Bernstein polynomial averages are
used to extract the unknown parameters of the polarized valon distributions by
fitting to the available experimental data. The predictions for the NLO
calculations of the polarized parton distributions and proton structure
functions are compared with the LO approximation. It is shown that the results
of the calculations for the proton structure function, , and its first
moment, , are in good agreement with the experimental data for a
range of values of . Finally the spin contribution of the valons to the
proton is calculated.Comment: 22 pages, 7 figures. Published in Journal of High Energy Physics
(JHEP
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