Into the Doll’s House: Understanding Presumed Female Housekeeping in Children’s Literature

This essay analyzes Edith and Milly’s Housekeeping (1866), written anonymously by Laura Valentine, a general editor for Frederick Warne & Company Publishing. The essay considers the book in the context of gender roles and class in Victorian England. Part of the “Aunt Louisa’s London Toy Books” collection, Edith and Milly’s Housekeeping reflects common nineteenth-century lessons for young girls in regards to housekeeping, morals, maturity, and class consciousness. The essay also suggests that the reason for the book’s failure to remain popular over centuries is that the notion of the doll’s house has been transformed in westernized countries from a tool to help young girls learn how to keep a house into a play toy with which girls are encouraged to use their strong imaginations and not restrict themselves to traditional notions of gender roles, including housekeeping

Understanding Self-Reported Sexual Violence Perpetration: Correlates and Prevention Participation

Bystander prevention programs seek to educate individuals on the nature of sexual violence and increase bystander efficacy. This study seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of the Bringing in the Bystander (BITB) prevention program through self-reports of perpetration behaviors as well as risk factors associated with perpetration. The bystander prevention program was implemented on a rural mid-sized public university and first-year students were surveyed three times at separate time points (2 weeks, 5 months, and 12 months) after the program conclusion. Results from a correlational and logistic regression analysis show that endorsement of violent peer norms, rape myth acceptance, and rape proclivity of self were all significant correlates of perpetration. The results also indicated that endorsement of coercive peer norms was a predictor of recent perpetration. There were no significant differences in self-reported recent perpetration between the control and treatment group. However, recent perpetration rates did decrease for the treatment group, which means BITB is on the right track to ending sexual violence on college campuses

Dust grain dynamics in C-Type shock waves in molecular clouds

We investigate the role and behaviour of dust grains in C-type MHD shock waves in weakly ionized, dense molecular clouds. New shock models are presented for steady, oblique C-type shock structures with shock speed v_s=18km/s, n_H=10^5cm^-3, and a grain population represented by either a single grain species or a MRN grain size distribution. The grain size distribution is calculated using Gauss-Legendre weights and the integrals over the continuous distribution of grain sizes are represented by a number of grain bins. The grain population can then be thought of as a series of separate grain size classes, each with uniquely specified properties. The dynamics of each grain size class is different through the shock front, with the smaller grain classes remaining coupled to the magnetic field and larger grains becoming partially decoupled from the magnetic field due to collisions with the neutrals. The importance of grain charging is also demonstrated. The effects of the orientation of the pre-shock magnetic field B_0 are also considered. It is found that there are critical orientations for B_0 in which the shock is no longer C-type and the transition becomes C$^*$ or J-type. The degree of non-coplanarity of the shock solution depends upon the grain model chosen, as well as the orientation of B_0.Comment: 27 pages, 17 figures, submitted to MNRAS July 200

Thermal Tolerances of Interior Alaskan Arctic Grayling (Thymallus arcticus)

The work upon which this report is based was supported in part by funds (Project A-041-ALAS) provided by the United States Department of the Interior, Office of Water Resources Research, as authorized under the Water Resources Act of 1964, as amended

DNA sensing by electrocatalysis with hemoglobin

Electrocatalysis offers a means of electrochemical signal amplification, yet in DNA-based sensors, electrocatalysis has required high-density DNA films and strict assembly and passivation conditions. Here, we describe the use of hemoglobin as a robust and effective electron sink for electrocatalysis in DNA sensing on low-density DNA films. Protein shielding of the heme redox center minimizes direct reduction at the electrode surface and permits assays on low-density DNA films. Electrocatalysis with methylene blue that is covalently tethered to the DNA by a flexible alkyl chain linkage allows for efficient interactions with both the base stack and hemoglobin. Consistent suppression of the redox signal upon incorporation of a single cytosine-adenine (CA) mismatch in the DNA oligomer demonstrates that both the unamplified and the electrocatalytically amplified redox signals are generated through DNA-mediated charge transport. Electrocatalysis with hemoglobin is robust: It is stable to pH and temperature variations. The utility and applicability of electrocatalysis with hemoglobin is demonstrated through restriction enzyme detection, and an enhancement in sensitivity permits femtomole DNA sampling

Development of an Operational Northern Aquatic Ecosystem Model: Completion Report

OWRR Contract No. 14-31-0001-5217 Grant No. C-6169The work upon which this completion report is based was supported by funds provided by the U. S. Department of the Interior, Office of Water Research and Technology as authorized under the Water Resources Research Act of 1964, Public Law 88-379, as amended

Congenital hearing loss in Malta : a survey

The congenitally deaf infant who acquires deafness prior to development of language present special problems when compared to other hearing impaired individuals. This is because both the development of speech and of language depends on adequate hearing. As speech and language are our prime means of communication, the congenitally deaf child is automatically also handicapped in his psychological development, social adaptation and work adaptability. The authors reviewed cases of congenital hearing loss presenting on a 20 year period to establish the incidence of congenital hearing impairment in the Maltese islands; to determine the common causes; to highlight any difficulties in early diagnosis and management of these children.peer-reviewe

String Comparison in VV-Order: New Lexicographic Properties & On-line Applications

$V$-order is a global order on strings related to Unique Maximal Factorization Families (UMFFs), which are themselves generalizations of Lyndon words. $V$-order has recently been proposed as an alternative to lexicographical order in the computation of suffix arrays and in the suffix-sorting induced by the Burrows-Wheeler transform. Efficient $V$-ordering of strings thus becomes a matter of considerable interest. In this paper we present new and surprising results on $V$-order in strings, then go on to explore the algorithmic consequences