233 research outputs found
Magnetic Properties of Quantum Ferrimagnetic Spin Chains
Magnetic susceptibilities of spin- ferrimagnetic Heisenberg chains are
numerically investigated. It is argued how the ferromagnetic and
antiferromagnetic features of quantum ferrimagnets are exhibited as functions
of . Spin- ferrimagnetic chains behave like combinations of
spin- ferromagnetic and spin- antiferromagnetic chains provided
.Comment: 4 pages, 7 PS figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. B: Rapid Commu
Virosaurus A Reference to Explore and Capture Virus Genetic Diversity.
The huge genetic diversity of circulating viruses is a challenge for diagnostic assays for emerging or rare viral diseases. High-throughput technology offers a new opportunity to explore the global virome of patients without preconception about the culpable pathogens. It requires a solid reference dataset to be accurate. Virosaurus has been designed to offer a non-biased, automatized and annotated database for clinical metagenomics studies and diagnosis. Raw viral sequences have been extracted from GenBank, and cleaned up to remove potentially erroneous sequences. Complete sequences have been identified for all genera infecting vertebrates, plants and other eukaryotes (insect, fungus, etc.). To facilitate the analysis of clinically relevant viruses, we have annotated all sequences with official and common virus names, acronym, genotypes, and genomic features (linear, circular, DNA, RNA, etc.). Sequences have been clustered to remove redundancy at 90% or 98% identity. The analysis of clustering results reveals the state of the virus genetic landscape knowledge. Because herpes and poxviruses were under-represented in complete genomes considering their potential diversity in nature, we used genes instead of complete genomes for those in Virosaurus
The Value of Suction Drainage Fluid Culture during Aseptic and Septic Orthopedic Surgery: A Prospective Study of 901 Patients
There are no guidelines on the value of suction drainage fluid culture (SDC), and it is difficult to determine whether the organisms cultured from suction drainage fluid samples are pathogenic or simply contaminants. We performed 2989 cultures of suction drainage fluid samples obtained, during a 1-year period, from 901 patients who underwent aseptic or septic orthopedic surgery (946 operations). The culture results were analyzed to evaluate their ability to detect postoperative infection after aseptic operations or to detect either a persistent or new episode of sepsis in patients known to have infection. For aseptic operations, the sensitivity of SDC was 25%, the specificity was 99%, the positive predictive value was 25%, and the negative predictive value was 99%. For septic operations, the sensitivity of SDC was 81%, the specificity was 96%, the positive predictive value was 87%, and the negative predictive value was 94%. We conclude that, for aseptic orthopedic surgery, SDC is not useful in detecting postoperative infection. However, for septic orthopedic surgery, it is of clinical importanc
Etude expérimentale d'un arc impulsionnel entre des contacts Ag et Ag-C
International audienc
ROSAT observations of X-ray emission from planetary nebulae
We have searched the entire ROSAT archive for useful observations to study
X-ray emission from Galactic planetary nebulae (PNs). The search yields a
sample of 63 PNs, which we call the ROSAT PN sample. About 20-25% of this
sample show X-ray emission; these include 13 definite detections and three
possible detections (at a 2-sigma level). All X-ray sources in these PNs are
concentrated near the central stars. Only A 30, BD+30 3639, and NGC 6543 are
marginally resolved by the ROSAT instruments. Three types of X-ray spectra are
seen in PNs. Type 1 consists of only soft X-ray emission (<0.5 keV), peaks at
0.1-0.2 keV, and can be fitted by blackbody models at temperatures 1-2 10^5 K.
Type 2 consists of harder X-ray emission, peaks at >0.5 keV, and can be fitted
by thin plasma emission models at temperatures of a few 10^6 K. Type 3 is a
composite of a bright Type 1 component and a fainter Type 2 component.
Unresolved soft sources with Type 1 spectra or the soft component of Type 3
spectra are most likely photospheric emission from the hot central stars.
