Visible reconstruction by a circular holographic display from digital holograms recorded under infrared illumination

Cataloged from PDF version of article.A circular holographic display that consists of phase-only spatial light modulators is used to reconstruct images in visible light from digital holograms recorded under infrared (10.6 μm) illumination. The reconstruction yields a holographic digital video display of a three-dimensional ghostlike image of an object floating in space where observers can move and rotate around it. © 2012 Optical Society of Americ

Advances in multispectral and hyperspectral imaging for archaeology and art conservation

Multispectral imaging has been applied to the field of art conservation and art history since the early 1990s. It is attractive as a noninvasive imaging technique because it is fast and hence capable of imaging large areas of an object giving both spatial and spectral information. This paper gives an overview of the different instrumental designs, image processing techniques and various applications of multispectral and hyperspectral imaging to art conservation, art history and archaeology. Recent advances in the development of remote and versatile multispectral and hyperspectral imaging as well as techniques in pigment identification will be presented. Future prospects including combination of spectral imaging with other noninvasive imaging and analytical techniques will be discussed

Change in level of productivity in the treatment of schizophrenia with olanzapine or other antipsychotics

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>When treating schizophrenia, improving patients' productivity level is a major goal considering schizophrenia is a leading cause of functional disability. Productivity level has been identified as the most preferred treatment outcome by patients with schizophrenia. However, little has been done to systematically investigate productivity levels in schizophrenia. We set out to better understand the change in productivity level among chronically ill patients with schizophrenia treated with olanzapine compared with other antipsychotic medications. We also assessed the links between productivity level and other clinical outcomes.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>This post hoc analysis used data from 6 randomized, double-blind clinical trials of patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, with each trial being of approximately 6 months duration. Change in productivity level was compared between olanzapine-treated patients (HGBG, n = 172; HGHJ, n = 277; HGJB, n = 171; HGLB, n = 281; HGGN, n = 159; HGDH, n = 131) and patients treated with other antipsychotic medications (separately vs. haloperidol [HGGN, n = 97; HGDH, n = 132], risperidone [HGBG, n = 167; HGGN, n = 158], quetiapine [HGJB, n = 175], ziprasidone [HGHJ, n = 271] and aripiprazole [HGLB, n = 285]). Productivity was defined as functional activities/work including working for pay, studying, housekeeping and volunteer work. Productivity level in the prior 3 months was assessed on a 5-point scale ranging from no useful functioning to functional activity/work 75% to 100% of the time.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Chronically ill patients treated with olanzapine (OLZ) experienced significantly greater improvement in productivity when compared to patients treated with risperidone (RISP) (OLZ = 0.22 ± 1.19, RISP = -0.03 ± 1.17, p = 0.033) or ziprasidone (ZIP) (OLZ = 0.50 ± 1.38, ZIP = 0.25 ± 1.27, p = 0.026), but did not significantly differ from the quetiapine, aripiprazole or haloperidol treatment groups. Among first episode patients, OLZ therapy was associated with greater improvements in productivity levels compared to haloperidol (HAL), during the acute phase (OLZ = -0.31 ± 1.59, HAL = -0.69 ± 1.56, p = 0.011) and over the long-term (OLZ = 0.10 ± 1.50, HAL = -0.32 ± 1.91, p = 0.008). Significantly more chronically ill and first episode patients treated with olanzapine showed moderately high (>50%-75% of the time) and high levels of productivity (>75%-100% of the time) at endpoint, when compared to risperidone or haloperidol-treated patients (p < .05), respectively. Higher productivity level was associated with significantly higher study completion rates and better scores on the positive, negative, disorganized thoughts, hostility and depression subscales of the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Some antipsychotic medications significantly differed in beneficial impact on productivity level in the long-term treatment of patients with schizophrenia. Findings further highlight the link between clinical and functional outcomes, showing significant associations between higher productivity, lower symptom severity and better persistence on therapy.</p> <p>Trial Registration</p> <p>clinicaltrials.gov identifier <a href="http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00088049">NCT00088049</a>; <a href="http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00036088">NCT00036088</a></p

Improvements on a MMI based method for automatic texture mapping of 3D dense models

Maximization of Mutual Information routines proved to be suitable for registration of multimodal images. Here a method is proposed to select, in a set of candidates, the image which has a closer resemblance with a given external one. Such algorithm is intended to serve within a wider scope procedure for the automatic texturing of 3D models, where the initial 2D-3D registration problem is shifted to a 2D-2D registration challenge. In order to improve its performance a number of variations in the way the Mutual Information is computed are introduced and a method to judge its reliability is proposed

Improving on fast and automatic texture mapping of 3D dense models

Not all range devices acquire, along with 3D data, the object's texture. Moreover, not always the desired texture is the visible light image. In such cases, currently, an "a posteriori" texturing of a 3D model is mostly performed in a manual or semi-automated fashion, resulting in a subjective and time consuming operation. Matching homologues points between 2D and 3D data in fact proved to be a more complex operation than image to image, or geometry to geometry registration. The method described in this paper is designed to be fully automated. The software takes as input a generic un-textured 3D model and a nonspecific texture image, which could be different from a visible light photograph, but belong to a set of diagnostic images like X rays, UV light, or IR images. It relies on the creation from the 3D model of several 2D depth maps which retains an exact correspondence with the points of the relief. Each depth map is generated from a different external "view point". The number and location of such viewpoints is determined "a priori", but their final position is to be changed and adjusted on a iterative and automatic base, to assure the possibility of an optimal choice. The selection of the best matching depth map is done by picking the depth map which shows the highest similarity with the texture image, based on a 2D-2D registration procedure performed on all generated depth maps. In order to speed up the procedure, a multi-resolution approach is adopted, where the coarse selection is performed on down-sampled images. Cross correlation and Maximization of Mutual Information (MMI) are here both used as similarity measures, exploiting their different and complementary performances depending on the image size

Enantioselective hydrolysis of epoxides: the employment of the soluble fraction from Vicia sativa seedlings

Biocatalytic hydrolysis of meso and racemic aryl- and alkyl-oxiranes was accomplished by employing the epoxide hydrolase activity of the soluble fraction of Vicia sativa seedlings. Whereas meso epoxides were not hydrolyzed by this fraction, racemic compounds were transformed into the corresponding diols by formal anti-stereoselective water attack. Both substrate and product enantioselectivity were strongly influenced by the chains length and the presence of a hydroxyl group. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved