Radiation measurement experiment for Applications Technology Satellite-E

Scintillation detectors are described for the ATS 5 satellite. Operation, electronics, and experiment sequencing and telemetry are considered. Schematics and calibration tables are included

Measurement of the worldwide ionospheric electric field on balloons Final report, 12 May 1969 - 30 Nov. 1970

Balloon measurements of ionospheric electric field

Electronic shutter control for planetary photography with automatic time recording capability

Electromechanical shutter system for planetary photography using semiconductor electronics and automatic time recordin

Double layers above the aurora

Two different kinds of double layers were found in association with auroral precipitation. One of these is the so-called electrostatic shock, which is oriented at an oblique angle to the magnetic field in such a way that the perpendicular electric field is much larger than the parallel electric field. This type of double layer is often found at the edges of regions of upflowing ion beams and the direction of the electric fields in the shock points toward the ion beam. The potential drop through the shock can be several kV and is comparable to the total potential needed to produce auroral acceleration. Instabilities associated with the shock may generate obliquely propagating Alfven waves, which may accelerate electrons to produce flickering auroras. The flickering aurora provides evidence that the electrostatic shock may have large temporal fluctuations. The other kind of double layer is the small-amplitude double layer found in regions of upward flowing in beams, often in association with electrostatic ion cyclotron waves. The parallel and perpendicular electric fields in these structures are comparable in magnitude. The associated potentials are a few eV. Since many such double layers are found in regions of upward flowing ion beams, the combined potential drop through a set of these double layers can be substantial

RoboJam: A Musical Mixture Density Network for Collaborative Touchscreen Interaction

RoboJam is a machine-learning system for generating music that assists users of a touchscreen music app by performing responses to their short improvisations. This system uses a recurrent artificial neural network to generate sequences of touchscreen interactions and absolute timings, rather than high-level musical notes. To accomplish this, RoboJam's network uses a mixture density layer to predict appropriate touch interaction locations in space and time. In this paper, we describe the design and implementation of RoboJam's network and how it has been integrated into a touchscreen music app. A preliminary evaluation analyses the system in terms of training, musical generation and user interaction

A Comparison of Online and Face-to-Face Achievement in Physical Science

ABSTRACT This study provided a descriptive analysis of learning outcomes in both online and face-to-face grades 9-12 physical science courses. Archived data from a single school system were used for a comparative analysis of learning outcomes in high school physical science between students enrolled in online classes and students enrolled in face-to-face classes. The study compared two years of summative assessment scores of two student groups and, overall, found equality between the two learning environments. Online learning outcomes and face-to-face learning outcomes were similar for both school years, 2013-2014 and 2014-2015. The overall comparison between learning environments was further examined to include independent variables. The additional analyses showed some significant differences in the learning outcomes relevant to gender, grade level, and ethnicity. In 2013 and in 2014, white American students significantly outperformed four other ethnic groups, Asian American, African American, Hispanic American, and Multi-Racial Americans, in face-to-face classes. However, in online classes these significant differences in student achievement between white American and the other four ethnic groups were not found. When comparing each of the reported ethnic groups, between online and face-to-face learning outcomes, one ethnic group’s assessment scores were significantly higher in online classes than in face-to-face classes. Hispanic American students in online classes had higher scores compared to Hispanic American students in face-to-face classes. Online learning outcomes also indicated gender equality in student achievement for both school years. The 2013 face-to-face findings indicated that African American female students had lower scores compared to African American male students. Key statistical findings from the comparative analyses were shared with teachers using an online survey. The teacher interpretations of the indicated differences in student achievement between ethnic groups pointed to possible limitations in the African American community of this study, such as support of education and value of education. Teacher response narratives also indicated that teachers viewed higher grade level students as more mature learners with technology skills needed for online learning. Teachers also indicated a learning environment preference for face-to-face student-to-teacher interaction, and teachers’ learning environment preference for hands-on-tasks in physics was the traditional classroom. The online learning environment was preferred for chemistry content lessons that teachers believed to be more dependent on recall and memorization

UCB current detector experiment on Swedish auroral payloads

A split Langmuir probe has been developed to make in situ measurements of ionospheric current density and plasma bulk flow. The probe consists of two conducting elements that are separated by a thin insulator that shield each other over a 2 pi solid angle, and that are simultaneously swept from negative to positive with respect to the plasma. By measuring the current to each plate and the difference current between plates, information is obtained on the plasma's current density, bulk flow, electron temperature, and density. The instrument was successfully flown twice on sounding rockets into auroral events. Measurement data indicate that the total auroral current configuration is composed of several alternating east and west electrojets associated with several alternating up and down Birkeland currents