Enzymatic Glucose Based Bio batteries: Bioenergy to Fuel Next Generation Devices

[EN] This article consists of a review of the main concepts and paradigms established in the field of biological fuel cells or biofuel cells. The aim is to provide an overview of the current panorama, basic concepts, and methodologies used in the field of enzymatic biofuel cells, as well as the applications of these bio-systems in flexible electronics and implantable or portable devices. Finally, the challenges needing to be addressed in the development of biofuel cells capable of supplying power to small size devices with applications in areas related to health and well-being or next-generation portable devices are analyzed. The aim of this study is to contribute to biofuel cell technology development; this is a multidisciplinary topic about which review articles related to different scientific areas, from Materials Science to technology applications, can be found. With this article, the authors intend to reach a wide readership in order to spread biofuel cell technology for different scientific profiles and boost new contributions and developments to overcome future challenges.Financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and University, through the State Program for Talent and Employability Promotion 2013-2016 by means of Torres Quevedo research contract in the framework of Bio2 project (PTQ-14-07145) and from the Instituto Valenciano de Competitividad Empresarial-IVACE-GVA (BioSensCell project)Buaki-Sogo, M.; García-Carmona, L.; Gil Agustí, MT.; Zubizarreta Saenz De Zaitegui, L.; García Pellicer, M.; Quijano-Lopez, A. (2020). Enzymatic Glucose Based Bio batteries: Bioenergy to Fuel Next Generation Devices. Topics in Current Chemistry (Online). 378(6):1-28. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41061-020-00312-8S1283786Schlögl R (2015) The revolution continues: Energiewende 2.0. 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Granular cell schwanoma : a case report

Granular cell schwanomma is a rare benign tumor that has been reported sporadically. Our case was a 38 year old man with a pink to yellow small lump of 5mm in right buccal mucosa without any complaint of pain or hemorrhage. Microscopic evaluations showed malpighian epithelium with intense hyperplasia in some parts. In underlying connective tissue a new formed tissue is seen with cytoplasmic giant cells. Any malignancy was reported. In this article, clinical and microscopic characteristics as well as misdiagnosis of the disease are discussed

An investigation on the stimulated salivary flow rate in menopause and post menopause women

Statement of Problem: Menopause can exert extensive somatic and psychological effects on women at this stage including: oral complaints such as dry mouth, glossodynia, viscous saliva, although these findings should be studied further."nPurpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the stimulated salivary flow rate of 158 menopause and post menopause women."nMaterial and Methods: In this cross- sectional and analytic- descriptive study, 158 women, at post menopause stage, were selected as case group. The controls consisted of 83 same aged men. None of the subjects had any systemic disease and did not use any drugs. Age range, in both groups, was 50-69 years old. Psychical condition of two groups, were compared by HADSCALE test. Oral symptoms were also compared and evaluated. In order to analyze the results, "t" and "Mann- Whitney" tests were used. Results: No significant difference was found between two groups regarding the quantity of stimulated saliva and psychological condition, but the incidence of oral symptoms in case group was significantly higher than the control group (P=0.002)."nConclusion: Based on this study, although oral symptoms have a significant relation with menopause, can not be attributed to the quantity of saliva or psychical condition. In order to find the underlying reasons, more investigations should be performed on quality changes of saliva or other factors

Life quality of cancer patient with or without self awareness

Background and Objective: Disclosure of cancer is one the main challenges in caring of patients with cancer, since it may have adverse effects on the patients quality of life. This study was done to determine life quality of cancer patient with or without self awareness. Materials and Methods: This case – control study was conducted on 300 cancer patients in Shahid Ghazi-Tabatabaei hospital in Tabriz, Iran during 2009. The cancer patients included 150 subjects aware of their cancer diagnosis as cases and 150 unaware patients as controls. The patient's quality of life was assessed Using EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS-17 and student’s t-test. Results: The mean±SD of quality of life among aware and unaware patients were 64.18±18.85 and 65.16±19.02, respectively. There was no significant difference of quality of life between two groups. Life social dimension in unaware patients significantly was more than aware patients (P<0.05). Conclusion: Patients awareness of cancer have no effect on their quality of life

HALF-DOSE DEPOT TRIPTORELIN COMPARABLE TO REDUCED DAILY BUSERELIN: A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL

Pituitary suppression by depot GnRH agonist may be excessive for ovarian stimulation. This study compares the efficacy of a single half-dose depot triptorelin and reduced-dose daily buserelin in a long protocol ICSI/ET. METHODS: A total of 182 patients were randomized into two groups using sealed envelopes. Pituitary desensitization was obtained in group 1 (91 patients) with half-dose (1.87 mg) depot triptorelin in the mid-luteal phase of their menstrual cycle, and in group 2 (91 patients) with standard daily dose (0.5 mg) buserelin, which was then reduced to 0.25 mg at the start of human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG) stimulation. RESULTS: No significant differences were found among those who received HCG in terms of clinical pregnancy rate (34.4% in both groups), implantation rate (14.8% in group 1 versus 11.1% in group 2), fertilization rate (93.3 versus 95.6%), poor response rate (11.1 versus 6.7%), and miscarriage rate (11.1 versus 7.8%). No significant differences were seen in number of HMG ampoules used, follicles at HCG administration, and oocytes retrieved. The number of days of stimulation was significantly reduced in group 2 (11.2 +/- 1.8 in group 1 versus 10.6 +/- 1.9, p = 0.030). CONCLUSION: A half-dose of depot triptorelin can be successfully used in ovarian stimulation instead of reduced-dose daily buserelin, with more patient comfort and reduced stress and cost of injections

