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The real mechanism involved in trisomies and leukemogenesis remains unknown and more information about this connection is essential, but unfortunately the clinical outcome and hematological profile of patients with isolated trisomy 11 and AML have not been well characterized. Considering the limited data on the specific disease entity, the current report describes two cases of de novo acute monocytic leukemia (AMoL) and isolated +11, in which this event was further characterized.O mecanismo envolvido em trissomias e leucemogênese permanece não esclarecido e mais dados sobre esta relação são fundamentais, mas infelizmente os resultados clínicos e o perfil hematológico dos pacientes com trissomia 11 isolada e LMA ainda não foram bem caracterizados. Considerando o limitado número de informações, este relato descreve dois casos de leucemia monocítica de novo e trissomia 11 onde este evento foi caracterizado

A rare case of Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL) presenting with double Philadelphia chromosome: relapse or secondary leukemia?

The Philadelphia chromosome is observed in 5% of pediatric acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and in 25% to 50% of adult ALL cases, and is associated with poor prognosis. Double Ph in a hyperdiploid karyotype is common in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), but rarely found in ALL. We report here the case of a girl diagnosed with ALL at 7 years of age. After treatment with the pediatric protocol BFM 83 for ALL, she stayed in continuous complete remission for nine years. At age 19, she was re-admitted with a white blood cell count of 6.8 x 10(9)/L with 3% blasts, and a platelet count of 65 x 109/L. Bone marrow aspirate showed 92.6% lymphoid blast cells, and chromosome analysis after G-banding revealed the karyotype 51,XX,+?5,t(9;22)(q34.1;q11.2),+16,+20,+21,+der(22)t(9;22)(q34.1;q11.2) [10]/46,XX[1]. FISH analysis for the BCR/ABL fusion showed 56% of interphase cells with two fusion signals, 30% with one, and 6% with three. Double Ph is rare in relapsed leukemia, and the possibility of secondary leukemia cannot be ruled out