Self-Efficacy After Life Skills Training: A Case-Control Study

Background: Nursing students’ self-efficacy is a predictor for their educational progress. Students, who believe that they can be successful in their studies, are more confident. Therefore, many universities have focused on life skills training programs to improve the mental health of their students. Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate and compare self-efficacy in two groups of nursing students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS). One group of students was trained on life skill programs, and the second group was not trained on the issue. Materials and Methods: A case-control study was conducted on two groups of nursing students in TUMS in the late 2012. The case group (n = 112) had passed life skills training course, and the control group (n = 139) was not trained on the issue. Data was collected using a questionnaire containing 12 questions about demographic features, and the Sherer’s general self-efficacy questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using independent sample t-test, Chi-square, odds ratio, and Fisher’s exact test. Results: In the untrained and trained groups, 23% and 8% of the students had very high self-efficacy, respectively. The overall mean scores of self-efficacy were 41.99 ± 9.31 and 38.99 ± 10.48 in the trained and untrained groups, respectively (P = 0.015), and the higher mean score indicates lower level of self-efficacy. A significant difference was also found between the self-efficacy and family income (P = 0.029). Conclusions: The present study showed that life skills training program did not affect self-efficacy of nursing students. Perhaps, the methods used in education were influencing and then, more effective techniques such as role-play and group discussion should be substituted in life skills training

Iranian staff nurses' views of their productivity and human resource factors improving and impeding it: a qualitative study

BACKGROUND: Nurses, as the largest human resource element of health care systems, have a major role in providing ongoing, high-quality care to patients. Productivity is a significant indicator of professional development within any professional group, including nurses. The human resource element has been identified as the most important factor affecting productivity. This research aimed to explore nurses' perceptions and experiences of productivity and human resource factors improving or impeding it. METHOD: A qualitative approach was used to obtain rich data; open, semi-structured interviews were also conducted. The sampling was based on the maximum variant approach; data analysis was carried out by content analysis, with the constant comparative method. RESULTS: Participants indicated that human resources issues are the most important factor in promoting or impeding their productivity. They suggested that the factors influencing effectiveness of human resource elements include: systematic evaluation of staff numbers; a sound selection process based on verifiable criteria; provision of an adequate staffing level throughout the year; full involvement of the ward sister in the process of admitting patients; and sound communication within the care team. Paying attention to these factors creates a suitable background for improved productivity and decreases negative impacts of human resource shortages, whereas ignoring or interfering with them would result in lowering of nurses' productivity. CONCLUSION: Participants maintained that satisfactory human resources can improve nurses' productivity and the quality of care they provide; thereby fulfilling the core objective of the health care system

Could Nursing Educational Courses Change the Attitudes of Students to Mental Disorders stigma? A Quasi- Experimental Study in Alborz University of Medical Sciences

Introduction: The prevalence mental disorders and its burden in the world is one of the most important challenges for health system and service delivery to people with mental disorders need enough and trained manpower. Stigma of mental disorders not only influence patients and their families but also is a barrier for delivering mental health services to the patients, hence beyond the knowledge and expertise, health care providers must have an appropriate attitude especially toward the stigma of mental disorder. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of mental health related courses of nursing curriculum on the nursing student&rsquo;s attitude about mental disorders in Alborz University of Medical Sciences. Methods: A quasi-experimental study with before and after design was used. All 197 nursing students who had one of the related courses of mental health, were studied for attitudes about mental disorder stigma before and after the semester. Farsi version of OMSHC questionnaire was used to measure nursing student&rsquo;s attitude. One way ANOVAs, Pearson Correlation and Paired T-Test used for Data analysis. Results: Student&rsquo;s attitude about mental health stigma didn&rsquo;t improve after the course lessons. Mental health attitude score was different based on gender (P<0/035) and marital status (P<0.006). There was a weak negative correlation between age and attitude score (r=-0.22, P<0/003). Conclusion: The current educational course and lessons can&rsquo;t improve the nursing student&rsquo;s attitudes about the stigma of mental disorders. To get desired outcomes, changing lesson plans and the presentation styles must be considered

Evaluation of the Master&rsquo;s curriculum for elderly nursing: a qualitative study

