Twenty years of anti-HER2 therapy-associated cardiotoxicity

Over the past 20...years, the prognosis of HER2-positive breast cancer has been transformed by the development of anti-HER2 targeted therapies. In early clinical trials of trastuzumab (ie, the first anti-HER2 agent to be developed) cardiotoxicity became a major concern. In the first published phase 3 trial of trastuzumab, 27% of patients receiving anthracyclines and trastuzumab experienced cardiac events and 16% suffered from severe congestive heart failure. In subsequent trials conducted in advanced and early settings, the incidence of cardiac events was reduced through changes in chemotherapy regimens, more strict patient selection and close cardiac assessment. However, cardiotoxicity remains a significant problem in clinical practice that is likely to increase as new agents are approved and exposure times increase through improved patients' survival. Though numerous trials have led to improved understanding of many aspects of anti-HER2 therapy-related cardiotoxicity, its underlying physiopathology mechanisms are not well understood. The purpose of this article is to provide an in-depth review on anti-HER2 therapy-related cardiotoxicity, including data on both trastuzumab and the recently developed anti-HER2 targeted agents

Determinação dos constituintes do leite de vacas de corte de acordo com o período de lactação.

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Televisão digital, recepção e conteúdo: o audiovisual para além dos seus padrões analógicos

Entre las innumeras predicciones que buscan describir el escenario actual, encontramos afirmaciones acerca de la incorporación de la Internet como un medio único para diferentes medios y mensajes, redefinindo para la televisión, por ejemplo, la posibilidad de múltiplos soportes de recepción y lenguaje. Los investigadores creen prematura la identificación de una "estética digital", sin embargo, ya se observan cambios en los hábitos - a partir de acciones simples a acciones combinadas - en los ambientes de recepción, o incluso en los medios y mensajes. De todos modos, las situaciones aparentemente estables pasan a convergir múltiplas posibilidades. A pesar de no ser posible negar las divergencias entre los medios, es cada vez más necesario el debate acerca de posibilidades de ampliación de sus repertories.Among the many predictions that seek to describe the current scenario, we find statements about the incorporation of the Internet as a unique media for different media and messages, resetting for television, for example, the possibility of receiving multiple reception support and language. Researchers find premature the identification of a "digital aesthetic"; However, it is already observed changes in habits - from the simple actions to combined actions in the environments of reception, or even in the media and messages. Anyways, seemingly stable situations are converging multiple possibilities. Although it is not possible to deny differences between medias, it is increasingly necessary to debate on the possibility of extending their repertoire

Produção leiteira de vacas de corte de diferentes composições raciais criadas no sul do Brasil.

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Fertilidade real de vacas de corte de diferentes composições raciais criadas no sul do Brasil.

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