Logics of knowledge and action: critical analysis and challenges

International audienceWe overview the most prominent logics of knowledge and action that were proposed and studied in the multiagent systems literature. We classify them according to these two dimensions, knowledge and action, and moreover introduce a distinction between individual knowledge and group knowledge, and between a nonstrategic an a strategic interpretation of action operators. For each of the logics in our classification we highlight problematic properties. They indicate weaknesses in the design of these logics and call into question their suitability to represent knowledge and reason about it. This leads to a list of research challenges

Mycobacterium bovis endophthalmitis from BCG immunotherapy for bladder cancer

BACKGROUND: We report a patient who developed BCG endophthalmitis after BCG immunotherapy for bladder cancer. Comparison of this case with 2 other reported cases reveals a similar pattern of elderly, debilitated and immunocompromised patients with poor response to systemic antituberculous therapy in whom systemic steroids are used concurrently. Age and glucocorticoids are known to lead to thymic involution, reduce cell mediated immunity, and a lowering in the number of naive T cells capable of mounting an effective defense to new infectious agents. CONCLUSIONS: Physicians should be aware of the potential for ocular complications of BCG immunotherapy in the elderly, immunocompromised, on oral steroid

Strategy elimination in games with interaction structures ⋆

Abstract. We study games in the presence of an interaction structure, which allows players to communicate their preferences, assuming that each player initially only knows his own preferences. We study the outcomes of iterated elimination of strictly dominated strategies (IESDS) that can be obtained in any given state of communication. We also give epistemic foundations for these “intermediate ” IESDS outcomes. This involves firstly describing the knowledge that the players would have in any state of communication, using the framework from Apt et al. [3]. We then prove that when there is common knowledge of rationality, each intermediate outcome is entailed by the knowledge in the relevant state of communication.