Fatemeh Ghaffari,1 Nahid Dehghan-Nayeri,2 Nasrin Navabi,3 Khatereh Seylani4 1Ramsar Nursing Care Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran, 2Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 3Nursing and Midwifery School, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran, 4School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Background: Improving the quality of health care and rehabilitation for the elderly is one of the most important priorities of the health care system. Given the importance of evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of any program after its implementation, this study was conducted to identify the advantages and weaknesses of a geriatric nursing program at Tehran University of Medical Sciences.Methods: This was a qualitative study, and the study population comprised students, graduates, and professors of geriatric nursing at the Master of Science level. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews and focus groups. Sixteen interviews were conducted. The interview guide was used as a research tool. Interviews continued until data saturation was reached. Conventional content analysis was used to analyze the data.Results: Three main themes including &ldquo;motivation to enter geriatric nursing&rdquo;, &ldquo;lack of employment groundwork&rdquo;, and &ldquo;lack of practical implementation of the curriculum&rdquo; were the main findings of the study.Conclusion: Efforts to restructure the administrative system and employment can deter geriatric nursing students from simply earning a degree and actually encourage them to learn the required content. Appraisal and improvement of education facilities for student recruitment can guarantee the practical implementation of the curriculum. Drafting policies to attract graduates in clinical environments, opening up employment opportunities, providing organizational positions for the recruitment of this group, as well as dedicating some wards for elderly special care and providing nursing care to elderly people only can increase students&rsquo; motivation to learn and their hopes of good job prospects. Keywords: Iran, geriatric nursing, content analysis, MS studen

Evaluation of the cause and predisposing factors in neonatal mortality by using international coding diseases version 10 in Valiasr Hospital

Background: According to the fact that the reduction of Neonatal Mortality Rate is correspondent to improvements in health and hygienic status of the society, understanding the major neonatal mortality causes will help the society to plan better prenatal and neonatal care systems. Methods: On this retrospective study, the major causes of the mortality of the dead neonates were extracted from files of Vali-Asr hospital according to the International Coding of Disease Ver 10 (ICD10). Data were analyzed in proportion to gestational age , birth weight , gender and neonatal age. Findings: Mortality rate was higher during the first week of life (78%). Generally five main causes of death were; prematurity, respiratory distress syndrome, intra cerebral hemorrhage, multiple congenital anomalies and air leak syndromes. It was also revealed that the causes of death of low birth weight neonates were similar to those of premature neonates (respiratory distress syndrome, prematurity, intra cerebral hemorrhage, septicemia and air leak syndromes). Similarly there was no difference between the causes the of death in mature neonates and appropriate for growth age neonates. The main causes of death in these two groups were; congenital disease, infections (septicemia and Pneumonia), asphyxia, diffuse intra vascular coagulation, intra cerebral hemorrhage, meconium aspiration and complications of pregnancy. Data analysis indicated significant relationships between death and gestational age, neonatal age and birth weight (P=0.001) but it was not related to gender. Conclusions: With due attention to the easy application of ICD 10 for determining the major and underlying causes of death of neonates and the fact that autopsy is not routinely applicable in neonatology wards, routine using of ICD 10 for classifying the causes of death in death certificates is highly recommended

Communication behaviors in nursing homes in South-East Iran: An ethnographic study

Background: Because of the increasing number of the elderly, the need for care in aged nursing homes (NHs) is increasing. As a cultural perspective toward care is new, it is very important to understand the communication behavior of the elderly in various cultures. This study aimed to explore the communication behaviors among the elderly in NHs in Kerman, Iran. Materials and Methods: This ethnographic focused study was conducted on 25 staff members and 8 residents in two NHs in 2015. Data were collected through observation of the participants, field notes, and semi-structured deep interviews in Kerman. Cuba and Lincoln method was used to ensure the trustworthiness of the data. The collected data were analyzed through content analysis. Results: By analyzing primary codes, 3 categories and 8 subcategories were extracted through content analysis including fluctuation in communication (task-oriented communication, avoidance of communication, and establishment of effective communication), artificial collaboration (fake friendships, jealousy, and its consequences, and cooperation in concealing error), and lack of collaboration among team members (fragmented teamwork, extreme working conditions, and physical burnout among the elderly). Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that communication problems between caregivers and the elderly are high. Thus, it is necessary that people who care for elderly indiviuals are trained regarding special communication strategies and skills, and they are not influenced by fatigue and burnout resulting from caring

Evidence-based practice for cardiac intensive care unit nurses: An educational intervention study

Background: This study examined the effectiveness of two educational methods on nurses� skills and commitment to implementing evidence-based practice (EBP). Method: Ninety nurses were randomly assigned to three groups. Participants in the workshop group took part in a 2-day training course, participants in the multimedia group received educational content through video, and participants in the control group did not receive any training content. The nurses� skills and commitment to implement EBP were assessed at baseline and 1 month after the teaching sessions. Results: The EBP skills of nurses in the intervention groups were significantly enhanced compared with nurses in the control group (p .05). Conclusion: Different methods of training can be useful in improving nurses� EBP skills; however, the participants� commitment to implement EBP did not change considerably. Because of its cost effectiveness, the multimedia method should be con-sidered for use in nurse training. © SLACK Incorporated