Compressive and Tensile Strength of Expanded Polystyrene Beads Concrete

Penelitian ini betujuan untuk mempelajari property dari beton ringan yang mengandung expanded polystyrene beads, yaitu kuat tekan (compressive strength) dan kuat tarik (tensile strength). Property tersebut kemudian dibandingkan dengan beton normal (beton tanpa expanded polystyrene beads) sebagai campuran pengontrol. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa jumlah polystyrene beads yang dimasukkan sebagai campuran beton mempengaruhi property beton; yaitu dapat menurunkan kuat tekan beton. Tetapi, pada campuran beton dengan 15 % polystyrene beads (Mix II) pada 28 hari kuat tekannya dapat bertahan hingga 86 % dan kuat tariknya 87 % jika dibandingkan dengan beton norma

Lightweight High Strength Concrete with Expanded Polystyrene Beads

This paper is a literature study about lightweight high strength concrete by incorporating expanded polystyrene beads. Basically polystyrene is disposal material from packaging industry. However, after being processed in a special manner, polystyrene can be expanded and used as lightweight concrete making material. Therefore, the use of expanded polystyrene beads in concrete is not only beneficial for engineering studies but also provide solution for the environmental proble

Konsep Agrowisata Pada Lahan Konservasi Studi Kasus: Lahan Buah Condet, Jakarta Timur

Jakarta sebagai destinasi wisata di Indonesia yang menerapkan berbagai jenis wisata yaitu wisata budaya, wisata sejarah dan wisata alam. Contoh wisata alam di Jakarta adalah Taman Wisata Alam Mangrove Angke dan isu pengembangan potensi Sungai Ciliwung sebagai destinasi wisata berbasis alam. Salah satu segmen yang merupakan lahan konservasi di Daerah Aliran Sungai adalah Lahan Buah Condet, Jakarta Timur. Lahan Buah Condet adalah satu-satunya kantong pertanian yang tersisa dari luas Condet yang ditetapkan pada SK Gubernur DCI Jakarta No.DIV-1511/E/74 dan kegiatan perlindungan sungai khususnya bagian sempadan seperti dalam Pasal 20 Peraturan Pemerintah RI Nomor 38 Tahun 2011. Potensi tapak berupa kontur topografi tapak datar, tanaman endemik khas dominan yaitu Salak dan Duku Condet. Adanya Keputusan Gubernur Provinsi DKI Jakarta No. 646 Tahun 2016, mendorong pengembangan Lahan Buah Condet sebagai destinasi wisata serta kawasan agrowisata di Jakarta Timur. Permasalahan dalam pengembangan agrowisata adalah lahan perkebunan terbatas, mudah banjir, akses menuju perkebunan di area Perumahan warga dan pemanfaatan pola ruang kurang terawat, dikhawatirkan menimbulkan kerusakan pada lahan. Melalui studi pustaka dan studi terdahulu ditemukan beberapa variabel penelitian. Dengan menggabungkan variabel agrowisata, konservasi, serta memperhatikan potensi-potensi lahan, didapatkan solusi konsep agrowisata berupa zonasi, atraksi, aksesibilitas dan fasilitas pada lahan konservasi khususnya Lahan Buah Condet

Pengaruh Suhu Karbonisasi Terhadap Struktur Dan Konduktivitas Listrik Arang Serabut Kelapa

Karakteristik yang dimiliki arang dari bahan alam sangat dipengaruhi oleh kondisi saat proses karbonisasi berlangsung, salah satunya yaitu parameter suhu. Penelitian tentang pengaruh Perubahan suhu karbonisasi terhadap mikrostruktur dan konduktivitas listrik arang serabut kelapa telah dilakukan. Proses karbonisasi serabut kelapa dilakukan pada suhu 500oC, 900oC dan 1300oC. Untuk pembuatan arang suhu 500oC dan 900oC, proses karbonisasi dilakukan selama 1 jam di dalam tungku dengan suasana inert (gas N2), sedangkan pembuatan arang 1300oC dilakukan menggunakan Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS). Karakterisasi mikrostruktur arang serabut kelapa dilakukan menggunakan teknik XRD dan SEM, sedangkan pengukuran konduktivitas listrik dilakukan menggunakan LCR meter. Analisis data XRD menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan suhu karbonisasi hingga 1300oC menyebabkan peningkatan derajat kristalinitasnya, dan struktur karbon yang dihasilkan mendekati struktur kristal karbon grafit. Pengamatan SEM menampilkan pembentukan pori dengan diameter ±10 μm pada permukaan arang serabut kelapa hasil karbonisasi. Peningkatan suhu karbonisasi juga menyebabkankonduktivitas listrik arang meningkat yaitu sebesar (0,39x10-5 )S/m - (0,43x10-5 )S/m untuk arang 500oC; 0,21 S/m – 0,23 S/m untuk arang 900oC, dan (0,12x102 )S/m - (0,18x102 )S/m untuk arang 1300oC

