Subklinik mastitisli Anadolu mandalarında epidermal büyüme faktörü değerlerinin (EGF) araştırılması

Subclinical mastitis (SCM) is a serious disease of farm animals. There are many studies on SCM that aim to make the diagnosis practical, economical and reliable. It was the aim of the present study comparison of epidermal growth factors (EGF) ratios in animals with and without subclinical mastitis as an indictor of SCM in Anatolian water buffaloes. A study was carried out in a total of on 35 milk samples from 20 healthy and 15 mastitic mammary quarters of clinical healthy and nonpregnant buffaloes. Samples were examined using California mastitis test (CMT) as cow side test to detect of SCM before being transferred to the laboratory. Microbiological culture was also performed to determine bacterial contamination. Level of EGF and somatic cell count (SCC) was determined in all samples. As a result of the comparison of the EGF concentration between the SCM (+) and SCM (-) groups, the SCM (+) group was found to be higher than the SCM (-) group. EGF tests may be a useful tool in determining subclinical mastitis.Subklinik mastitis (SKM), çiftlik hayvanlarının ciddi bir hastalığıdır. Subklinik mastitis tanısının pratik, ekonomik ve güvenilir olmasını amaçlayan birçok çalışma vardır. Bu çalışmada Anadolu mandalarında SKM'in bir göstergesi olarak subklinik mastitis olan ve olmayan hayvanlarda epidermal büyüme faktörleri (EGF) oranlarının karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma klinik olarak sağlıklı ve gebe olmayan 20 sağlıklı ve 15 mastitisli meme lobundan alınan toplam 35 süt örneğinde yürütülmüştür. Süt örnekleri alınır alınmaz, laboratuvara transferi gerçekleştirilmeden önce Kaliforniya mastitis test (CMT) ile saha koşullarında SKM tespiti yapıldı. Bakteriyel kontaminasyonu belirlemek amacıyla mikrobiyolojik kültür yapıldı. Tüm örneklerde EGF düzeyi ve somatik hücre sayısı (SCC) belirlendi. EGF konsantrasyonunun SKM (+) ve SKM (-) grupları arasındaki karşılaştırma sonucunda, SKM (+) grubunun SKM (-) grubundan daha yüksek olduğu bulundu. EGF testlerinin subklinik mastitisin belirlenmesinde yararlı bir araç olabileceği kanısına varılmıştır

A Case of Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome in a 1-Year Old Boy with Otitis Media

WOS:000449352600003Introduction: Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS), also known as Ritter’s Disease, is a severe disease seen mostly in newborns and children aged 5 years, and the mortality rate might reach to 4% despite an appropriate treatment. Exfoliative toxins cause intraepidermal separation in the stratum granulosum and lead to a condition that is characterized with widespread epidermolysis all over the body and bullae with positive Nikolsky’s sign. SSSS might be fatal due to loss of skin barrier. Immediate initiation of an anti-staphylococcal drug therapy is required for the treatment of this toxin-dependent disease, which is one of the emergencies of dermatology practices. Case Report: A 1-year-old boy was referred to a dermatology clinic from pediatric emergency service with widespread epidermolysis all over the body, including erosion and bullous formation that had been appeared in the inguinal region. SSSS was suspected in this case, and skin biopsy was performed to confirm the diagnosis. He was hospitalized in the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Service, and treatment comprising intravenous administration of (i.v.) vancomycin (40 mg/kg/day) and 3 gIVIG ( intravenous immunoglobulin) was initiated. Conclusion: Staphylococcus aureus, a rather rare agent of otitis media, is remarkable in terms of causing the complication of SSSS, which is very rare. In our case report, we aimed to remark to this rare condition (association of otitis media and SSSS). Keywords: Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, Staphylococcus aureus, otitis media

A case of entecavir-associated bullous fixed drug eruption and a review of literature

