Effect of Vegetable Oil Types on Energy Expenditure, Abdominal Fat Deposition and Fatty Acid Profile of Breast and Thigh Muscles in Broilers

This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of different vegetable oil types on broiler energy expenditure, abdominal fat deposition and fatty acid profile of breast and thigh. A total number of 300 un-sexed day-old cobb 500 broiler chickens were used in a completely randomized design, consisted of five treatments (five different vegetable oil sources including soy, flaxseed, canola, corn, and sunflower oil), with five replicates and 10 chicks in each. Different vegetable oil sources had no significant effect on energy efficiency ratio and abdominal fat deposition. Flaxseed oil increased C18:3 and C20:5 in breast and C18:3, C20:3, C20:4 and C20:5 in thigh muscle (P< 0.05). The highest content of n-3 fatty acids was observed in breast of broilers fed diets treated with flaxseed oil (P< 0.05). The C18:3 content of thigh of broilers fed flaxseed was significantly higher than those chicken received other oil sources (P< 0.05). A significant increase in C20:5 was seen in the thigh of chicken received flaxseed oil, too (P< 0.05). The highest content of C18:2 was observed in the breast of the chickens fed corn oil and the lowest was seen in broilers received canola oil (P< 0.05). The results showed that dietary oil type could affect fatty acid profile of broiler breast and thigh despite lack of significant difference in broiler energy expenditure or abdominal fat deposition

Internet of Things in Agricultural Innovation and Security

The agricultural Internet of Things (Ag-IoT) paradigm has tremendous potential in transparent integration of underground soil sensing, farm machinery, and sensor-guided irrigation systems with the complex social network of growers, agronomists, crop consultants, and advisors. The aim of the IoT in agricultural innovation and security chapter is to present agricultural IoT research and paradigm to promote sustainable production of safe, healthy, and profitable crop and animal agricultural products. This chapter covers the IoT platform to test optimized management strategies, engage farmer and industry groups, and investigate new and traditional technology drivers that will enhance resilience of the farmers to the socio-environmental changes. A review of state-of-the-art communication architectures and underlying sensing technologies and communication mechanisms is presented with coverage of recent advances in the theory and applications of wireless underground communications. Major challenges in Ag-IoT design and implementation are also discussed