202 research outputs found
Context-Free Path Queries on RDF Graphs
Navigational graph queries are an important class of queries that canextract
implicit binary relations over the nodes of input graphs. Most of the
navigational query languages used in the RDF community, e.g. property paths in
W3C SPARQL 1.1 and nested regular expressions in nSPARQL, are based on the
regular expressions. It is known that regular expressions have limited
expressivity; for instance, some natural queries, like same generation-queries,
are not expressible with regular expressions. To overcome this limitation, in
this paper, we present cfSPARQL, an extension of SPARQL query language equipped
with context-free grammars. The cfSPARQL language is strictly more expressive
than property paths and nested expressions. The additional expressivity can be
used for modelling graph similarities, graph summarization and ontology
alignment. Despite the increasing expressivity, we show that cfSPARQL still
enjoys a low computational complexity and can be evaluated efficiently.Comment: 25 page
On large deviation properties of Erdos-Renyi random graphs
We show that large deviation properties of Erd\"os-R\'enyi random graphs can
be derived from the free energy of the -state Potts model of statistical
mechanics. More precisely the Legendre transform of the Potts free energy with
respect to is related to the component generating function of the graph
ensemble. This generalizes the well-known mapping between typical properties of
random graphs and the limit of the Potts free energy. For
exponentially rare graphs we explicitly calculate the number of components, the
size of the giant component, the degree distributions inside and outside the
giant component, and the distribution of small component sizes. We also perform
numerical simulations which are in very good agreement with our analytical
work. Finally we demonstrate how the same results can be derived by studying
the evolution of random graphs under the insertion of new vertices and edges,
without recourse to the thermodynamics of the Potts model.Comment: 38 pages, 9 figures, Latex2e, corrected and extended version
including numerical simulation result
Disorder, Order, and Domain Wall Roughening in the 2d Random Field Ising Model
Ground states and domain walls are investigated with exact combinatorial
optimization in two-dimensional random field Ising magnets. The ground states
break into domains above a length scale that depends exponentially on the
random field strength squared. For weak disorder, this paramagnetic structure
has remnant long-range order of the percolation type. The domain walls are
super-rough in ordered systems with a roughness exponent close to 6/5.
The interfaces exhibit rare fluctuations and multiscaling reminiscent of some
models of kinetic roughening and hydrodynamic turbulence.Comment: to be published in Phys.Rev.E/Rapid.Com
Involvement of PrPC in kainate-induced excitotoxicity in several mouse strains
The cellular prion protein (PrPC) has been associated with a plethora of cellular functions ranging from cell cycle to neuroprotection. Mice lacking PrPC show an increased susceptibility to epileptic seizures; the protein, then, is neuroprotective. However, lack of experimental reproducibility has led to considering the possibility that other factors besides PrPC deletion, such as the genetic background of mice or the presence of so-called "Prnp flanking genes", might contribute to the reported susceptibility. Here, we performed a comparative analysis of seizure-susceptibility using characterized Prnp(+/+) and Prnp(0/0) mice of B6129, B6.129, 129/Ola or FVB/N genetic backgrounds. Our study indicates that PrPC plays a role in neuroprotection in KA-treated cells and mice. For this function, PrPC should contain the aa32-93 region and needs to be linked to the membrane. In addition, some unidentified "Prnp-flanking genes" play a role parallel to PrPC in the KA-mediated responses in B6129 and B6.129 Prnp(0/0) mice
Multifractals of Normalized First Passage Time in Sierpinski Gasket
The multifractal behavior of the normalized first passage time is
investigated on the two dimensional Sierpinski gasket with both absorbing and
reflecting barriers. The normalized first passage time for Sinai model and the
logistic model to arrive at the absorbing barrier after starting from an
arbitrary site, especially obtained by the calculation via the Monte Carlo
simulation, is discussed numerically. The generalized dimension and the
spectrum are also estimated from the distribution of the normalized first
passage time, and compared with the results on the finitely square lattice.Comment: 10 pages, Latex, with 3 figures and 1 table. to be published in J.
Phys. Soc. Jpn. Vol.67(1998
FORGE'd in FIRE: Resolving the End of Star Formation and Structure of AGN Accretion Disks from Cosmological Initial Conditions
It has recently become possible to zoom-in from cosmological to sub-pc scales
in galaxy simulations to follow accretion onto supermassive black holes
(SMBHs). However, at some point the approximations used on ISM scales (e.g.
optically-thin cooling and stellar-population-integrated star formation [SF]
and feedback [FB]) break down. We therefore present the first cosmological
radiation-magnetohydrodynamic (RMHD) simulation which self-consistently
combines the FIRE physics (relevant on galactic/ISM scales where SF/FB are
ensemble-averaged) and STARFORGE physics (relevant on small scales where we
track individual (proto)stellar formation and evolution), together with
explicit RMHD (including non-ideal MHD and multi-band M1-RHD) which
self-consistently treats both optically-thick and thin regimes. This allows us
to span scales from ~100 Mpc down to <100 au (~300 Schwarzschild radii) around
a SMBH at a time where it accretes as a bright quasar, in a single simulation.
We show that accretion rates up to can
be sustained into the accretion disk at , with
gravitational torques between stars and gas dominating on sub-kpc scales until
star formation is shut down on sub-pc scales by a combination of optical depth
to cooling and strong magnetic fields. There is an intermediate-scale,
flux-frozen disk which is gravitoturbulent and stabilized by magnetic pressure
sustaining strong turbulence and inflow with persistent spiral modes. In this
paper we focus on how gas gets into the small-scale disk, and how star
formation is efficiently suppressed.Comment: 37 pages, 18 figures. Submitted to The Open Journal of Astrophysics.
Comments welcom
The Computational Complexity of Generating Random Fractals
In this paper we examine a number of models that generate random fractals.
The models are studied using the tools of computational complexity theory from
the perspective of parallel computation. Diffusion limited aggregation and
several widely used algorithms for equilibrating the Ising model are shown to
be highly sequential; it is unlikely they can be simulated efficiently in
parallel. This is in contrast to Mandelbrot percolation that can be simulated
in constant parallel time. Our research helps shed light on the intrinsic
complexity of these models relative to each other and to different growth
processes that have been recently studied using complexity theory. In addition,
the results may serve as a guide to simulation physics.Comment: 28 pages, LATEX, 8 Postscript figures available from
[email protected]
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