The effect of Aqueous, Ethanolic extracts ofRheum ribeson insulin sensitivity, inflammation, oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Type 2 diabetes mellitus, one of the most common chronic metabolic disorders, occurs when the body is unable to utilize insulin effectively. Hyperglycemia, one of the most common characteristics of diabetes, is related to the development of several diabetic adverse effects, which lead to an elevation in oxidative stress and inflammation responses. Among the current therapeutic options, such as hypoglycemic drugs and insulin therapy, which have limitations, there has been much attention given to the use of traditional medicinal plant that modulate hyperglycemia, inflammation, improve oxidative stress, and prevent diabetes-induced complications. Therefore, the aim of the current study is to investigate whether the consumption of aqueous and ethanolic Rheum extractions improve insulin sensitivity, inflammation and oxidative status in subjects with T2DM. Sixty patients with T2DM (male and female) were recruited in this double-blind, randomized and controlled clinical trial from the Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. The participants were randomly allocated into three groups aqueous extract (n = 20), ethanolic extract (n = 20) and control (n = 20) who were given three Rheum ribes capsules daily for 6 weeks. A significant elevation in the quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (QUICKI) was observed at the end of study in the aqueous extracts (P = 0.03) and also ethanolic extracts (P = 0.01) of Rheum extract groups compared to initial values. At the end of study, there was also a significant reduction in levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in ethanolic extracts (P = 0.002) compared to initial values; however, intervention with aqueous extracts had no effect on malondialdehyde. There was also a significant reduction of high sensitivity C-reactive protein in ethanolic extracts (P = 0.001) and aqueous extracts (P = 0.001) groups at the end of study compared to initial values. At the end of the study, there were significant differences in the insulin, ethanolic extract group compared to control group. It appears that the ethanolic extract is more effective than the aqueous extract of Rheum ribes in diabetic patients. Rheum ribes intake may have favorable effects on insulin sensitivity, malondialdehyde and high sensitivity C-reactive protein in diabetic patients. © 2020 Elsevier Gmb

The effects of letrozole and clomiphene citrate on ligands expression of Wnt3, Wnt7a, and Wnt8b in proliferative endometrium of women with Polycystic ovarian syndrome

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinologic disorder in women of reproductive age characterized by polycystic ovaries, oligo/anovulation, and hyperandrogenism. Not only anovulation but also endometrial dysfunction can reduce fertility in PCOS patients. Wnt pathway is responsible for endometrial proliferation which be strongly regulated by estradiol. To determine the effects of clomiphene citrate (CC) and letrozole, we measured the expression of some main ligands of Wnt/β-catenin signaling including Wnt7a, Wnt3, and Wnt8b in the endometrial samples taken from PCOS women on day 12 of the menses who received 100 mg CC or 5 mg letrozole as well as from women without treatment. Significantly, the mean estrogen and progesterone concentration were lower and higher, respectively, in letrozole than CC. The mean endometrial thickness (ET) was significantly greater in letrozole compared to CC. Assessment of the mRNA and protein expression of Wnt7a, Wnt3, and Wnt8b showed significantly lower expression in CC than the letrozole and control groups. Collectively, letrozole provided a better molecular response in the endometrium of PCOS patients during the proliferative phase, similar to natural cycles, compared to CC. CC decreased the ligands expression of Wnt3, Wnt7a, and Wnt8b, resulting in endometrial dysfunction. © 2018, © 2018 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group

The effects of letrozole and clomiphene citrate on ligands expression of Wnt3, Wnt7a, and Wnt8b in proliferative endometrium of women with Polycystic ovarian syndrome

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinologic disorder in women of reproductive age characterized by polycystic ovaries, oligo/anovulation, and hyperandrogenism. Not only anovulation but also endometrial dysfunction can reduce fertility in PCOS patients. Wnt pathway is responsible for endometrial proliferation which be strongly regulated by estradiol. To determine the effects of clomiphene citrate (CC) and letrozole, we measured the expression of some main ligands of Wnt/β-catenin signaling including Wnt7a, Wnt3, and Wnt8b in the endometrial samples taken from PCOS women on day 12 of the menses who received 100�mg CC or 5�mg letrozole as well as from women without treatment. Significantly, the mean estrogen and progesterone concentration were lower and higher, respectively, in letrozole than CC. The mean endometrial thickness (ET) was significantly greater in letrozole compared to CC. Assessment of the mRNA and protein expression of Wnt7a, Wnt3, and Wnt8b showed significantly lower expression in CC than the letrozole and control groups. Collectively, letrozole provided a better molecular response in the endometrium of PCOS patients during the proliferative phase, similar to natural cycles, compared to CC. CC decreased the ligands expression of Wnt3, Wnt7a, and Wnt8b, resulting in endometrial dysfunction. © 2018 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Grou