As endemias rurais na Folha SA.22 Belém, do projeto RADAM

Utilizando dados sobre as endemias rurais ou seus vetores e os mapas geológico, geomorfológico e de vegetação, foi possível separar áreas onde essas endemias podem ou não ocorrer. A malária não ocorre num tipo de chapada e noutro de várzea. Só estará livre de leishmaniose muco-cutânea a floresta da placínie aluvial. Já a cutânea difusa é restrita a algumas matas de várzea. Os caramujos hospedeiros intermediários da esquitossomose poderão aparecer, depois do desmatamento, em todas as áreas não sujeitas a inundação. A febre amarela tem ocorrido em todas as florestas e até nas matas ciliares das zonas campestres.<br>Using data from endemic diseases from rural areas and their vectors and geologic, geomorphological and vegetation maps it was possible to plot areas where these diseases are possible to occur. Malaria is not found in one type of plateau and in another type of floodplain. Only the floodplains are free of muco-cutaneous leishmaniasis and the diffuse cutaneous form is restricted to some floodplains forest. Snail intermediate host of schistosomiasis can appear, after deforestation, in all areas presently not periodically flooded. Yellow fever has been found in all forest types, including the gallery forest of grasland zones

Novel and highly sensitive SYBR® Green real-time PCR for poxvirus detection in odontocete cetaceans

Poxviruses are emerging pathogens in cetaceans, temporarily named ‘Cetaceanpoxvirus’ (CePV, family Poxviridae), classified into two main lineages: CePV-1 in odontocetes and CePV-2 in mysticetes. Only a few studies performed the molecular detection of CePVs, based on DNA-polymerase gene and/or DNA-topoisomerase I gene amplification. Herein we describe a new real-time PCR assay based on SYBR® Green and a new primer set to detect a 150 bp fragment of CePV DNA-polymerase gene, also effective for conventional PCR detection. The novel real-time PCR was able to detect 5 up to 5×106 copies per reaction of a cloned positive control. Both novel PCR methods were 1000 to 100,000-fold more sensitive than those previously described in the literature. Samples of characteristic poxvirus skin lesions (‘tattoo’) from one Risso's dolphin (Grampus griseus), two striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba) and two Guiana dolphins (Sotalia guianensis) were all positive to both our novel real time- and conventional PCR methods, even though three of these animals (a Risso's dolphin, a striped dolphin, and a Guiana dolphin) were previously negative to the conventional PCRs previously available. To our knowledge, this is the first real-time PCR detection method for Cetaceanpoxvirus, a much more sensitive tool for the detection of CePV-1 infections