Hodgkin’s Lymphoma as a Rare Cause of Vanishing Bile Duct Syndrome: A Case Report

Vanishing bile duct syndrome (VBDS) is a disorder presented with jaundice and prolonged cholestasis due to intrahepatic cholestasis with the paucity of interlobular bile ducts. Liver involvement of Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) is well-known however VBDS is an extremely rare presentation of HL. Lack of wellestablished pathogenetic mechanism and rarity of disorder may cause diagnostic confusion. We reported a VBDS case related to Hodgkin’s lymphoma, presented with generalized jaundice

Epstein-Barr virus infection in patients with chronic gastritis without Helicobacter pylori infection

WOS: 000529401300002PubMed: 32343232Background/Aims: the association of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) with gastric malignancies has been proven by many studies in the literature. However, information about EBV-associated inflammation/gastritis remains limited. the aim of this study is to establish the prevalence of latent EBV infection in patients with chronic gastritis without H. pylori infection. Materials and Methods: in this study, 119 patients with gastritis without H. pylori infection were included. Furthermore, 28 patients with H. pylori gastritis were included in the study as a control group. Chromogenic in situ hybridization (EBV-encoded RNA) and immunohistochemistry (LMP-1 antibody) were performed in all 147 cases. the prevalence of EBV and its relationship with age, sex, the affected part of the stomach, the density of inflammation, inflammatory activity, intestinal metaplasia, and atrophy were analyzed. Results: in this study, 14 cases showed positive immunostaining for EBV. EBV positivity was seen mostly in the lymphoid tissue (13 cases), but it was also detected at the gastric epithelium (7 cases). the mean age of the patients was 44 years, which was slightly younger than that of the EBV-negative cases (48 years). the inflammation density was higher in EBV-positive cases than the EBV-negative gastritis cases (p=0.002). Intestinal metaplasia was detected in 7% of the cases. EBV-positive cases had a higher incidence of atrophy without intestinal metaplasia (21% vs 3.8% without EBV). Conclusion: EBV was detected in 12% of the cases with gastritis without H. pylori infection. Endoscopic follow-up may be appropriate for patients with gastritis, who have atrophy without intestinal metaplasia and are H. pylori negative but EBV positive

Pyloric Gland Adenoma: A Case Report

Endoscopic procedures are the gold standard in identifying, monitoring and treating gastrointestinal system lesions. The evaluation of benign, precancerous and malignant characteristics of these lesions requires good endoscopic inspection and precise pathological examination. Pyloric gland adenoma is a rare precancerous lesion defined in recent years and herein is reviewed in the present case along with the literature

Comparison of World Health Organization 2000/2004 and World Health Organization 2010 classifications for gastrointestinal and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors

Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEPNETs) were divided into 4 groups based on tumor diameter and stage in World Health Organization (WHO) 2000/2004 classification as well-differentiated endocrine tumor benign (WDETB), well-differentiated endocrine tumor with uncertain behavior (WDETUB), well-differentiated endocrine carcinoma (WDEC), and poorly differentiated endocrine carcinoma (PDEC). World Health Organization 2000/2004 was not widely accepted because of stage-related classification and the category of "uncertain behavior." The European NET Society proposed a grading classification and site-specific staging system in 2010. Gastroenteropancreatic NETs were divided into 3 groups as NET grade 1 (G1), NET grade 2 (G2), and neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) grade 3 (G3) based on mitoses and the Ki-67 index. We evaluated 63 GEPNET cases according to both classifications. We compared two classifications and the tumor groups in terms of prognostic parameters (diameter, mitosis, Ki-67 index, angioinvasion, perineural invasion, necrosis, and metastasis) and pathologic stage. All 14 cases diagnosed as PDEC were included in the NEC G3 according to WHO 2010. Seventeen cases were diagnosed as WDETB, 9 as WDETUB, and 23 as WDEC. There was statistically significant difference between these groups in terms of all prognostic parameters except for necrosis, mitosis, Ki-67 index, and grade. All WDETB cases, 89% of WDETUBs, and 87% of WDECs were included in the NET G1. There were 45 cases evaluated as NET G1 and 4 cases as NET G2 according to WHO 2010. Metastasis and perineural invasion were more common in NET G2, no significant differences in other parameters. In conclusion, WHO 2010 is easier to use, whereas WHO 2000/2004 shows higher correlation with prognosis. However, it includes benign and uncertain behavior categories, although small tumors with low proliferative activity can also cause metastases. All GEPNETs should be considered potentially malignant (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