WOS:000462167400013PubMed ID: 30459136Fixed drug eruption (FDE) is a type of drug reaction characterized by localized erythema, hyperpigmentation, and bullous at the samesite(s), generally observed following every intake of a causative drug. Delayed-type cellular hypersensitivity (Type IVC) is considered toplay a role in FDE etiology. Several antibiotics, barbiturates, oral contraceptives, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, laxative-containing phenolphthalein, metronidazole, and quinine are known to be the primary drugs responsible for FDE. Bullous FDE, on the otherhand, is a relatively rare form of FDE. Hepatitis B is a significant worldwide health problem, and entecavir is a common nucleoside(deoxyguanosine) analog used for treating hepatitis B; however, it has various side effects, such as lactic acidosis, myalgia, azotemia,hypophosphatemia, headache, diarrhea, pancreatitis, and neuropathy, and, in rare cases, cutaneous drug eruption. Our aim is to presenta case of entecavir-associated bullous drug reaction, which has not been reported in the literature. Furthermore, we performed a reviewof literature to compile previously reported entecavir-associated drug reactions

Köpek, kedi ve insan orijinli enterococcus feacium izolatlarinın biofilm üretimi, genotip ve antibiyotik direnç profillerinin]

The aim of the study was to determine the biofilm production, genotypes, antibiotics resistance patterns and antibiotypes of 82 Enterococcus faecium strains isolated from dog, cat and human. Of examined strains biofilm production detected totally 72 (87.8%) in 35 (97.2%) dog, 22 (78.6%) cat and 15 (83.3%) human isolates. Genotyping of isolates was performed by RAPD-PCR and 16, 3 and 4 different profiles were detected in dog, cat and human isolates, respectively. In total of 98.8% with a maximum resistance to nalidixic acid and 4.9% with the lowest resistance to vancomycin was found. None of vancomycin resistance 4 isolates, vancomycin resistance genes (vanA, vanB, vanC1/C2 or vanD) has been detected. Antibiotyping of isolates was performed with UPGMA and 5 groups of dog, 10 groups of cat and 7 groups of human isolates were determined. The results from this study indicate that healthy dogs and cats are a source of Antibiotic resistant enterococci and may act as a reservoir of resistance that can be transferred from pets to people. Also our results demonstrated that the phenotype and genotype patterns found among enterococci strains from dogs, cats and humans were heterogeneous

Hirudoterapiye Bağlı Kutanöz Psödolenfoma

Pseudolymphoma, also known as Jessner’s lymphocytic infiltration, is a benign but usually chronic, T-cell infiltrating diseasewith erythematous papules and plaques usually seen on the skin of the face, neck, and back. The use of leech therapy also knownas hirudotherapy has increased in recent years. Here, we report a 52-year-old male patient who had undergone hirudotherapy inhis neck and developed infiltrating plaques after four months. A skin biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of Jessner’s lymphocyticinfiltration. In parallel with the increasing use of hirudotherapy in recent years, the side-effect reports will likely to increase.Indications and contraindications of hirudotherapy, which is being used officially in hospitals, should be taken into consideration.Psödolenfoma diğer adıyla Jessner’in lenfositik infiltrasyonu; genellikle yüz, boyun ve sırtta görülebilen, eritematöz papül veplaklarla seyreden, derinin benign; ancak genellikle kronik, enfiltratif bir T-hücre hastalığıdır. Hirudoterapi olarak da bilinensülüklerle tedavinin kullanımı son yıllarda giderek artmaya başlamıştır. Bu yazıda, dört ay önce boynuna hirudoterapi yaptırmışve sonrasında enfiltratif plaklar gelişmiş 52 yaşında bir erkek olgu bildiriyoruz. Deri biyopsisi ile Jessner’in lenfositik infiltrasyonutanısı doğrulanmıştır. Son yıllarda giderek artan kullanıma paralel olarak hirudoterapinin yan etki bildirimlerinin artacağımuhtemeldir. Hastanelerde de resmi olarak kullanılmaya başlanan hirudoterapinin endikasyonları ve kontrendikasyonları gözönünde tutulmalıdır

Characterization of Enterococcus faecalis isolates originating from different sources for their virulence factors and genes, antibiotic resistance patterns, genotypes and biofilm production

