Gender Based Violence and its Effects on Women’s Reproductive Health: The Case of Hatcliffe, Harare, Zimbabwe

Gender based violence (GBV) negatively impacts on women’s reproductive health (R.H) and is contrary to human rights and RH statutory instruments. The study triangulates quantitative and qualitative research methods with women in the reproductive age group being the target group. The study noted that 95% of the respondents experienced physical violence, 31% rape by a stranger, 92% spousal rape and 65% forced marriages. Socio-cultural, religious, economic and policy implementation factors underlie a culture of silence that prevails among the victims of GBV. The study recommends economic empowerment of women and information, education, counselling pertaining to the negative effects of GBV to both males and females. There is need for education about grievance procedures and scaling up of policy enforcement in order to curb the gruesome effects of GBV. (Afr J Reprod Health 2014; 18[1]: 110-122).Keywords: physical abuse, sexual violence, forced marriages, Hatcliffe, Zimbabw

タンザニアにおける親密な相手からの暴力に関連するメンタルヘルスケアについての看護師・助産師の認識とその関連要因

Although intimate partner violence (IPV) is a significant public health problem in Tanzania, the country\u27s system to provide IPV-related mental healthcare is not sufficiently prepared to respond to IPV care needs. This study aimed to assess nurses\u27 and midwives\u27 awareness of IPV-related mental healthcare and associated factors to encourage care provision. A cross-sectional, anonymous, self-administered survey was conducted among nurses and midwives in health facilities in the Mbeya region, from December 2018 to January 2019. The questions gauged awareness of IPV-related mental disorders, availability of screening tools, confidence in providing IPV-related mental healthcare and the presence of a mental health focal/resource person, in addition to socio-demographic and institutional characteristics. Of 1,321 nurses and midwives in the region, 662 (50.1%) participated in the study, and the analysis included 568 (85.8%) responses without missing values. The median awareness score was 5 (range: 0–6), and 34.0% of the participants were aware of all six examined IPV-related mental health disorders. Separate logistic regression analyses were conducted for those working in hospitals and those working in health centres (HCs), assessing potential factors associated with nurses\u27 and midwives\u27 awareness of IPV-related mental disorders. Among nurses and midwives in hospitals, high professional education (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.207; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.787, 1.852; p = .045) and long work experience (AOR: 1.479; 95% CI: 1.009, 2.169; p = .007) were associated with high awareness of IPV-related mental disorders. For those in HCs, government ownership (AOR: 3.526; 95% CI: 1.082, 11.489; p = .037) and having a mental health focal/resource person (AOR: 3.251; 95% CI: 1.184, 8.932; p = .036) were associated with high awareness of IPV-related mental disorders. Appropriate distribution of mental health focal/resource persons is required for improving awareness of IPV-related mental healthcare provision among nurses and midwives in remote areas of Tanzania.長崎大学学位論文 学位記番号:博(医歯薬)乙第62号 学位授与年月日:令和3年6月2日Author: Joel Seme Ambikile, Sebalda Leshabari, Mayumi OhnishiCitation: Health and Social Care in the Community, 29(4), pp.947-956; 2020Nagasaki University (長崎大学)論文博