77 research outputs found
Genetic variability and differentiation in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus L) of Central Europe
International audienc
Genetic variability and differentiation in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus L) of Central Europe
Proton-Ion Medical Machine Study (PIMMS), 2
The Proton-Ion Medical Machine Study (PIMMS) group was formed following an agreement between the Med-AUSTRON (Austria) and the TERA Foundation (Italy) to combine their efforts in the design of a cancer therapy synchrotron capable of accelerating either light ions or protons. CERN agreed to support and host this study in its PS Division. A close collaboration was also set up with GSI (Germany). The study group was later joined by Onkologie-2000 (Czech Republic). Effort was first focused on the theoretical understanding of slow extraction and the techniques required to produce a smooth beam spill for the conformal treatment of complex-shaped tumours with a sub-millimetre accuracy by active scanning with proton and carbon ion beams. Considerations for passive beam spreading were also included for protons. The study has been written in two parts. The more general and theoretical aspects are recorded in Part I and the specific technical design considerations are presented in the present volume, Part II. An accompanying CD-ROM contains supporting publications made by the team and data files for calculations. The PIMMS team started its work in January 1996 in the PS Division and continued for a period of four years
Boom and bust of a moose population â a call for integrated forest management
This is the postprint version of the article. The published article can be located at www.springerlink.comThere is increasing pressure to manage forests
for multiple objectives, including ecosystem services and
biodiversity, alongside timber production. However, few
forests are currently co-managed for timber and wildlife,
despite potential economic and conservation benefits. We
present empirical data from a commercial Norway spruce
(
Picea abies
) and Scots pine (
Pinus sylvestris
) production
system in southern Norway in which moose (
Alces alces
)
are an important secondary product. Combining long-term
hunting and forestry records, we identified temporal vari-
ation in clear-felling over the past five decades, peaking in
the 1970s. Herbicide treatment of regenerating stands and a
fivefold increase in moose harvest has lead to a reduction in
availability of successional forest per moose of
[
90 %
since the 1960s. Field estimates showed that spraying with
the herbicide glyphosate reduced forage availability by 60
and 96 % in summer and winter, respectively, 4 years after
treatment. It also reduced moose use and habitat selection
of young spruce stands compared with unsprayed stands.
Together these lines of evidence suggest that forest man-
agement led to an increase in moose carrying capacity
during the 1970s and a subsequent decline thereafter. This
is likely to have contributed to observed reductions in moose population productivity in southern Norway and is
counter to sustainable resource management. We therefore
call for better integration and long-term planning between
forestry and wildlife management to minimise forest
damage and the development of large fluctuations in
ungulate populations
Lista das espécies de aranhas (Arachnida, Araneae) do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
Dégùts de gibier et bénéfice pour le gibier. A propos de l'appréciation objective de l'influence des Ongulés-gibier sur la végétation forestiÚre
Hinweise zum richtigen Gebrauch von Verbisskennzahlen | Guidance on the Correct Use of Browsing Indicators
Eine neue Methode zur Quantifizierung des Wildverbisses | A New Method to Assess the Effects of Game-Browsing on Forest Regeneration
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