Chemical composition and anti-inflammatory evaluation of essential oils from leaves and stem barks from Drimys brasiliensis Miers (Winteraceae)

The essential oils from leaves and stem barks from Drimys brasiliensis Miers (Winteraceae) were individually obtained by hydrodistillation and their compounds characterized by use of GC/FID and GC/MS. The main identified derivatives were monoterpenes (leaves 4.31% and stem barks 90.02%) and sesquiterpenes (leaves 52.31% and stem barks 6.35%). Additionally, the sesquiterpene polygodial was isolated from hexane extract from stem barks of D. brasiliensis after chromatographic steps and characterized by spectroscopic means, mainly NMR. Aiming the evaluation of anti-inflammatory potential, the crude essential oils and the sesquiterpene polygodial were subjected to bioassays to evaluate the acute toxicity of these compounds as well as the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities induced by carrageenan and formalin in mices. Ours results showed that essential oil obtained from the stem barks significantly reduced the oedema induced by carrageenan. The anti-inflammatory effect induced by stem barks oil (at 200 mg kg-1) was similar to observed for indomethacin (at 10 mg kg-1) and superior for polygodial (at 200 mg kg-1) in 30 and 60 min after the administration of essential oils. The inflammatory response induced by formalin was effective to the stem barks oil (62.5%) in comparison to polygodial (50.0%).Os óleos essenciais das folhas e das cascas do tronco de Drimys brasiliensis Miers (Winteraceae) foram obtidos individualmente por hidrodestilação e suas composições químicas foram determinadas através de análise por CG/DIC e CG/EM. Os principais constituintes identificados foram monoterpenos (folhas 4,31% e cascas do tronco 90,02%) e sesquiterpenos (folhas 52,31% e cascas do tronco 6,35%). Adicionalmente, o sesquiterpeno poligodial foi isolado do extrato em hexano das cascas do tronco de D. brasiliensis após fracionamento cromatográfico e caracterizado por métodos espectroscópicos. Visando a avaliação do potencial anti-inflamatório, os óleos essenciais brutos e o sesquiterpeno poligodial foram submetidos à bioensaios para avaliação da toxicidade aguda destes compostos bem como das atividades anti-inflamatória e antinociceptiva induzidas por carragenina e formalina em ratos. Nossos resultados mostraram que o óleo essencial bruto obtido das cascas do tronco reduziu significativamente o edema induzido por carragenina. O efeito anti-inflamatório induzido pelo óleo das cascas do tronco (a 200 mg kg-1) foi similar ao observado para indometacina (a 10 mg kg-1) e superior ao poligodial (a 200 mg kg-1) em 30 e em 60 min após administração. A resposta inflamatória induzida pela formalina foi efetiva para o óleo das cascas do tronco (62,5%) em comparação ao poligodial (50,0%).Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Departamento de Ciências Exatas e da TerraUniversidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie Departamento de Ciências Exatas e da Terra Centro de Ciências e Humanidades Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da SaúdeUniversidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da SaúdeUNIFESP, Depto. de Ciências Exatas e da TerraSciEL

Constituíntes fenólicos polares de Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (Anacardiaceae) Polar phenolic constituents from Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (Anacardiaceae)

<abstract language="eng">The EtOH extract from the leaves of Schinus terebinthifolius showed anti-radicalar potential in the DPPH test. It was partitioned between n-BuOH:H2O (1:1) and these two phases were also evaluated for anti-radicalar activity. The active n-BuOH phase was partitioned between EtOAc:H2O (1:1) and the active EtOAc phase was submitted to chromatographic procedures to afford five active phenolic compounds: ethyl gallate, methyl gallate, quercitrin, myricetrin and myricetin. The structures of these compounds were established by NMR spectral data analysis

First-principles thermodynamic study of the electrochemical stability of Pt nanoparticles in fuel cell applications

The volatile oils from Nectandra megapotamica Spreng. leaves, collected in February and August of 2007 and at 7:00 and 12:00 h (samples A - D), were extracted by hydrodistillation and the chemical composition was analyzed by GC-FID and GC/MS. A total of nineteen compounds were identified with predominance of oxygenated sesquiterpenes, among them, &#945;-bisabolol, was the main constituent (62.3-69.4 %). After chromatographic separation procedures, this compound was purified from crude oil and its structure was confirmed by analysis of NMR data. This paper describes for the first time the composition of the leaves volatile oil from N. megapotamica

ISOLATION OF CYTOTOXIC NEOLIGNANS FROM Saururus cernuus L. (SAURURACEAE) USING IONIC LIQUID IN THE MICROWAVE ASSISTED EXTRACTION (MAE)

In the present work, dried leaves of Saururus cernuus (Saururaceae) were subjected to extraction using an ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide - BMImBr) in the microwave assisted extraction (MAE). The obtained extract was partitioned using n-hexane and cytotoxicity activity of this organic phase against murine melanoma cell line (B16F10-Nex2) was evaluated in vitro. Since this extract displayed activity (100% of cell death at 200 µg mL-1) it was subjected to a bioactivity-guided fractionation to afford four related neolignans: threo-austrobailignan-5 (1), threo-austrobailignan-6 (2), threo-dihydroguaiaretic acid (3) and saucernetin (4). Their chemical structures were established based on NMR and MS spectral analysis. Among the isolated neolignans, compound 2 exhibited the highest cytotoxic activity against HeLa (human cervical melanoma) cells with IC50 of 28.3 ± 3.9 µg mL-1 (86 ± 12 µmol L-1). Furthermore, compounds 2 and 3 exhibited the highest cytotoxic activity against A2058 (human melanoma) cells with IC50 of 44.3 ± 4.2 µg mL-1 (135 ± 13 µmol L-1) and 41.5 ± 7.5 µg mL-1 (126 ± 23 µmol L-1), respectively, similar to positive control cisplatin (IC50 = 43.2 ± 3.2 µg mL-1 or 144 ± 11 µmol L-1). Otherwise, compound 4 was inactive (IC50 > 100 µg mL-1 or > 300 µmol L-1). The obtained results provide important data for the selection of bioactive neolignans with promising cytotoxic potential using a simple and fast method employing a green solvent as 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide (BMImBr)