The Efficacy of Joint Attention Interventions on Play Skills in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review

Purpose:The aim of this study is to determine if joint attention interventions have an effect on general play skills in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) aged birth to five years. Method: The reviewers examined various databases and selected research based on predetermined inclusion/exclusion criteria. This included peer-reviewed research articles that assessed children with a formal diagnosis of ASD between the ages of birth to five years, examined joint attention interventions, included outcome measures related to play, and were published after the year 2000. The articles reviewed consisted of 581 participants. Research designs included primarily pre-post randomized clinical trials, one single subject multiple baseline design, and one case study design. Results: The collective results suggest that joint attention interventions may be effective in increasing play skills in children with ASD. While some studies report no change to either functional or symbolic play skills, other studies report improvements in only one type. No study reports a decrease in play skills. Conclusion: While there is evidence that joint attention interventions may improve play skills in children with ASD, overall, the results of this systematic review are inconclusive. Future research will help to clarify if joint attention interventions have a measurable impact on either symbolic or functional play skill development.https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/csdms/1001/thumbnail.jp

The Union of South Africa, its present problems with their geographical and historical background

Thesis (M.A.)--Boston Universit

Diversification processes in an island radiation of shrews

Southeast Asian mammals are known for their remarkable levels of diversity and endemism. However, few explicit tests of the mechanisms that may promote or inhibit speciation have been conducted on regional clades. I use phylogenetic estimates and tree shape analyses to explore the tempo and mode of diversification in Southeast Asian shrews (Soricomorpha: Crocidura), and to consider a set of geological, climatic, and ecological forces that my have shaped current patterns of diversity. I find no association of diversification rates with Pleistocene sea-level fluctuations or volcanic uplift that was concentrated during the Miocene and Pliocene. However, sea-level fluctuations appear to have been a factor in the generation of phylogeographic diversity in the Philippines. In general, Crocidura appears to have diversified at a consistent tempo and usually in allopatry. A lack of ecological innovation may have limited the extent of diversification in the Philippines, but perhaps not on Sulawesi

Watseka Pavilion

Students will design an open-air pavilion for the city park in Watseka.  The design will include architectural and structural design.  Substantial completion of design documents is required

NEW RECORDS OF TWO RARELY ENCOUNTERED, ENDEMIC RATS (RODENTIA: MURIDAE: MURINAE) FROM GUNUNG GANDANGDEWATA, WEST SULAWESI PROVINCE

We collected specimens of Sommer’s Sulawesi shrew-rat, Sommeromys macrorhinos, at three sites (1600, 2200, and 2600 m) and the Sulawesi small-bodied shrew-rat, Crunomys celebensis, at one site (1600 m) on Gunung Gandangdewata in the western block  of the central core of Sulawesi during November 2011 and May 2012. Prior to 2011, S. macrorhinos was known only from the holotype, which was taken on 2 August 1973 at 2400 m near the summit of Gunung Tokala (upper montane forest). Previously, C. celebensis was known only from tropical lowland evergreen rain forest in the Danau Lindu valley and nearby upper drainage of the Sungai Miu in the northern portion of the westcentral mountain block in Sulawesi’s central core. The new specimens of S. macrorhinos and C. celebensis extend their known range of habitats to include the transition between lowland and montane forest. Because the original description of S. macrorhinos was based on a single specimen, we describe some external morphological features and provide measurements of new specimens as a supplement to the original description.Key words: Crunomys celebensis, morphology, shrew-rat, Sommeromys macrorhino

Kinetic Studies of the Thermal Iodine-Catalyzed Isomerization of Cis-and Trans-Dichlorethylene in Several Solvents

An investigation of the thermal iodine-catalyzed isomerization of cis- and trans-dichlorethylene was carried out. The reaction cisC2H2Cl2 and → transC2H2Cl2 its reverse were studied in solutions in dichlorethylene, benzene, and cyclohexane, at different temperatures, and with different concentrations of iodine and dichlorethylene. The following differential rate expression is in accord with the kinetic data for all the solutions studied: d(C)/dt = [k K(T) + (C)] in which equation k is a rate constant depending on iodine concentration K is the equilibrium constant (cisC2H2Cl2/transC2H2Cl2 C and T are respectively cis- and trans-dichlorethylene the concentrations are expressed in mol fractions In 10 mol percent solutions of C2H2Cl2 in benzene, over the temperature range studied (140° to 160° for k, 150° and 185° for K) k/√(I2) = 1.30 x 1015 e-15650/T K = .617 e580/T when the time is expressed in hours. In the other solvents the values of the numerical constants in these expressions were only slightly changed. The mechanism following is proposed as probable for the reaction: I2 ⇄ 2I I + C ⇄ CI CI ⇄ TI TI ⇄ T + I For the estimation of the composition of the solutions containing the two dichlorethylene isomers a dielectric-constant measuring apparatus was built. With this apparatus curves relating dielectric constant to composition were obtained for several liquid systems.</p

西村先生講話 第二回

Nexus file containing phased alleles from BDNF sequences of Sunda shelf Crocidura. This alignment was used to generate the gene trees in Figures S1 and S