On the Consistent Effect Histories Approach to Quantum Mechanics

A formulation of the consistent histories approach to quantum mechanics in terms of generalized observables (POV measures) and effect operators is provided. The usual notion of `history' is generalized to the notion of `effect history'. The space of effect histories carries the structure of a D-poset. Recent results of J.D. Maitland Wright imply that every decoherence functional defined for ordinary histories can be uniquely extended to a bi-additive decoherence functional on the space of effect histories. Omnes' logical interpretation is generalized to the present context. The result of this work considerably generalizes and simplifies the earlier formulation of the consistent effect histories approach to quantum mechanics communicated in a previous work of this author.Comment: LaTeX 2.09 version replaced by LaTeX2e version, minor change

Away-side azimuthal distribution in a Markovian parton scattering model

An event generator is constructed on the basis of a model of multiple scattering of partons so that the trajectory of a parton traversing a dense and expanding medium can be tracked. The parameters in the code are adjusted to fit the \Delta\phi azimuthal distribution on the far side when the trigger momentum is in the non-perturbative region, p_T(trigger)<4 GeV/c. The dip-bump structure for 1<p_T(assoc)<2.5 GeV/c is reproduced by averaging over the exit tracks of deflected jets. An essential characteristic of the model, called Markovian Parton Scattering (MPS) model, is that the scattering angle is randomly selected in the forward cone at every step of a trajectory that is divided into many discrete steps in a semi-classical approximation of the non-perturbative scattering process. Energy loss to the medium is converted to thermal partons which hadronize by recombination to give rise to the pedestal under the bumps. When extended to high trigger momentum with \pt(trigger) >8 GeV/c, the model reproduces the single-peak structure observed by STAR without invoking any new dynamical mechanism.Comment: 20 pages + 3 figure

Nurses\u27 Alumnae Association Bulletin, April 1955

Alumnae Notes Annual Giving Committee Reports Digest of Alumnae Meetings Graduation Awards - 1954 Legal Aspects of Nursing Marriages Necrology New Arrivals Physical Advances at Jefferson President\u27s Message School of Nursing Report The Challenge of Neurosurgical Nursin

Quantum lost property: a possible operational meaning for the Hilbert-Schmidt product

Minimum error state discrimination between two mixed states \rho and \sigma can be aided by the receipt of "classical side information" specifying which states from some convex decompositions of \rho and \sigma apply in each run. We quantify this phenomena by the average trace distance, and give lower and upper bounds on this quantity as functions of \rho and \sigma. The lower bound is simply the trace distance between \rho and \sigma, trivially seen to be tight. The upper bound is \sqrt{1 - tr(\rho\sigma)}, and we conjecture that this is also tight. We reformulate this conjecture in terms of the existence of a pair of "unbiased decompositions", which may be of independent interest, and prove it for a few special cases. Finally, we point towards a link with a notion of non-classicality known as preparation contextuality.Comment: 3 pages, 1 figure. v2: Less typos in text and less punctuation in titl

Domestic Relations—Separation Agreements

Nichols v. Nichols, 306 N.Y. 490, 119 N.E. 2d 351 (1953); Rehill v. Rehill, 306 N.Y. 126, 116 N.E. 2d 281 (1953)

Insurance—Variance Between Option and the Settlement Agreement Will Not Defeat A Supplementary Contract

Hall v. Mutual Life Ins. Co. of New York, 282 App. Div. 203, 122 N. Y. S. 2d 239 (1st Dep\u27t 1953)

The Importance of Music Festivals: An Unanticipated and Underappreciated Path to Identity Formation

The purpose of this study is to understand and explain the growing popularity of music and art festivals around the world. Music festivals are events consisting of a variety of bands and musical artists performing shows, on numerous stages, over a period of days to a large audience in outside and inside venues. Through field research, participant-observation, personal interviews, and survey research at the 2015 Bonnaroo Music and Arts Festival, this study suggests that they are much more than simple entertainment venues. Because humans desire to belong and music functions in the capacity as a global language, music festivals are not just mega events. Rather, they are best understood as vehicles for forming communities and nations that have the capacity for creating those ingredients that are a critical part of identity formation

Income Tax—Entertainment Expense Attributable to Taxpayer Deductible Only If in Excess of Amount One Ordinarily Spends

Sutter v. Commissioner, 21 T. C. No. 20 (1953)

Municipal Corporations—Status of School Teacher

Daniman v. Board of Education of City of New York, 306 N.Y. 532. 119 N.E. 2d 373 (1954)

Men in the Service of God

In the Epistle to the Hebrews Jesus Christ is declared to be the same yesterday, today, and forever. Unlike our Master and Chief Shepherd, we, His underlings, are subject to time as we progress toward the world to come. The usual division of time into past, present, and future unites us all in common experience. There is a longer or shorter past for all age groups here represented, the same present to challenge us all, and a bright future for each one, whether he face dawn, noon, or dusk in life\u27s little day. When we say time affects us all, we have in mind another division of human time, namely, youth, middle age, and old age. In His vineyard, the church, God employs men of all three age brackets. There is a place, a service station, if you please, for you and me in the kingdom of Christ regardless of relative youth or seniority. We who meet for this conference represent a cross-sectional group, including men in youth, in life\u27s prime, and in ripe maturity. Though, with respect to age, as in the instance of St. Paul and Timothy, some of us could be fathers and sons to one another, we are in spirit brothers all. Therefore we have a message for all as we give the honor of Holy Scripture to God\u27s ministers in the three age categories