Prevalence of Learning Disability in Primary School Students in Kerman City

The present study examined the prevalence of learning disabilities in primary school students in Kerman city. Respondents of the present study comprised of 793 primary students who were identified by cluster sampling technique. Instruments for students’ data collection included intelligent, mathematic, reading and writing tests and questionnaire. Results of the present study indicated that frequency of learning disabilities in Kerman primary school was 40.74% and there was a significant difference between boys and girls. Math disability was 13.9 percent, reading disability was 36.9 percent, and writing disability was 4.5 percent. There was a significant different in math disability among boys and girls. Also there was a significant different in writing and reading disability among boys and girls

Prevalence of Learning Disability in Primary School Students in Kerman City

The present study examined the prevalence of learning disabilities in primary school students in Kerman city. Respondents of the present study comprised of 793 primary students who were identified by cluster sampling technique. Instruments for students’ data collection included intelligent, mathematic, reading and writing tests and questionnaire. Results of the present study indicated that frequency of learning disabilities in Kerman primary school was 40.74% and there was a significant difference between boys and girls. Math disability was 13.9 percent, reading disability was 36.9 percent, and writing disability was 4.5 percent. There was a significant different in math disability among boys and girls. Also there was a significant different in writing and reading disability among boys and girls

Effect of ghrelin on serum metabolites in Alzheimer’s disease model rats; a metabolomics studies based on 1H-NMR technique

Objective(s): Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is dysfunction of the central nervous system and as a neurodegenerative disease. The objective of this work is to investigate metabolic profiling in the serum of animal models of AD compared to healthy controls and then to peruse the role of ghrelin as a therapeutic approach for the AD.Materials and Methods: Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique was used for identification of metabolites that are differentially expressed in the serum of a rat model of the AD with or without ghrelin treatment. Using multivariate statistical analysis, models were built and indicated.Results: There were significant differences and high predictive power between AD and ghrelin-treated groups. The area under curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and Q2 were 0.870 and 0.759, respectively. A biomarker panel consisting of 14 metabolites was identified to discriminate the AD from the control group. Another panel of 12 serum metabolites was used to differentiate AD models from treated models. Conclusion: Both panels had good agreements with clinical diagnosis. Analysis of the results displayed that ghrelin improved memory and cognitive abilities. Affected pathways by ghrelin included oxidative stress, and osteoporosis pathways and vascular risk factors

Assessment of Radiation Dose to the Lens of the Eye and Thyroid of Patients Undergoing Head and Neck Computed Tomography at Five Hospitals in Mashhad, Iran

Introduction: In recent years, the number of computed tomography (CT) scans, which is a high-dose technique, has increased significantly. Head and neck CT is performed frequently and thyroid, particularly in children, has always been considered a sensitive organ. In recent years, radiobiologists and health physicists have been more concerned about the safety of lenses of the eyes, as cataract is no longer considered a deterministic effect. Material and Methods: In the present study, incurred doses to the thyroid and lens of the eye of 140 patients who underwent common head and neck CT at five hospitals were measured by thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD-100). The patients were divided into two age groups of pediatrics and adults. TLD chips were placed on the patient’s skin surface. For each patient, scan parameters, sex and age were recorded. Exposed TLDs were read by a manual TLD reader. Results: The verage absorbed dose of the thyroid, as well as the lenses of the left and right eyes were 5.89±1.74, 15.84±2.81 and 16.25±2.57, respectively, for the pediatric patients and 5.00±1.17, 17.64±1.69 and 24.41±1.89 for adults. Patient-specific organ doses were influenced by the scanned region, scan protocol and patient's age. Conclusion: In the present study, the mean eye dose was much lower than the 500 mGy threshold recommended by International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) for lens of the eye damage, thus, it appears to be clinically safe. While CT scan remains a crucial tool, further dose reduction can be achieved by controlling different factors affecting patient doses

An Unusual Localization of Hydatid Cyst in A Patient With

Hydatid disease is a widespread parasitic infection caused by tapewormEchinococcus and it affects mainly the liver, but other organs such as pelvic organscould be involved very rare. Here we report a case of hydatid cyst with involvementof oviduct in a woman with endometrial cancer.It was misdiagnosed as a multicysticright ovarian mass before surgery and by microscopic study it was shown as a primarydegenerated hydatid cyst which was also unusual.Although pelvic echinococcalcysts rarely occur, the gynecologists should be consider, and the possibility of ahydatid cyst when they find a pelvic cystic mass,especially in areas where the diseaseis endemic

Results of photorefractive keratectomy with mitomycin C for high myopia after 4 years

<ul><li><strong>BACKGROUND</strong>: This study assessed the long-term results of photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) with mitomycin C in high myopia (.7 diopter).</li><li><strong>METHODS</strong>: In this retrospective study, visual acuity, refractive error, pachymetry, topography, contrast sensitivity, corneal haze safety, predictability and complications (with emphasis on ectasia) of 37 high myopic patients (72 eyes) who had PRK surgery with mitomycin C in the last 10 to 40 months were assessed. The exclusion criteria included previous ocular surgery other than LASIK, current ocular disease and any systemic illness.</li><li><strong>RESULTS</strong>: The mean follow up period was 27.2 ± 7.9 months. The spherical equivalent error was significantly reduced, from a mean of -9.10 ± 2.12 diopters (D) (range of -7 to -18.25 D) before PRK to a mean of -1.81 ± 1.57 D (range of - 8.5 to 0 D) after (P = 0.001). Postoperatively, 34.72% of eyes were within ± 0.5 D of attempted correction and 58.33% within ±1 D and 84.72% within ±2 D. 80.5% of eyes had a vision of 20/40 or better. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was unchanged or improved in 93.05%. The safety index was 0.96 [the ratio of mean postoperative BCVA (0.84) to mean preoperative BCVA (0.87)] and efficacy index was 0.8 [the ratio of mean postoperative uncorrected visual acuity (0.7) to mean preoperative BCVA (0.87)]. Corneal haze formation was seen in 5 patients (6.9%) with grade +1. The minimum stromal residual bed was 400 Cm. No eyes had progressive corneal ectasias at the time of post-op control.</li><li><strong>CONCLUSIONS</strong>: The topical intraoperative application of 0.02% mitomycin C can reduce haze formation in highly myopic eyes undergoing PRK. Predictability of refractive results, however, was poor.</li><li><strong>KEY WORDS</strong>: Mitomycin C, photorefractive keratectomy, high myopia.</li></ul&gt

Giant eccrine hidrocystoma of orbit

<p>A 14- year-old girl who had an upper eyelid mass for 3 months (without any pain or other symptoms) was referred to us. The orbital CT-scan revealed a superomedial orbital mass and excisional biopsy reported a giant eccrine hidrocystoma.<br /><strong>KEY WORDS</strong>: Eccrine, hidrocystoma, giant, orbit, eyelid.</p&gt

The role of interleukin-6 in the early diagnosis of sepsis in premature infants

Septicemia is one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity in newborns. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the early diagnosis of Sepsis in premature newborns. This cross-sectional study was conducted on preterm infants admitted to NICU of Hospital Buali in Ardabil city, Iran. C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-6 and complete blood count tests have been done in baseline, third and seventh day. Collected data analyzed by one-sample t-test, repeated measures and ANOVA in SPSS.21. The mean of IL-6 in the first and third day after hospitalization was significantly more than normal value. The mean of CRP in the third and seventh day after hospitalization significantly more than normal value. We found that increasing in IL-6 level can occur earlier than CRP and it can be used as a good index in early sepsis diagnosis compare than CRP