Ultrasound thyroid gland volume estimation: a review

It is important to evaluate thyroid size before any thyroid surgical involvement to introduce the minimal invasive surgical procedures and the accuracy of the therapy dosage is directly based on the accuracy of thyroid volume estimation. This paper surveys the volume estimation of thyroid gland with Ultrasound (US). The techniques that have been used in the Ultrasound thyroid volume calculations have been discussed in addition to the data type, situations of application of each medical device with thyroid gland disorder or disease. Besides that, the comparison between the Ultrasound and some other medical devices that are used in the thyroid volume estimation has been made. We conclude by selecting several papers which have presented original ideas that: first, MRI and CT have the highest accuracy in the thyroid gland volume estimation but the Ultrasound still widely and robust procedure that are used for thyroid volume measurements in the routine clinical setting. Second, the automated calculation for the thyroid size improved the estimation results especially for the Ultrasound; third, there are no studies that applied these calculations on the large multinodular goiters because of the US probe foot pad limitation

Morphometry, age and growth of Siganus luridus Rüppell, 1828 and Siganus rivulatus Forsskål, 1775 (Siganidae) in the central Mediterranean (Libyan coast)

Algunos aspectos biológicos de las especies de siganidos en la costa de Libia, fueron estudiados en su morfometría, edad y crecimiento. Dos especies fueron recolectadas entre marzo 2005 y marzo 2006, 1.672 individuos de Siganus rivulatus de la costa oriental y 1.756 individuos de S. luridus de la costa occidental y el Golfo de Sirt. La edad de los especimenes capturados por cada especie se estimó mediante el análisis de los otolitos. Los resultados fueron comparados con los datos disponibles de diferentes localidades del Mediterráneo y del Mar Rojo. La edad de S. rivulatus osciló entre uno a seis años y para S. luridus fue de uno a siete años. Se observó una correlación positiva en las relaciones entre las distintas mediciones morfométricas y el tamaño corporal total de ambas especies. Las funciones de crecimiento de von Bertalanffy se estimaron como LT = 35 (1-e-0.160 (t+1.04)) y LT = 30 (1-e-0.213 (t + 0.784)) para S. rivulatus y S. luridus, respectivamente. Las curvas de crecimiento de von Bertalanffy sugieren tasas de crecimiento más rápidas en S. rivulatus. La relación longitudpeso fue WT = 0.233 LT 2.82 (S. rivulatus) y WT = 0.101 LT 3.23 (S. luridus). Siganus luridus tendría una tasa de crecimiento corporal más rápida que S. rivulatus, lo que podría indicar que está en un ambiente que le otorga mayor suministro de alimento.Some biological aspects of two siganid fish species from the Libyan coast were studied in terms of morphometry, age and growth. Two species were collected, between March 2005 and March 2006, comprising of 1,672 individuals of S. rivulatus from the eastern coastline and 1,756 individuals of S. luridus from the western coast and the Gulf of Sirt. The age of each species was estimated based on otoliths analysis and the results were discussed with data available from different areas of the Mediterranean and Red Seas. The age of S. rivulatus ranged from one to six years and S. luridus from one to seven years. The relationships between different morphometric measurements and total lengths for both species were positively correlated. Von Bertalanffy growth functions were estimated with LT = 35 (1 � e -0.160 (t + 1.04)) and LT = 30 (1 � e-0.213 (t + 0.784)) for S. rivulatus and S. luridus respectively. The von Bertalanffy growth curves suggest faster growth rates for S. rivulatus. The length-weight relationships were WT = 0.233 LT 2.82 (S. rivulatus) and WT = 0.101 LT 3.23 (S. luridus). S. luridus would increase in weight at a more rapid rate than S. rivulatus, and this may point to a lake of suitable food supply for the S. rivulatus individuals in this region