The effects of EU enlargement on the Spanish economy : productive structures and trade flows

Artículo de revist

The determinants of competitiveness and its indicators for the Spanish economy

Artículo de revist

Características de la innovación tecnológica en las empresas españolas

Artículo de revist

Pros and cons of various fiscal measures to stimulate the economy

Artículo de revist

Fiscal policy shocks in the euro area and the US: an empirical assessment

We analyse the impact of fiscal policy shocks in the euro area as a whole, using a newly available quarterly dataset of fiscal variables for the period 1981-2007. To allow for comparability with previous results on euro area countries and the US, we use a standard structural VAR framework, and study the impact of aggregated and disaggregated government spending and net taxes shocks. In addition, to frame euro area results, we apply the same methodology for the same sample period to US data. We also explore the sensitivity of the provided results to the inclusion of variables aiming at measuring “financial stress” (increases in risk) and “fiscal stress” (sustainability concerns). Analysing US and euro area data with a common methodology provides some interesting insights on the interpretation of fiscal policy shocks. JEL Classification: E62, H30euro area, Fiscal multipliers, Fiscal shocks, SVAR

Las reformas microeconómicas en el área del euro

Artículo de revist

The effects of economic integration on the specialisation and geographical distribution of industrial activity in the EU countries

Artículo de revist

The EU’s new-generation trade agreements : the CETA treaty

Artículo de revistaAgainst an international background of low tariff barriers, the EU’s trade policy has shifted towards attaining bilateral trade agreements that promote the reduction both of non-tariff barriers and of those regulatory barriers that restrict the movement of goods, services, individuals and investment flows, in addition to including provisions relating to the environment, labour markets and intellectual property rights. An example of these “new-generation” agreements is the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) recently negotiated by the EU and Canada, which is in the process of being ratified by the national parliaments. The article describes the general characteristics of new-generation trade agreements, the difficulties posed by their regulatory and wide-ranging nature, and how the CETA has attempted to respond to some of the issues that have proven most controversial for public opinion. The significance of this agreement pertains not only to the economic impact it will have on the European and Canadian economies, but also to how it could act as a model for other agreements with developed countries, including that which the EU and the United Kingdom have to negotiat

Prevención de la infección de herida quirúrgica. Recomendaciones del CDC 2017

About 8% of patients admitted to a hospital suffer from a healthcare-associated infection. Surgical wound infection (SSI), defined as infection of the incision, organ or space after surgery, accounts for a fifth of the total, and it is estimated that approximately 5% of all patients who undergo open surgery will develop one. In a long study that included 105,000 patients from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Project, Khuri et al showed that the development of one of the 22 postoperative complications studied, including superficial and deep surgical wound infection, reduced the mean life expectancy 69% regardless of the individual's preoperative risk. Keywords: Surgical wound infection, WGGT, StudyAproximadamente el 8% de los pacientes ingresados en un hospital sufren una infección asociada a la asistencia sanitaria. La infección de herida quirúrgica (IHQ), definida como la infección de la incisión, órgano o espacio tras la cirugía, supone una quinta parte del total, estimándose que aproximadamente el 5% de todos los pacientes que se intervienen de cirugía abierta desarrollarán una. En un estudio largo que incluía 105.000 pacientes del National Surgical Quality Improvement Proyect, Khuri et al demostraron que el desarrollo de una de las 22 complicaciones postoperatorias estudiadas, entre las que se incluían infección superficial y profunda de herida quirúrgica, reducía la esperanza de vida media en un 69% independientemente del riesgo preoperatorio del individu