Examen de la relación entre usos de tierras comerciales y residenciales y consumo de energía usando Gis y modelo Vickor (estudio de caso: Distrito 6)

The city is a living thing whose population determines its future. Given its administrative and political pole in Iran, Tehran has attracted a significant population and District 6, given the establishment of commercial-administrative centers is the administrative pole. The purpose of the study was to examine and compare the energy consumption in the field of transportation and administrative-commercial buildings. For this purpose, the research method was based on a researcher-made questionnaire based on 6 main variables and 49 items. The sample size of 384 people was selected to reach the results using Cochran's test to answer. The study was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature. Data collection was based on library documents, and Vikor test was used to rank energy consumption and reach the final results. It has to be acknowledged that the results showed a significant relationship between social and economic factors in the field of transportation and residential and commercial areas until the end of January 2019. Other cases followed a 5-year pattern with a not-so-low consumption rate. Moreover, there was a significant relationship between pollutant production and energy consumption in the second quarter of each year. The statistical results based on the Vickor model showed that the first and second conditions of the above statistical test were confirmed and Districts 2, 3 and 8 have the best rank in terms of Q value, respectively, and the final result is correct.La ciudad es un ser vivo cuya población determina su futuro. Dado su polo administrativo y político en Irán, Teherán ha atraído una población significativa y el Distrito 6 dado el establecimiento de centros comerciales-administrativos es el polo administrativo. El propósito del estudio fue examinar y comparar el consumo de energía en el ámbito del transporte y edificios administrativos-comerciales. Para ello, el método de investigación se basó en un cuestionario elaborado por el investigador basado en 6 variables principales y 49 ítems y para llegar a los resultados se seleccionó el tamaño de muestra de 384 personas mediante la prueba de Cochran para responder. El estudio se aplicó en términos de propósito y descriptivo-analítico en términos de naturaleza. La recopilación de datos se basó en documentos de la biblioteca y se utilizó la prueba de Vikor para clasificar el consumo de energía y llegar a los resultados finales. Hay que reconocer que los resultados mostraron una relación significativa entre los factores sociales y económicos en el ámbito del transporte y las áreas residenciales y comerciales que hasta finales de enero de 2019. Otros casos siguieron un patrón de 5 años con un no tan bajo tasa de consumo. Además, hubo una relación significativa entre la producción de contaminantes y el consumo de energía en el segundo trimestre de cada año. Los resultados estadísticos basados ​​en el modelo de Vickor mostraron que la primera y segunda condiciones de la prueba estadística anterior fueron confirmadas y los Distritos 2, 3 y 8 tienen el mejor rango en términos de valor Q, respectivamente, y el resultado final es correcto

Factors Influencing the Regeneration of Public Spaces: A Case Study of Velayat Bostan in Tehran

The regeneration of public spaces is an integral part of the urban regeneration process. By revitalizing existing public spaces or creating new ones, opportunities arise to enhance the quality of public spaces and strengthen the vitality and social life of cities. The aim of this research is to improve the quality of public spaces in Tehran's Velayat Park through an approach to urban regeneration. To achieve this goal, the most significant factors that contribute to urban regeneration have been identified, and a conceptual model has been presented. The Structural Equation Model (SEM) technique, employing AMOS software, was utilized to identify the factors affecting the recreation of public spaces and their communication and effectiveness. This study employed correlational research with library and survey information collection tools. According to the analysis results, among the physical dimension components, beauty had the highest factor coefficient (0.983); among the economic dimension components, justice had the highest factor load (0.964); among the socio-cultural dimension components, meaning and identity had the highest factor load (1.00); and finally, among the environmental dimension components, meaning and cleanliness had the highest factor load (0.671). Removing the comfort component from the other statistical values extracted from the model indicated good and suitable adaptation of the model. The selected components for measuring the regeneration of Velayat Park's public space in Tehran province were found to have adequate validity and could measure the research structure effectively

Identification of Key Centers of Vulnerability in the City of Hamedan Against Floods Using GIS Software and River Modeling HEC_RAS

