One size does not fit all: local determinants of measles vaccination in four districts of Pakistan

Common factors are associated with vaccination. However, despite common factors the pattern of variables related to measles vaccination differs between and within districts. In this study children were more likely to receive measles vaccination if their mother had any formal education, if she knew at least one vaccine preventable disease, and if she had not heard of any bad effects of vaccination. In rural areas, living within 5 km of a vaccination facility or in a community visited by a vaccination team were factors associated with vaccination, as was the mother receiving information about vaccinations

Missed opportunities and caretaker constraints to childhood vaccination in rural areas of Uganda

Background: Despite concerted support to vaccination programmes, coverage remains low. While health service reasons for this are known, there is little information on caretaker constraints to vaccination in Africa. Objective: To establish the prevalence of missed vaccination opportunities and caretaker constraints to childhood vaccinations. Design: Cross-sectional descriptive study. Subjects: Caretakers of 408 children aged 12-23 months were interviewed. Setting: Kiyeyi, a rural area in Eastern Uganda. Results: Complete vaccination coverage by card was 26.7% while by history and card it was 44.6%. Of the 215 eligible children who sought treatment in a health facility where vaccination could be offered, 59.6% missed an opportunity to be vaccinated while 24.4% of the children missed an opportunity during routine vaccination sessions. Reasons for non-completion of vaccination included caretaker ‘not bothered', being busy, or illand fear of rude health workers. While most caretakers were aware of vaccination and its benefits, none knew the immunisation schedule. The major caretaker constraints were low level of formal education, fear of vaccine side effects, and perceived contraindications to vaccinations. (East African Medical Journal: 2002 79(7): 347-354) Conclusion: Promotion of formal education for girls and educating mothers and health workers on the timing of vaccinations, their side effects and management might contribute to higher vaccination coverage

Trend of case notification and treatment outcome in tb management units in refugee settlements in Uganda. A fouryear retrospective analysis, 2014-2017

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major health challenge in refugee populations. Monitoring the key indicators of TB program performance is essential to improve the effectiveness of TB control in refugee camps.Objective: To investigate trends of TB case notifications and treatment outcomes in refugee settlements in Uganda, 2014-2017.Design: Retrospective descriptive cohort studySettings: Thirty-three health facilities located in 12 refugee settlementsSubjects: All TB cases registered from January 1 2014 to December 31 2017Results: A total of 794 TB cases of whom 63.4% were of age 15-44 years and 2.9% Extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) were registered. TB case notification increased from 89 in 2014 to 452 cases in 2017. From 2014 to 2017: male to female ratio for notification was ≥ 2.1:1; percentage of bacteriologically confirmed new and relapse pulmonary was 73.5% to 90.5%; and TB treatment success rate remained lower at 56.2% to 70.8%. On average 32.2% had unfavorable outcomes, including 22% lost to followup (LTFU), 4.5% not evaluated, 3.8% died, and 1.5% had treatment failure. Unsuccessful treatment was significantly associated with EPTB (AOR 11.4 95% CI (1.9-66.5).Conclusion: During the study period: TB case notification continuously increased; TB cases were predominately by male and age 15-44 years; frequency of EPTB remained lower than the national data (7.3%); and TB treatment success was far below the global target (≥ 90%) which need to be improved. There was higher LTFU, not evaluated and death. Patients with EPTB who are at higher risk for unsuccessful treatment need special support

CINP 2005 Regional Meeting, 20-22 April 2005

List of abstract titles and authors: 1. Antipsychotics across the spectrum: An overview of their mechanisms of action Anissa Abi-Dargham 2. Recent advances in the treatment of common anxiety disorders Christer Allgulander 3. Psychiatry in Africa: The myths, the realities and the exotic O Gureje 4. Mental Health policy developmet in Kenya and Tanznia - A DFID funded project Rachel Jenkins, David Kima, Joseph Mbatia, Frank Njenga 5. Vascular factors in Alzheimer's disease R N Kalaria 6. Depression as an immunologically based Neurodegenerative disorder Brian Leonard 7. Eight years of progress in Arican Psychiatry F Njenga 8. Treatment of Depression: Present and future Dr R.M. Pinder 9. Imaging the Serotinergic system in impulsive aggressive personality disorder patients Larry J Siever, Antonia S. New, Mari Goodman, Monte Buchsbaum, Erin Hazlett, Karen O'Flynn, Anissa Abi-argham, Marc Lauelle 10. Mode of action of Atypical antipsychotic rugs: Focus on A2 Adrnoceptors T.H. Svensson Neuroscience: Selected Abstracts 11. Chemical odulato of Fronto-execuitive functions: Neropsychiatric implications Trevor W Robbins 12. Neural mechanisms of recognition memory and of social atacnt Prof. G Horn 13. Estrogen signling after estrogen receptor ß (ERß) Jan-Ake Gustafsson 14. Getting Lost: Hippocampal contributions to agerelated memory dysfunction Carol Barnes Metals and the brain: Selected abstracts 15. Modeling the contributin of iron mismanagement to Neurological disorders Prof. J R C Connor 16. Aluminium-triggered fibrillogenesis of B-Amyloids Prof. PZ Zatta, Dr D Drago, Mr G Tognon, Dr F Ricchelli Psychiatry in Africa: 17. Psychosocal aspects of Khat use among the youth of Nairobi Ms T M Khamis 18. PTSD among motor vehicle accident survivors, Kenya Dr F A Ongecha 19. Psychiatric relities within African context - The Kenyan case Study Prof. D M  N Ndetei 20. Adolescent-parenta interactions from infancy, Nairobi Kenya Dr L K Ksakhala, Prof. D M N Ndetei 21. Alcohol use ong young persons: A focus group study in Southwest Nigeria O A Obeijide 22. Personality disorders and personality traits among tyoe 2 Diabetic patients Prof. O El Rufaie, Dr M Sabosy, Dr M S Abuzeid 23. Association of traumatic experiences with depression among Nigerian adolescents Dr O Omigbodun, Dr K BakareMs O B Yusuf, Dr O Esan 24. Prevalence of depression among women attending outpatient clinics in Malawi Dr  M Tugumisirize, Prof. Agn, Dr Musisi 25. Non-fatal suicidalbehaviour at the Johannesburg General Hospital Dr  M Y H Moosa, Prof. F Y Jeenah, Dr A Pillay, Pof. M Vorstere, Dr R Liebenberg 26. Integrating mental health into general primary health care - Uganda's experience Dr N Kigozi 27. Depression among Nigerian survivors of stroke:Prevalance and associated factors Dr F.O Fatoye Dr M A Komolafe, Dr A. O Adewuya, Dr B.A. Eegunranti Prof. M.A. Lawal 28. NGO Involvement mental health care -The way forward Dr  Basangwa 29. Prevalen of Attenton Deficit Hyperactivity sorder among African school children Dr E KashalaProf. T Tylleskar, Dr I Elgen, Dr K Sommerfelt 30. Barriers to effective mental health care in Nigeria Ms L. Kola 31. Quay of life evaluation in patients with HIV-I infection with respect to the impact of Phyttherapy (Traditional Herb in Zimbabwe) M B Sebit, S K Chandiwaa, A S Latif, E Gomo, S W Acuda, F Makoni, J Vush

