The resurgence of commons and the governance of traditional commons systems at risk: The case of Enirio-Aralar

The study of commons has resurged vigorously. In this context the analysis of traditional grazing commons whose governance is subject to great challenges associated with changing socio-economic conditions and the co-existence of multiple uses is of particular interest. In this article we analyze the case of Eniriro-Aralar Community (Gipuzkoa, Basque Country), where a strong socio-ecological conflict emerged due to the multiple uses that co-exist in the area and the governance of its traditional common systems. The study shows that the subsistence of the area as a common will depend in the adaptive capacity of the community to the increasing intervention of European and regional institutions in rural planning and the satisfaction of new social demands.Esta investigación ha sido financiada mediante el proyecto del MINECO AGL2013-48361-C2-1-R

Arco aórtico derecho, divertículo de Kommerell y arteria subclavia izquierda aberrante

The right aberrant subclavian artery or "arteria lusoria" is the most common anatomical variant of the embryonic development of the aorta and its branches, with a presence in 0.5-2% of the population. Less frequently, a right aortic arch with aberrant left subclavian artery may be present. These anatomical variations should be included in the differential diagnosis of superior mediastinal widening seen on chest radiographs. In this report, we present a right aortic arch with left aberrant subclavian artery dilated at its origin (Kommerell's diverticulum) as a cause of superior mediastinal widening detected incidentally on a chest radiograph

The environmental and social footprint of the university of the Basque Country UPV/EHU

This work has calculated the organisational environmental and social footprint of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) in 2016. First, input and output data flows of the UPV/EHU activity were collected. Next, the environmental and social impacts of the academic activity were modelled, using the Ecoinvent 3.3 database with the PSILCA-based Soca v1 module in openLCA software. In order to evaluate the environmental impacts, CML and ReCiPe LCIA methods were used. The Social Impact Weighting Method was adjusted for the assessment of specific social impacts. The modelling has identified some hotspots in the organisation. The contribution of transport (8,900 km per user, annually) is close to 60% in most of the environmental impacts considered. The life cycle of computers stands out among the impacts derived from the consumption of material products. More than half of environmental impacts are located outside the Basque Country. This work has also made it possible to estimate some of the impacts of the organisational social footprint, such as accidents at work, only some of which occur at the UPV/EHU. Traces of child labour and illiteracy have also been detected in the social footprint that supports the activity of the UPV/EHU. Some of the social and environmental impacts analysed are not directly generated by the UPV/EHU, but they all demand attention and co-responsibility. Based on the modelling performed, this work explores alternative scenarios and recommends some improvement actions which may reduce (in some cases over 30%) the environmental and social impacts of the UPV/EHU's activity. These scenarios and improvement actions will feed a process with stakeholders in the UPV/ EHU based on the Multi-criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) methodology.To the Sustainability Directorate and the Educational Advisory Service, both belonging to the Vice-Chancellor's Office for Innovation, Social Commitment and Social Action of the University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, in the context of the Campus Bizia Lab programme (2017/18, 18/19 and 19/20 calls) for the financing of the EHU-Aztarna project. This research has also been supported by 'Ekopol: Iraunkortasunerako Bideak' research group, recognised by the Basque Government (IT1365-19) and the University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU (GIC-18/22)

Conflicting values in designing adaptive reuse for cultural heritage. A case study of social multicriteria evaluation

Over the past two decades the Council of Europe has addressed cultural heritage preservation policies to the use of heritage as cultural capital. Given this definition, the conservation of cultural capital is crucial, for its intrinsic value and as an investment for cultural, social and economic development. Thus, principles and areas of actions have been defined with the aim of underlying the importance of cultural values for territorial identity. Especially for cultural heritage with a potential for tourism, the decisions about valorization interventions are not always consensual, given the coexistence of different instances from local inhabitants and tourists. Selecting among the potential uses the one that could ensure the preservation of physical characters as well as intangible values, fueling economic development, is still a challenging policy and design issue. In this context, this paper proposes the use of a multi-methodological approach based on Choice Experiments and Social Multicriteria Evaluation to support the adaptive reuse on real case study. The NAIADE approach has allowed the decision maker to consider both socio-economic and technical dimensions within the same evaluation framewor