Baja város nyomdái 1945-ben

The history of the printing houses in Baja has not yet been written, despite the fact that there has been a printing house in the town since 1857. The three questionnaires from the time of the post-World War II resumption give a glimpse into the history of printing houses operating in the city in the middle of the 20th century. In 1944, there were seven printing houses in the city (Bakanek és Gádor-nyomda, Corvin-nyomda, K. Bencze Albert nyomdája, Rózsa-nyomda, Stáhl Károly-nyomda, Új Élet Nyomda). Among these printing houses, the machines of the Catholic Új Élet Nyomda (New Life Printing House) were demolished, and their raw material was taken away in 1944 after the invasion of the Soviet troops. Albert K. Bencze was sentenced by the people’s tribunal to one year in prison, and his printing house was taken over by the Communist Party of Baja. The owner of the Dezsõ Rózsa printing house died in February 1945, and his printing house was operated for some time by the Social Democratic Party. From the questionnaires, we can also find out a number of technical data about the printing houses, such as what machines they worked with

Életkörülmények Bács-Bodrog megyében 1945 és 1949 között

Living conditions of the population of the treasuresome Nord-Bácska based on archival documents and the local press of the time. The center of the northern part of BácsBodrog county, which was divided by Trianon and was also called Csonka (truncated) Bács-Bodrog county between the two world wars, was in the town of Baja. In 1949, 158,944 people lived in 31 settlements. 9,000 Hungarian refugees and deportees were housed in the homes of displaced Germans. From the reports of deputy-county chiefs we can also learn about the contemporary rumors about compulsory submissions to the state, and the fear of the kolkhoz. The local supply, similarly to other parts of the country, presented an almost daily struggle mainly in the period between 1945–47, in order to provide for the supply of grain, flour, bread, salt, fat, matches or kerosene for those living in the area. The other big administrative task was to convince the government agencies to leave some of the submitted food in the area, to make sure some that next year’s seed is available. Several public welfare measures were taken for the benefit of the population: setting up soup-kitchens, organizing day-care centres, and winter economics course for new settlers. Local care and the operations of public healthcare could only be maintained partly through donations. The largest cultural investment of the period was the Museum and House of Culture of Bács-Bodrog County and the City of Baja from 1947, to which the county contributed with a significant amount. Bács-Bodrog county ceased to exist as of February 1, 1950, and its territory was joined to Bács-Kiskun county

A szabadkai gázgyár megváltása 1917-ben : községesítés a nagy háború idején

After several decades of negotiations, in 1889, the gasworks in Szabadka (now: Subotica) was built by the United Gasworks of Augsburg, the company of the industrialist L. A. Riedinger from Augsburg. It was one of his four southern gas works companies in Hungary. The plant started to run on February 5, 1890, as the first gas lamps were lit. According to the contract, the city had the opportunity to buy the factory for a specified amount before the end of the contract for 50 years. In 1906, the city assembly decided to redeem the gasworks, but in return for the gas concessions offered by the gasworks, they waived the redemption for 10 years. In 1912, the mayor, dr. Károly Bíró also thought that the development of public lighting can be realized by the redemption of the gasworks. In 1916, the city was also involved in the idea of building a new power plant. Despite the world war, Szabadka succeeded in carrying out its earlier plan of gasworks redemption. Of the 32 urban gas works in Hungary, 13 were placed in city ownership before the First World War or were built inherently as city-owned gasworks. Redemption was not a simple process even in peacetime, for instance, Újvidék (Novi Sad) did not complete it in 1905. During the war, Kassa, Újvidék, Arad, and Sopron undertook similar tasks. The Szabadka gas plant was taken over at 9 am on October 31, 1917, with Alfonz Seereiner remaining the Director. After a five-month break, from 1st October it restarted supplying lighting gas until March, 1919

Kereskedelmi iskolák Baján a dualizmus korában

Trade schools in Baja in the age of dualism Teaching merchants in vocational schools started in Baja in the middle of the 19th century, after 1850. Baja was one of the commercial centers of Bács-Bodrog County. The first known private trading school was opened by the Jewish Sámuel Stekler in 1864, with German as the language of tuition. There have been negotiations going on with the Ministry of Religion and Public Education since 1874 regarding the establishment of the municipal trade school with Hungarian tuition. The negotiations were crowned with success in 1882. A commercial school linked to an industrial school opened in the beginning of 1883. This happened thanks to donations and the decommissioning of Commerceâs Grämium. In 1888, the school was reorganized into a school for lower secondary trading, while a middle school was also opened which has been planned – in connection with a trade school since 1874. Since 1891, a request was filed to the Ministry for setting up an upper secondary trade school, whose opening up only succeeded in 1923 after the First World War