Double Think: The Cinema and Magic Lantern Culture

"Celebrating 1895" includes 27 of the finest papers presented at The Centenary of Cinema conference in June 1995. The first part discusses the reception of film as a new technology in the early part of the 20th century. The second focuses on exhibition and audiences. The relation of early film to popular culture forms the third part of the book, and through examining the way in which film as a new medium threw earlier definitions of the public and private sphere into disarray. The final part examines issues in the formal development of the medium and the response to initiatives arising from the 'new film history'

The Public Exhibition of Moving Pictures Before 1986

This article is an attempt to refresh our ideas of how moving pictures were invented and first seen. It is also an attempt to find one new way — of many possible ways — of discussing the earliest moving pictures, and in so doing to think again about which inventors or pioneers were significant in developing moving image culture

Serpentine Dance: Inter-National Connections in Early Cinema

Text for the Honorary Research Fellow Lecture given at Goldsmith’s College, University of London, 27 October 1998, and later published under the above title as Occasional Papers in Modern Languages, Culture and Society, Issue No. 1, May 1999, by the Department of European Languages, Goldsmiths College, University of London

Nuernberg and the Bull's-Eye Magic Lantern

This is a revised and expanded version of an article first published in New Magic Lantern Journal, Vol. 9 No. 5 (Winter 2003), pp. 71-75, as “Some Thoughts on the Bull’s-Eye Magic Lantern"

Field dependence of the electronic phase separation in Pr0.67Ca0.33MnO3 by small angle magnetic neutron scattering

We have studied by small angle neutron scattering the evolution induced by the application of magnetic field of the coexistence of ferromagnetism (F) and antiferromagnetism (AF) in a crystal of Pr$_{0.67}$Ca$_{0.33}$MnO$_3$. The results are compared to magnetic measurements which provide the evolution of the ferromagnetic fraction. These results show that the growth of the ferromagnetic phase corresponds to an increase of the thickness of the ferromagnetic ''cabbage'' sheets

Study of Percolative Transitions with First-Order Characteristics in the Context of CMR Manganites

The unusual magneto-transport properties of manganites are widely believed to be caused by mixed-phase tendencies and concomitant percolative processes. However, dramatic deviations from "standard" percolation have been unveiled experimentally. Here, a semi-phenomenological description of Mn oxides is proposed based on coexisting clusters with smooth surfaces, as suggested by Monte Carlo simulations of realistic models for manganites, also briefly discussed here. The present approach produces fairly abrupt percolative transitions and even first-order discontinuities, in agreement with experiments. These transitions may describe the percolation that occurs after magnetic fields align the randomly oriented ferromagnetic clusters believed to exist above the Curie temperature in Mn oxides. In this respect, part of the manganite phenomenology could belong to a new class of percolative processes triggered by phase competition and correlations.Comment: 4 pages, 4 eps figure

Phase Separation and the Low-Field Bulk Magnetic Properties of Pr0.7Ca0.3MnO3

We present a detailed magnetic study of the perovskite manganite Pr0.7Ca0.3MnO3 at low temperatures including magnetization and a.c. susceptibility measurements. The data appear to exclude a conventional spin glass phase at low fields, suggesting instead the presence of correlated ferromagnetic clusters embedded in a charge-ordered matrix. We examine the growth of the ferromagnetic clusters with increasing magnetic field as they expand to occupy almost the entire sample at H ~ 0.5 T. Since this is well below the field required to induce a metallic state, our results point to the existence of a field-induced ferromagnetic insulating state in this material.Comment: 15 pages with figures, submitted to Physical Review

Magnetic relaxation in La0.250Pr0.375Ca0.375MnO3 with varying phase separation

We have studied the magnetic relaxation properties of the phase-separated manganite compound La0.250Pr0.375Ca0.375MnO3 . A series of polycrystalline samples was prepared with different sintering temperatures, resulting in a continuous variation of phase fraction between metallic (ferromagnetic) and charge-ordered phases at low temperatures. Measurements of the magnetic viscosity show a temperature and field dependence which can be correlated to the static properties. Common to all the samples, there appears to be two types of relaxation processes - at low fields associated with the reorientation of ferromagnetic domains and at higher fields associated with the transformation between ferromagnetic and non-ferromagnetic phases.Comment: 30 pages with figures, PDF, accepted to be published in Physical Review