Management Innovation and Principal Leadership in Private Junior High School

The type of research used in this research is field case study research using a qualitative descriptive approach. Data collection was carried out through interview, observation, and documentation techniques. Data analysis includes data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The findings from this study are that, first, management innovations carried out by school principals are in the areas of curriculum management, infrastructure management, and staffing management. Second, the leadership innovations carried out by the principal seem to be reflected in the principal as an innovative leader, with the dominant character being a friendly, democratic, intelligent principal who is good at seeing opportunities and building relationships. Third, innovation is carried out by school principals through three stages, namely initiating innovation programs, compiling innovation programs, and implementing innovations

Cardiac acceleration as a marker of vagal withdrawal in heart rate control during exercise in humans

Objective: To investigate whether the time rate of change in heart rate i.e. cardiac acceleration, during aerobic exercise in human subjects could be used to differentiate vagal withdrawal from sympathetic stimulation.Methods: Fifteen male subjects exercised on a bicycle ergometer at 50 Watts (Step 1), then 100 Watts (Step 2), for 2 minutes each.Results: Heart rate (HR) was monitored from a resting value (mean +/- SD) of 80.3 +/- 12.9 to 113.8 +/- 13.6 beats min-1 in Step 1. In Step 2 exercise, HR increased from 113.8 +/- 13.6 to 145 +/- 20 beats min-1. At the initiation of Step 1, a rapid acceleration of HR was observed in the form of an overshoot response. In contrast to Step 1, a small overshoot response of cardiac acceleration was observed during Step 2. The difference between the mean cardiac acceleration at 10 seconds in Steps 1 and 2 was significant (2.40 +/- 0.19 and 0.71 +/- 0.12 beats min-1 sec-1, p \u3c 0.0001).CONCLUSION: The initial vagal withdrawal of exercise-induced tachycardia, as a frontline adaptive mechanism, can be indirectly identified from HR transients using cardiac acceleration as a new marker

Efficacy of a topical gabapentin gel in a cisplatin paradigm of chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy

Background: Chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) has been attributed to chemotherapeutic agents such as cisplatin which adversely affect disease outcome leading to increased cancer related morbidity. The clinical efficacy of systemic gabapentin in neuropathic pain management is limited by central side-effects in addition to a scarceness of conclusive evidence of its efficacy in CIPN management. The topical route therefore may provide a relatively safe alternative for neuropathic pain treatment in general and CIPN in particular. Methods: Cisplatin induced neuropathic nociception was established in rats after a single weekly cisplatin injection (3.0 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) for 4 weeks. The evoked neuropathic sensation of allodynia was assessed by plantar application of von Frey monofilaments as the paw withdrawal threshold (PWT), whereas the expression of heat-hypoalgesia was determined on a hot-plate as paw withdrawal latency (PWL). Gabapentin gel (10% w/w) was applied three-times daily on the hind paws while in a concurrent systemic study, gabapentin was administered daily (75 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) for 4 weeks. To assess any evidence of neurological adverse symptoms of cisplatin and the central side-effect propensity of systemic or topical gabapentin, evaluation of motor coordination (rotarod test) and gait (footprint analysis) were performed. Results: Cisplatin invoked a progressive development of neuropathic hind paw allodynia (decreased PWT, days 7–28) and heat hypoalgesia (increased PWL, days 21–28). Topical gabapentin significantly delayed the expression of both allodynia on protocol days 21 and 28 and heat-hypoalgesia (day 28). Systemic gabapentin displayed a comparative anti-neuropathic predisposition through a sustained suppression of tactile allodynia on days 14 and 21–28 as well as thermal hypoalgesia (days 21 and 28). Systemic gabapentin also impaired motor coordination and gait thus affirming its clinically documented central side effects, but these outcomes were not evident after topical treatment. Conclusions: Both topical and systemic gabapentin exhibit a propensity to attenuate CIPN in a cisplatin paradigm. Gabapentin applied topically may therefore provide an adjunctive or alternative route for CIPN management upon cessation of systemic medications due to intolerable side-effect