CINP 2005 Regional Meeting, 20-22 April 2005

List of abstract titles and authors:1. Antipsychotics across the spectrum: An overview of their mechanisms of actionAnissa Abi-Dargham2. Recent advances in the treatment of common anxiety disordersChrister Allgulander3. Psychiatry in Africa: The myths, the realities and the exoticO Gureje4. Mental Health policy developmet in Kenya and Tanznia - A DFID funded projectRachel Jenkins, David Kima, Joseph Mbatia, Frank Njenga5. Vascular factors in Alzheimer's diseaseR N Kalaria6. Depression as an immunologically based Neurodegenerative disorderBrian Leonard7. Eight years of progress in Arican PsychiatryF Njenga8. Treatment of Depression: Present and futureDr R.M. Pinder9. Imaging the Serotinergic system in impulsive aggressive personality disorder patientsLarry J Siever, Antonia S. New, Mari Goodman, Monte Buchsbaum, Erin Hazlett, Karen O'Flynn, Anissa Abi-argham, Marc Lauelle10. Mode of action of Atypical antipsychotic rugs: Focus on A2 AdrnoceptorsT.H. SvenssonNeuroscience: Selected Abstracts11. Chemical odulato of Fronto-execuitive functions: Neropsychiatric implicationsTrevor W Robbins12. Neural mechanisms of recognition memory and of social atacntProf. G Horn13. Estrogen signling after estrogen receptor ß (ERß)Jan-Ake Gustafsson14. Getting Lost: Hippocampal contributions to agerelated memory dysfunctionCarol BarnesMetals and the brain: Selected abstracts15. Modeling the contributin of iron mismanagement to Neurological disordersProf. J R C Connor16. Aluminium-triggered fibrillogenesis of B-AmyloidsProf. PZ Zatta, Dr D Drago, Mr G Tognon, Dr F RicchelliPsychiatry in Africa:17. Psychosocal aspects of Khat use among the youth of NairobiMs T M Khamis18. PTSD among motor vehicle accident survivors, KenyaDr F A Ongecha19. Psychiatric relities within African context - The Kenyan case StudyProf. D M N Ndetei20. Adolescent-parenta interactions from infancy, Nairobi KenyaDr L K Ksakhala, Prof. D M N Ndetei21. Alcohol use ong young persons: A focus group study in Southwest NigeriaO A Obeijide22. Personality disorders and personality traits among tyoe 2 Diabetic patientsProf. O El Rufaie, Dr M Sabosy, Dr M S Abuzeid23. Association of traumatic experiences with depression among Nigerian adolescentsDr O Omigbodun, Dr K BakareMs O B Yusuf, Dr O Esan24. Prevalence of depression among women attending outpatient clinics in MalawiDr M Tugumisirize, Prof. Agn, Dr Musisi25. Non-fatal suicidalbehaviour at the Johannesburg General HospitalDr M Y H Moosa, Prof. F Y Jeenah, Dr A Pillay, Pof. M Vorstere, Dr R Liebenberg26. Integrating mental health into general primary health care - Uganda's experienceDr N Kigozi27. Depression among Nigerian survivors of stroke:Prevalance and associated factorsDr F.O Fatoye Dr M A Komolafe, Dr A. O Adewuya, Dr B.A. Eegunranti Prof. M.A. Lawal28. NGO Involvement mental health care -The way forwardDr Basangwa29. Prevalen of Attenton Deficit Hyperactivity sorder among African school childrenDr E KashalaProf. T Tylleskar, Dr I Elgen, Dr K Sommerfelt30. Barriers to effective mental health care in NigeriaMs L. Kola31. Quay of life evaluation in patients with HIV-I infection with respect to the impact of Phyttherapy (Traditional Herb in Zimbabwe)M B Sebit, S K Chandiwaa, A S Latif, E Gomo, S W Acuda, F Makoni, J Vush