Reference Structure Model for Degree Alert Classification During Seasonal Hydrological Events for Humanitarian Assistence in the Brazilian Amazon

AbstractRecent events in the rivers of the Amazon region show the distinct need for concern in this region and the vulnerability of the Amazonian people in regards to these events. Organizations for humanitarian aid developed procedures in the Amazon region. But to what extent are these actions effective if little is done prior to disasters? This work seeks to develop a frame of reference for classifying alertness in cities likely to suffer from flooding and ebbing of the hydrographic network in the Amazon Basin. The objective is to serve warning to the riverside communities in the state of Amazonas, establish future provisions of supplies and to form a solid database of information concerning the needs and impacts of these events, hence creating a historical record

Hérnia perineal em cães: revisão de literatura

A hérnia perineal é uma condição patológica em que os órgãos da cavidade abdominal caudal e/ou pélvicossão encontrados na região perineal devido à fragilidade dos músculos que compõem o diafragma pélvico. Estadoença acomete com maior frequência cães machos, idosos e não castrados, podendo também ser observadaem cães jovens, cadelas e felinos. A hérnia pode ser uni ou bilateral, e apresenta elevados índices de recidivaou complicações no período pós-operatório. Dependendo dos órgãos que estiverem em posição perineal, oanimal pode demonstrar sinais de comprometimento do trato urinário e/ou digestivo, como dificuldade paradefecar e/ou urinar. O diagnóstico definitivo pode ser realizado através da palpação retal, contudo examesradiográficos e ultrassonográficos podem ser utilizados para confirmação dos órgãos envolvidos. Para correçãodesta falha, existem vários tipos de procedimentos cirúrgicos utilizados com bastante eficácia atualmente.Levando-se em consideração que os pacientes geralmente são geriatras e possuem algum comprometimentosistêmico, deve-se buscar o método que seja mais eficaz para resolução do problema. Este trabalho teve comoobjetivo a realização de uma revisão bibliográfica sobre hérnia perineal em cães abordando vários aspectos dadoença como a anatomia da região perineal, epidemiologia, sinais clínicos, diagnóstico, tratamento ecomplicações pós-operatórias

El uso de circunferencias corporales para la predicción de la grasa intra-abdominal en mujeres obesas con el síndrome del ovario poliquístico

Introduction: Computerizd tomography (CT) is the gold standard for the evaluation of intra- (IAF) and total (TAF) abdominal fat; however, the high cost of the procedure and exposure to radiation limit its routine use. Objective: To develop equations that utilize anthropometric measures for the estimate of IAF and TAF in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods: The weight, height, BMI, and abdominal (AC), waist (WC), chest (CC), and neck (NC) circumferences of thirty obese women with PCOS were measured, and their IAF and TAF were analyzed by CT. Results: The anthropometric variables AC, CC, and NC were chosen for the TAF linear regression model because they were better correlated with the fat deposited in this region. The model proposed for TAF (predicted) was: 4.63725 + 0.01483 x AC - 0.00117 x NC - 0.00177 x CC (R-2 = 0.78); and the model proposed for IAF was: IAF (predicted) = 1.88541 + 0.01878 x WC + 0.05687 x NC - 0.01529 x CC (R-2 = 0.51). AC was the only independent predictor of TAF (p &lt; 0.01). Conclusion: The equations proposed showed good correlation with the real value measured by CT, and can be used in clinical practice. (Nutr Hosp. 2012;27:1662-1666) DOI:10.3305/nh.2012.27.5.5933Introducción: La tomografía computarizada (TC) es el estándar de oro para la evaluación de la grasa intra-abdominal (GIA) y abdominal total (GAT), pero los altos costos y la exposición a la radiación limitan su uso rutinario. Objetivo: Desarrollar ecuaciones para la estimación de la GIA y la GAT en mujeres obesas con el síndrome del ovario poliquístico, utilizando medidas antropométricas. Métodos: Se evaluó el peso, la altura, el IMC y las circunferencias abdominal (CA), cintura (CC), pecho (CP) y cuello (Ccu) de 30 mujeres obesas con SOP. La GIA y GAT fueron analizados por la TC. Resultados:El modelo propuesto fue: GAT = 4,63725 + 0,01483 x CA - 0.00117 x CCu - 0,00177 x CP (R2= 0,78); y para la GIA fue: GIA = 1, 88541 + 0, 01878 x CC + 0,05687 x CCu - 0,01529 x CP (R² = 0,51). La CA fue La única variable predictora independiente de la GAT (p < 0,01). Conclusión: Las equaciones propuestas correlacionaronse bien con el valor real, medido a través de la TC, y se puede utilizarlas en la práctica clínica

Spontaneous emission in a planar Fabry-Perot microcavity

Published versio

Plasma cytokine response, lipid peroxidation and NF-κB activation in skeletal muscle following maximum progressive swimming.

Our objective was to determine lipid peroxidation and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation in skeletal muscle and the plasma cytokine profile following maximum progressive swimming. Adult male Swiss mice (N = 15) adapted to the aquatic environment were randomly divided into three groups: immediately after exercise (EX1), 3 h after exercise (EX2) and control. Animals from the exercising groups swam until exhaustion, with an initial workload of 2% of body mass attached to the tail. Control mice did not perform any exercise but were kept immersed in water for 20 min. Maximum swimming led to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in skeletal muscle, as indicated by increased thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) levels (4062.67 ± 1487.10 vs 19,072.48 ± 8738.16 nmol malondialdehyde (MDA)/mg protein, control vs EX1). Exercise also promoted NF-κB activation in soleus muscle. Cytokine secretion following exercise was marked by increased plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels 3 h post-exercise (P < 0.05). Interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels were reduced following exercise and remained reduced 3 h post-exercise (P < 0.05). Plasma levels of other cytokines investigated, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin-12 (IL-12), were not altered by exercise. The present findings showed that maximum swimming, as well as other exercise models, led to lipid peroxidation and NF-κB activation in skeletal muscle and increased plasma IL-6 levels. The plasma cytokine response was also marked by reduced IL-10 levels. These results were attributed to exercise type and intensity