264 research outputs found
A Technical Note on Quantum Dots for Multi-Color Fluorescence in situ Hybridization
Quantum dots (Qdots) are semiconductor nanocrystals, which are photo-stable, show bright fluorescence with narrow, symmetric emission spectra and are available in multiple resolvable colors. We established a FISH protocol for the simultaneous visualization of up to 6 different DNA probes differentially labeled with Qdots and with conventional organic fluorochromes. Using a Leica SP5 laser scanning confocal microscope for image capture, we tested various combinations of hapten-labeled probes detected with streptavidin-Qdot525, sheep anti-digoxigenin-Qdot605, rat anti-dinitrophenyl-Qdot655 and goat anti-mouse-Qdot655, respectively, together with FITC-dUTP-, Cy3-dUTP- and Texas Red-dUTP-labeled probes. We further demonstrate that Qdots are suitable for imaging of FISH probes using 4Pi microscopy, which promises to push the resolution limits of light microscopy to 100 nanometers or less when applying a deconvolution algorithm, but requires the use of highly photo-stable fluors. Copyright (C) 2009 S. Karger AG, Base
Einflussfaktoren einer Recyclinggerechten Konstruktion auf die Liniear- und Kreislaufwirtschaft
Die recyclinggerechte Konstruktion ist kein neuer Ansatz dennoch nimmt die Bedeutung stets zu. Die Anforderungen an diese Konstruktionssystematik ändern sich allerdings fortwährend. Die Einflüsse sind vielschichtig und vielseitig. Die wesentlichen Einflüsse aus Technik, Wirtschaft und Recycling werden in diesem Artikel dargestellt, anschließend wird das methodische Vorgehen präsentierte um diese Einflüsse für die Recyclinggerechte Konstruktion aufzubereiten.Design for a Circular Economy is not a new approach but the relevance is rising in a steady pace. The requirements for this design approach are constantly changing. Those influences are complex and versatile. The article shows the main influences from the technical, economic and recycling view, followed by the methodical procedure to generate sufficient information to aid the Design for Circular Economy
Chiral Quark Model with Configuration Mixing
The implications of one gluon exchange generated configuration mixing in the
Chiral Quark Model (QM) with SU(3) and axial U(1) symmetry
breakings are discussed in the context of proton flavor and spin structure as
well as the hyperon -decay parameters. We find that QM
with SU(3) symmetry breaking is able to give a satisfactory unified fit for
spin and quark distribution functions, with the symmetry breaking parameters
, and the mixing angle , both for NMC and the
most recent E866 data. In particular, the agreement with data, in the case of
, F, D, and , is quite striking.Comment: 16 pages, LaTex, Table and Appendix adde
Children as ethnobotanists: methods and local impact of a participatory research project with children on wild plant gathering in the Grosses Walsertal Biosphere Reserve, Austria
Presence of Epstein-Barr virus latency type III at the single cell level in post- transplantation lymphoproliferative disorders and AIDS related lymphomas
AIMS: To investigate the expression pattern of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent genes at the single cell level in post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorders and acquired immunodefiency syndrome (AIDS) related lymphomas, in relation to cellular morphology. METHODS: Nine post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorders and three AIDS related lymphomas were subjected to immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibodies specific for EBV nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1) (2H4), EBNA2 (PE2 and the new rat anti-EBNA2 monoclonal antibodies 1E6, R3, and 3E9), and LMP1 (CS1-4 and S12). Double staining was performed combining R3 or 3E9 with S12. RESULTS: R3 and 3E9 anti-EBNA2 monoclonal antibodies were more sensitive than PE2, enabling the detection of more EBNA2 positive lymphoma cells. Both in post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorders and AIDS related lymphomas, different expression patterns were detected at the single cell level. Smaller neoplastic cells were positive for EBNA2 but negative for LMP1. Larger and more blastic neoplastic cells, sometimes resembling Reed-Sternberg cells, were LMP1 positive but EBNA2 negative (EBV latency type II). Morphologically intermediate neoplastic cells coexpressing EBNA2 and LMP1 (EBV latency type III), were detected using R3 and 3E9, and formed a considerable part of the neoplastic population in four of nine post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorders and two of three AIDS related lymphomas. All samples contained a subpopulation of small tumour cells positive exclusively for Epstein-Barr early RNA and EBNA1. The relation between cellular morphology and EBV expression patterns in this study was less pronounced in AIDS related lymphomas than in post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorders, because the AIDS related lymphomas were less polymorphic than the post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorders. CONCLUSIONS: In post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorders and AIDS related lymphomas, EBV latency type III can be detected by immunohistochemistry in a subpopulation of tumour cells using sensitive monoclonal antibodies R3 and 3E9. Our data suggest that EBV infected tumour cells in these lymphomas undergo gradual changes in the expression of EBV latent genes, and that these changes are associated with changes in cellular morphology
The association between objective walkability, neighborhood socio-economic status, and physical activity in Belgian children
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