In this study, 72 Enterococcus faecalis isolates originating from humans (n=39), dogs (n=26) and cats (n=7) were investigated for some virulence factors, some virulence genes, antibiotic resistance phenotypes, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) patterns and biofilm production. Of the isolates, 31 (43.1%) were positive for gelatinase, 11(15.3%) for aggregation substance and cytolysine, 38 (52.8%) for gelE and 34 (47.2%) for asal genes. All isolates were found to be negative for hyl, esp and cylA genes. All isolates were found to be resistant to nalidixic acid and kanamycin. On the other hand, all isolates were cited for susceptible to amoxicillin. Vancomycin resistance genes (vanA, vanB, vanC I/C2 or vanD) have not been detected in any of the phenotypically vancomycin resistant isolates. Isolates from humans, dogs and cats were grouped into 8, 2 and 4 antibiotypes depending upon susceptibilities to 12 different antibiotics. In all human, dog and cat isolates, 9, 12 and 2 genotypes were determined by RAPD-PCR, respectively. Nine (34.6%) of the dog isolates were found to be positive for biofilm production. This study showed that multiple antibiotic resistance among human isolates is more frequent than in dog and cat isolates

Papüler müsinozis: İki olgu sunumu

Papular mucinosis (PM) (lichen myxoedematosus) is a unique, chronic idiopathic disease characterized by lichenoid papules or nodules due todermal mucin deposition and a variable degree of fibrosis. PM is a quite rare disease of unknown etiology, with fewer than one hundred andfifty cases reported. In this paper, we present two cases of PM with no associated monoclonal gammopathy in two male patients aged 75 and38 years, for its rare occurrence in the literature.Papüler müsinozis (PM) (liken miksödematozis) likenoid papüller ve nodüller, dermal müsin birikimi ve değişken derecedeki fibrozis ile karakterizederinin oldukça nadir, kronik ve idiyopatik bir hastalığıdır. PM etiyolojisi bilinmeyen, literatürde yüz elli olgudan daha az bildirilmiş olan, oldukçanadir görülen bir hastalıktır. Literatürde seyrek görülmesi nedeniyle ek bir hastalıkla ilişkili olmayan iki PM olgumuzu sunmak istedik. Burada, 75ve 38 yaşında iki erkek PM’li hasta monoklonal gammopati olmaksızın nadir olarak görüldüğünden dolayı sunulmaktadır

Colistin Resistance Profiles and Genotypes of Escherichia coil Isolates from Dogs and Cats

