Number of plant species, genera and families in 26 forest patches (FP) and 4 reference sites within a continuous forest (CF) sampled in the fragmented Lacandon rainforest, Chiapas, Mexico.

<p>The observed values (Obs) and the expected (Exp) after a coverage-based rarefaction (interpolation) are indicated for each site. The coverage estimator suggested by Chao and Jost <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0098931#pone.0098931-Chao1" target="_blank">[27]</a> is also indicated for each case (<i>Ĉ_n</i>, see Methods).</p

Cumulative species-area curves for Lacandon rainforest, Mexico.

<p>Cumulative number of species sampled in 0.1 per patch versus number of patches added. Patches were added from small to large or large to small, respectively, and then corresponding cumulative species counts were obtained. The value of Saturation Index is indicated.</p

Non-metric multidimensional scaling ordination of tree species across each site sampled in the fragmented Lacandon rainforest, Mexico.

<p>Dot size is directly proportional to site size. CF = continuous forest.</p

Location of the Mesoamerican biodiversity hotspot (a), and the study area in the Lacandon rainforest, Mexico (b).

<p>The 26 forest patches located in the Marqués de Comillas region and the four reference areas studied within the continuous forest of the Montes Azules Biosphere Reserve are also indicated (c).</p

Vico’s Ring. Notes on the“Scienza nuova”, its Structure, and the Hermeneutics of Homer’s Works

The present study of Giambattista Vico’s defining work, La Scienza nuova (The New Science) is concerned with an approach to the work that pays requisite attention not only to the content but also to its form. To that end, Horst Steinke proposes that Scienza nuova possesses the structure of a ring composition by which individual parts of the work relate to each other in complex but identifiable ways. This approach, which is developed through a discussion of all five Books that make up the work, also leads to, or implies, certain constraints on the interpretation of Vico’s thought, resulting from an interplay of form and content. Since Vico made Homer the centerpiece of his own work, Vico’s hermeneutics are discussed in the context of his underlying philosophy of language, and both are compared with Spinoza’s thought. Finally, the so-called “Homeric question”, in Vico’s view, is addressed in an original way

Anthropometric, metabolic and fat data in the population studied.

<p>All values expressed as median and (interquartile range) unless specified. HALS = HIV-1/HAART-associated lipodystrophy syndrome, BMI = body mass index, WHR = waist-hip ratio, LSGS = lipodystrophy severity grade score, mmol/l = milimoles per liter, HDL = high density lipoprotein, LDL = low density lipoprotein, VLDL = very low density lipoprotein, pmol/l = picomoles per liter, g = grams.</p

Gene polymorphisms associated with the presence of pancreatitis and/or neuropathy in d4T-exposed patients.

<p>TS = thymidylate synthase, MTHFR = methylene-tetrahydrofolate reductase,</p>*<p>Heterozygous and wild-type patients, ^†Homozygous 677T, homozygous 1298C and compound heterozygous patients.</p

Demographics and immunovirological status of the population studied.

<p>Values are expressed as median and interquartile range, unless indicated.</p>*<p>includes 2 patients with post-transfusion HIV and 1 with unknown risk, MsM = men who have sex with men, HTSX = heterosexuals, IDU = intravenous drug users, AIDS = acquired immune deficiency syndrome, HCV = hepatitis C virus, HBV = hepatitis B virus, ml = milliliters.</p

Expression of mRNA for various marker genes and mtDNA levels in BH and non-BH lipomas from HIV-1–infected, HAART-treated patients and healthy control subcutaneous adipose tissue.

<p><b>A)</b> Relative mRNA levels of the indicated markers of adipogenesis and adipocyte function, mitochondrial function, inflammation, and fibrosis were determined by qRT-PCR. Means ± SEM, expressed as ratios relative to 18S rRNA, are shown for each target mRNA. B) mtDNA data are presented as means ± SEM, expressed as a ratio units between the mitochondrial gene <i>MT CYB</i> and the single-copy nuclear gene <i>CEBPA</i> levels (*p<0.05, lipomas vs. healthy control; #p<0.05, NBL vs. BH). (*p<0.05, **p<0.01 and ***p<0.001, lipoma vs. healthy subcutaneous adipose tissue; #p<0.05, ##p<0.01, NBL vs BH). Means correspond to 10 (C, BH) and 8 (NBL) samples.</p

Expression of protein for various marker genes in BH and non-BH lipomas from HIV-1–infected, HAART-treated patients and healthy control subcutaneous adipose tissue.

<p><b>A)</b> Relative protein levels of the indicated markers of adipogenesis and adipocyte function, mitochondrial function, inflammation, and cell proliferation were determined by densitometric analysis of Western blots. Means ± SEM of 10 (C, BH) and 8 (NBL) samples expressed as ratios of the optical density of each band corrected for total protein level, are shown for each protein (*p<0.05, **p<0.01 and, lipomas vs. healthy subcutaneous adipose tissue; #p<0.05, ##p<0.01 and ###p<0.001, NBL vs. BH). <b>B)</b> Representative Western blot bands for selected genes of each functional group in panel A for controls (C), BH, and NBL. Each sample corresponds to an individual from each group. β-actin was used a loading control. The molecular weight of each specific immunoreactive signal is shown at right. ADIPOQ, adiponectin; MT_COII, mitochondrial DNA-encoded subunit II of cytochrome c oxidase.</p