Urban floods have been exacerbated by climate change, urbanization, and limited drainage of urban infrastructure. Over the past decades, they had many negative effects, including the vulnerability of key centers. The vulnerability of key urban centers through man-made hazards and natural disasters causes their inefficiency, intensifies public dissatisfaction and lack of service in accidents. In order to make key centers resilient, it is necessary to identify important centers and examine their vulnerability to various hazards and threats. Criteria and sub-criteria for grading and evaluation of assets were weighted by AHP technique in Expert Choice software and then the key centers of the city were identified. Intra-Urban and extra-Urban hydrology and modeling of rivers in Hamadan in different return periods were studied by using HEC-RAS software. Next, the results were transferred to GIS and flood risk zoning of Hamadan was determined. After entering the average sample comments in Expert Choice software, the weight of each index was determined separately, which shows that the quantitative level of utilization index has the highest weight and the economic value of the asset has the lowest weight. Finally, with the adaptation of key centers and flood risk zones in GIS, vulnerable centers were identified

Analyzing the challenges of Iran\'s education system in the field of knowledge transfer

Background and Aim: Among the functions expected of the education system, it can be considered the most basic function, in addition to the socialization of the individual, and the transfer of knowledge, which is the main goal of education. However, Iran's educational system is facing weak and unacceptable results in this area (the results of the TIMSS and PIRLS international tests). The current research was conducted to provide a model for the education system's challenges in the knowledge transfer field. Method: This study was applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of execution method. The statistical population of the research was teachers, parents of students and experts, and experts in the field of education in the year 1400, which examined the opinions and experienced perceptions of these key human elements and the most informed in the field of the education system. According to the principle of theoretical saturation, the sample was considered to be 23 people who were selected by quota sampling method. The data was collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews, the validity of which was verified with the help of four experts and two research colleagues. Its reliability was obtained using Cohen's kappa coefficient method of 0.63. The data were analyzed by thematic analysis, including open, central, and selective coding in MAXQDA20 software. Results: The challenges related to the process of knowledge transfer (within the education system) were centered around the three main pillars of this process, i.e., the teacher, the student, and the context, in which a total of 12 components have been identified and extracted; which were: mental and behavioral problems of the teacher, weak skills of the teacher in teaching the students, weak cognitive, skill and performance of the teacher, mental and psychological problems of the student, inappropriate educational environment, lack of laboratory facilities and educational equipment, problems Educational content, deep-rooted problems in the primary level (as the basis and basis of education), the weakness of teaching while serving teachers, the lack of importance of the education system to creativity, the weakness of pre-service training for teachers, the weakness of the teacher evaluation system. Factors affecting inefficiency were also identified in the structural background of the education and the last five components and the environmental background outside the system with the two factors of teachers' legal and livelihood problems and the low social status of the teacher. Conclusion: This research, which has analyzed the problem of inefficiency with a sociological perspective, has found a series of factors that ultimately lead to inefficiency in the field of knowledge transfer, among which all factors within the system are affected by The external environment is the education system, and it shows the need to pay attention to the macro structures of society and other sub-systems affecting this system (politics and economy) in order to solve the problem of knowledge transfer inefficiency

Assessment of the Sustainable Rural Livelihoods Assets in Langroud County

The present descriptive survey aims to analyze sustainable rural livelihood in Langarud County of Guilan province, Iran. The statistical population was composed of all rural people in this county (N=37904). Convenience sampling used to determine sample size (n=180). They were selected by proportionally allocated random sampling method. The research instrument was a self-designed questionnaire whose face and content validity was confirmed by a panel of experts. The reliability of the questionnaire was estimated by Cronbach’s alpha to be 0.76, implying its reliability. Results showed that among five capitals of sustainable livelihood, social, human, physical, natural and financial capitals were ranked from the first to fifth, respectively. Accordingly, rural people were in the best condition in terms of social capital compared to other capitals. Concerning the level of sustainable livelihood capitals, it is recommended that rural development policies should spur livelihood diversification as a core strategy. In addition, attempts should be made to enhance rural people’s awareness of what they have and to change their attitude towards what they feel in their life and/or they see in nature