Absorption cross sections are large for these soft-energy photons; therefore,
only large, tenuous, evolved PNs with hot central stars and small absorption
column densities have been detected. The origin of hard X-ray emission from PNs
is uncertain. PNs with Type 2 spectra are small, dense, young nebulae with
relatively cool (<<10^5 K) central stars, while PNs with Type 3 X-ray spectra
are large, tenuous, evolved nebulae with hot central stars. The hard X-ray
luminosities are also different between these two types of PNs, indicating
perhaps different origins of their hard X-ray emission. Future Chandra and XMM
observations with high spatial and spectral resolution will help to understand
the origin of hard X-ray emission from PNs.Comment: To be published in The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 21
pages, 7 figures, 5 table
The SwissLipids knowledgebase for lipid biology
Motivation: Lipids are a large and diverse group of biological molecules with roles in membrane formation, energy storage and signaling. Cellular lipidomes may contain tens of thousands of structures, a staggering degree of complexity whose significance is not yet fully understood. High-throughput mass spectrometry-based platforms provide a means to study this complexity, but the interpretation of lipidomic data and its integration with prior knowledge of lipid biology suffers from a lack of appropriate tools to manage the data and extract knowledge from it. Results: To facilitate the description and exploration of lipidomic data and its integration with prior biological knowledge, we have developed a knowledge resource for lipids and their biology—SwissLipids. SwissLipids provides curated knowledge of lipid structures and metabolism which is used to generate an in silico library of feasible lipid structures. These are arranged in a hierarchical classification that links mass spectrometry analytical outputs to all possible lipid structures, metabolic reactions and enzymes. SwissLipids provides a reference namespace for lipidomic data publication, data exploration and hypothesis generation. The current version of SwissLipids includes over 244 000 known and theoretically possible lipid structures, over 800 proteins, and curated links to published knowledge from over 620 peer-reviewed publications. We are continually updating the SwissLipids hierarchy with new lipid categories and new expert curated knowledge. Availability: SwissLipids is freely available at http://www.swisslipids.org/. Contact: [email protected] Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics onlin
The biocompatibility of titanium in a buffer solution: compared effects of a thin film of TiO2 deposited by MOCVD and of collagen deposited from a gel
This study aims at evaluating the biocompatibility of titanium surfaces modified according two different ways: (i) deposition of a bio-inert, thin film of rutile TiO2 by chemical vapour deposition (MOCVD), and (ii) biochemical treatment with collagen gel, in order to obtain a bio-interactive coating. Behind the comparison is the idea that either the bio-inert or the bio-active coating has specific advantages when applied to implant treatment, such as the low price of the collagen treatment for instance. The stability in buffer solution was evaluated by open circuit potential (OCP) for medium time and cyclic voltametry. The OCP stabilized after 5104 min for all the specimens except the collagen treated sample which presented a stable OCP from the first minutes. MOCVD treated samples stabilized to more electropositive values. Numeric results were statistically analysed to obtain the regression equations for long time predictable evolution. The corrosion parameters determined from cyclic curves revealed that the MOCVD treatment is an efficient way to improve corrosion resistance. Human dermal fibroblasts were selected for cell culture tests, taking into account that these cells are present in all bio-interfaces, being the main cellular type of connective tissue. The cells grew on either type of surface without phenotype modification. From the reduction of yellow, water-soluble 3-(4,5-dimethyldiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT cytotoxicity test), MOCVD treated samples offer better viability than mechanically polished Ti and collagen treated samples as well. Cell spreading, as evaluated from microscope images processed by the program Sigma Scan, showed also enhancement upon surface modification. Depending on the experimental conditions, MOCVD deposited TiO2 exhibits different nanostructures that may influence biological behaviour. The results demonstrate the capacity of integration in simulated physiologic liquids for an implant pretreated by either method
Existence of the magnetization plateau in a class of exactly solvable Ising-Heisenberg chains
The mapping transformation technique is applied to obtain exact results for
the spin-1/2 and spin-S (S=1/2,1) Ising-Heisenberg antiferromagnetic chain in
the presence of an external magnetic field. Within this scheme, a field-induced
first-order metamagnetic transition resulting in multiplateau magnetization
curves, is investigated in detail. It is found that the scenario of the plateau
formation depends fundamentally on the ratio between Ising and Heisenbrg
interaction constants, as well as on the anisotropy strength of the XXZ
Heisenberg interaction.Comment: 16 pages, 10 figures, submitted to J. Phys: Condens. Matte
Low-Temperature Properties of Quasi-One-Dimensional Molecule-Based Ferromagnets
Quantum and thermal behaviors of low-dimensional mixed-spin systems are
investigated with particular emphasis on the design of molecule-based
ferromagnets. One can obtain a molecular ferromagnet by assembling molecular
bricks so as to construct a low-dimensional system with a magnetic ground state
and then coupling the chains or the layers again in a ferromagnetic fashion.
Two of thus-constructed quasi-one-dimensional bimetallic compounds are
qualitatively viewed within the spin-wave treatment, one of which successfully
grows into a bulk magnet, while the other of which ends in a singlet ground
state. Then, concentrating on the ferrimagnetic arrangement on a two-leg ladder
which is well indicative of general coupled-chain ferrimagnets, we develop the
spin-wave theory and fully reveal its low-energy structure. We inquire further
into the ferromagnetic aspect of the ferrimagnetic ladder numerically
calculating the sublattice magnetization and the magnetic susceptibility. There
exists a moderate coupling strength between the chains in order to obtain the
most ferromagnetic ferrimagnet.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures embedded, to be published in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn.
Vol.70, No.5 (2001
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