Background: Nowadays, antibiotic resistance has become an important problem, posing a serious threat to both human and animal medicine. Colistin is one of the last-resort drugs for the treatment of particularly caused by multidrug resistant bacteria. The aim of this study was to investigate the resistance of Escherichia coli strains against colistin and the presence of colistin resistance genes (mcr1, mcr2 and mcr3) in them. Antibiotyping and genotyping of all strains was also aimed. Materials, Methods & Results: A total of 75 isolates of Escherichia coli from healthy animals (38 dogs and 37 cats) were screened for colistin resistance by cultivation in a screening agar and then microbroth dilution method was performed. Antibiotic susceptibilities of the isolates were determined by KBDDM. The presences of mcr1, mcr2 and mcr3 genes were investigated by PCR. The colistin resistant strains were genotyped by using RAPD-PCR, and antibiotyped based on resistance profiles. In the screening test, 1 strain in cats and 2 strains in dogs were colistin-resistant. However, 18.6% of strains (from 14 cats and 3 dogs) were found as colistin-resistant in the microdilution test. MDR status was 76.31% and 97.29% in dog and cat strains, respectively. The colistin-resistant strains showed 78-100% and 65-90% similarities with respect to their antibiotypes and genotypes, respectively. mcr1, mcr2 and mcr3 genes were not found in any of the strains. Discussion: There is an increase in infections brought on by Grain negative bacteria with various antibiotic resistances in addition to infections brought on by bacteria that are antibiotic-resistant. In order to cure illnesses caused by resistant bacteria, the repurposing of outdated antibiotics may be on the table. Colistin is a crucial antibiotic in veterinary medicine, according to a number of published perspectives, although it should only be administered with caution. However, the discovery of the plasmid-derived mcr1 gene and subsequent reports that this gene has propagated around the world. Escherichia coli strains isolated from companion animals have been found to carry the mcr1 (colistin resistance gene), and possible humananimal cross-contamination has been looked into. The findings demonstrated that mcr1-carrying E. coli might inhabit pets and spread between people and animals. The cat and dog strains used in this investigation had variable colistin resistance rates, which varied between trials. Although no isolates were found to be positive for the mcr1-3 genes in this study, it is believed that colistin resistance, which is determined phenotypically, should not be ignored in terms of spreading both in cat and dog populations as well as in terms of risk to human health, given the possibility that resistance could occur with other different mechanisms. Epidemiological research still uses in vitro antibacterial susceptibility patterns. Our antibiotyping method, which was based on an analysis of several antibiotic resistances, provided quantitative data. Commercial software was utilized to conduct the evaluation. There are no reports or publications that provide quantitative antibiotyping data for E. coli strains in the literature. A popular technique for genotyping different bacterial species is RAPD-PCR. By determining if certain specific genotypes are similar to those of other resistance strains, RAPD-PCR and other genotyping data can be compared with antibiotic resistance profiles to determine the specific risk of treatment resistance in infectious diseases. All organisms that were colistin resistant exhibited multiple antibiotic resistance, and these findings were also related to RAPD genotypes. The findings indicated that colistin-resistant E. coli bacteria could potentially represent a risk to human health and were thought to be transmitted from cats and dogs to humans and vice versa.Scientific Research Projects Commission of Ondokuz Mayis University [PYO.VET.1901.17.020]This study was supported by the Scientific Research Projects Commission of Ondokuz Mayis University (Project No: PYO.VET.1901.17.020)

Molecular identification and determination of some virulence genes of Aeromonas spp. in fish and water from Turkish coastal regions

Identification of Aeromonas species is known to be troublesome due to their phenotypic and genotypic heterogeneity. A total of 60 bacterial isolates from water and rainbow trout samples from Turkish coastal regions (Black Sea, Aegean Sea and Mediterranean Sea) were used for 16S rDNA-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms (RFLP) analysis with AluI, MboI, NarI and PstI as restriction enzymes and molecular identification was eventually completed with PCR amplification of the fstA, A. salmonicida specific gene. In addition, the presence of 6 virulence genes (aer, ser, lip, gcat, nuc and laf) in the isolates was investigated using rapid hexaplex-PCR. The frequencies of the identified Aeromonas species were 38.33% for A. sobria, 23.33% for A. hydrophila, 10.0% for A. veronii and 26.67% for A. salmonicida and only one strain was not clearly identified. The more frequent virulence genes were aer, ser, lip and gcat found in 66.66%, 61.67%, 50% and 33.33% of isolates, respectively and 14 different virulence profiles were determined. This study shows that the 16S rDNA RFLP analysis combined with fstA gene specific PCR was useful for rapid and reliable identification of Aeromonas strains and the coupled determination of the virulence genes may help to both control fish disease arising from Aeromonas spp. and alert human health risk.Ondokuz Mayis Üniversitesi (VET 051

Phenotypic and molecular characterization of Yersinia ruckeri isolates from Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum, 1792) in Turkey

The aim of the study was the phenotypic and molecular characterization of Yersinia (Y.) ruckeri strains, the causative agent of Enteric Red mouth Disease (ERM), by antibiotyping, random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) and sodium dodecylsulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) patterns of whole cell proteins. For this aim, a total of 97 Y ruckeri isolates were analyzed. The isolates were distinguished into ten antibiotypes and six phenotypes according to their resistance properties and whole cell protein profiles, respectively. Also, a glycoprotein band of approximately 25.5 kDa was observed in all Y ruckeri strains tested. In all strains, six different RAPD types were observed. In conclusion, Y ruckeri strains isolated from rainbow trout of fish farms in Turkey showed variation according to their phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, and the use of these three typing techniques in double and triple combinations could be more useful for discriminating the strains