The relationship between diverticula and low-grade mucinous neoplasm of the appendix. Does the diverticulum play a role in the development of periappendicular mucin deposition or pseudomyxoma peritonei?

Prevalences of diverticulum and low-grade mucinous neoplasm (LGMN) were reported as 0.04-2% and less than 1% in the appendix. In this study, the frequency of diverticulum in LGMN cases, the relationship between diverticula and periappendicular mucin, and the possible role of diverticula in pseudomyxoma peritonei pathogenesis were researched. Through systematic review and targeted search, 38 LGMN and 96 diverticula were identified, frequencies and relationship between diverticulum and LGMN were analysed. Diverticulum and LGMN were determined in 4.8% and 1.04%, respectively, of 1922 appendectomy materials specifically grossed by the same pathologist. The prevalence of diverticulum was higher in our study than literature. The difference may be due to detailed macroscopic examination. Diverticulum was detected in 60% of LGMN cases. The rate of diverticulum was found to be significantly higher in LGMNs than non-neoplastic diverticulum (p < 0.001). Periappendicular mucin deposition was significantly more frequent in LGMN cases with diverticulum than in other groups (p < 0.05). Follow-ups were available in 18 patients; none of them had mucin deposition in the peritoneal cavity. We detected that periappendicular mucin was highly associated with diverticula in LGMN cases. Periappendicular acellular mucin deposition may not give rise to pseudomyxoma peritonei. We may think that mucin could move out of the appendix through the diverticulum rather than neoplastic spread in some of these cases

A case of ligneous conjunctivitis

Ligneous conjunctivitis is a rare form of idiopathic membranous conjunctivitis. It occurs with type 1 plasminogen deficiency and characterized by the development of firm, fibrin-rich, woody-like, recurrent pseudomembranous lesions mainly on the tarsal conjunctiva. It may occurs in oral cavity, tracheobronchial tree, upper gastrointestinal tract and other mucous membrans, too. Due to the plasminogen deficiency, destruction of trauma induced fibrin plaque is defected. Although autosomal ressessive inheritence is described, most of the cases are sporadic. Generally it develops during infancy and childhood, but can occurs at any age. Four year old male infant is introduced to Opthalmology department with pink to red membranous lesion on his left eye extending from conjunctiva to the iris. Histopathologic evaluation of excised material is compatible with ligneous conjunctivitis and diagnosis is confirmed with significant decreased level of plasminogen in the case. Although topical prednisolone and cyclosporin treatment lesion recurs. The patient is consulted to a haemotologist and systemic and topical fresh frozen plasma (FFP) are applied. The case is discussed in the manner of its histopathologic features and good response to FFP treatment in accompanion with literature. (Turk Arch Ped 2012; 47: 130-3

Torsion of a giant pedunculated liver hemangioma mimicking acute appendicitis: a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Hemangiomas are the most common benign neoplasms affecting the liver. They occur at all ages. Most cases are asymptomatic and do not require any treatment. Rarely, hemangiomas can be pedunculated. İf they undergo torsion and infarction, they become symptomatic. Herein; we report the case of a 31 year old male presenting with features of acute appendicitis: continuous right iliac fossa pain, rebound, guarding tenderness at McBurney' s point, nausea, anorexia, shifted white blood cell count and a Mantrels score of 6. At laparotomy a normal appendix was observed and a torsioned pedinculated liver hemangioma turned out to be the cause.</p