4 research outputs found

    Synergistic effects of ethanolic plant extract mixtures against food-borne pathogen bacteria

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    Plant extracts are an important part in agroecology, as they benefit environment in combating pathogenic organisms, without resorting to synthetic chemicals. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of mixtures of ethanol extracts from semi-desert plants [creosote bush (Larrea tridentata), tarbush (Flourensia cernua) and paddle cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica)] against Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus. The maximum antimicrobial activity was achieved with the creosote聽 bush鈥搕arbush-paddle cactus mix (1:1:1) v/v, followed by paddle cactus-tarbush (1:1) v/v. E. coli was the bacterial strain that showed the highest growth inhibition as consequence of the concentration of plant extracts (4000 and 5000 ppm of tarbush). While with the creosote bush plant extracts, the highest inhibition halos were observed. Synergistic effects were observed when mixtures of ethanolic plant extract against food-borne pathogen bacteria were used, so this may be a better way to design alternative pathogen control methodologies for food-borne pathogen bacteria.Keywords: Larrea tridentate, Flourensia cernua, Opuntia ficus-indica, ethanolic plant extract mixtures, foodborne pathogenAfrican Journal of Biotechnology, Vol. 13(5), pp. 699-704, 29 January, 201

    Genetic diversity in apple tree cultivars established in the Sierra de Arteaga, Coahuila, Mexico

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    ABSTRACT. Apple production in the Sierra de Arteaga, Coahuila is mainly based on the Golden Delicious cultivar. Production based on only a few cultivars represents a genetic risk, because if they are susceptible to a pest, disease or climate change much of this production would be lost if one or more of these conditions occurred. Foreseeing this situation, farmers have introduced different commercial apple cultivars, but there is little information about the genetic diversity among them. Therefore, the aim of this study was to estimate the rates of intraspecific genetic diversity of 12 different apple cultivars using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) molecular markers. Employing nine ISSR primers, it was possible to identify 124 DNA bands, of which 63% were polymorphic, with genetic diversity of 0.24. Results suggest that these cultivars are adapted to the region鈥檚 climate and can be utilized to increase the overall plantation area, in order not to depend on a single cultivar.RESUMEN. La producci贸n de manzana en la Sierra de Arteaga, Coahuila se basa principalmente en el cultivar Golden Delicious. La siembra de pocos cultivares representa un riesgo, de plagas, enfermedades o cambios clim谩ticos, que pueden afectar la producci贸n. Por lo que los agricultores han introducido diferentes variedades de manzano, de los que no se tiene informaci贸n sobre su diversidad gen茅tica. El objetivo fue estimar los 铆ndices de diversidad gen茅tica intraespec铆ficos con marcadores moleculares intersecuencias simples repetidos (ISSR) de 12 cultivares de manzano de la Sierra de Arteaga. Con ayuda de nueve iniciadores se identificaron 124 bandas, de las cuales el 63% fueron polim贸rficas, con diversidad gen茅tica de 0.24. Los resultados sugieren que 茅stos cultivares est谩n adaptados a las condiciones clim谩ticas de la regi贸n y se pueden utilizar para incrementar el 谩rea de plantaci贸n, para no depender de un cultivar

    An谩lisis gen茅tico y bromatol贸gico de mutantes de manzano (Malus x domestica Borkh) del cultivar golden delicius

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    The apple tree (Malus x domestica Borkh) is an important fruit tree in southern Coahuila, Mexico. For flowering, it requires an accumulated number of cold air units (CAUs) which the CAUs of the region do not achieve to reach, leading to a low production. Mutations have been detected in the region that require less CAUs. The objective of this work was to determine the genetic and bromatological differences of the southern Coahuila mutants. The bromatological analysis showed that the mutant Vigas I has a lower fiber content (4.91 g) and the highest sugar content (10.73 g), which provide it with marketing advantages. The analysis of amplified length fragment polymorphisms (AFLPs), showed a larger banding pattern with the combination [EcoRI (+ACC +AGG) / Msel (+CTA)]. This combination yielded 123 amplified, 100 % polymorphic bands. The mutant closer to the control was Vigas II, with a genetic distance of 0.16 units, while the mutant with the greatest difference was Primicia. The studied mutants might be an alternative to the CAU issue in some apple tree regions of the country.El manzano (Malus x domestica Borkh) es un frutal importante en el sur de Coahuila, M茅xico; que para su floraci贸n necesita la acumulaci贸n de unidades fr铆o (UF), las cuales no se logran cubrir con las UF de la regi贸n, lo que ocasiona baja producci贸n. En los 煤ltimos a帽os en la regi贸n se han detectado mutaciones que necesitan menores UF. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar diferencias gen茅ticas y bromatol贸gicas en los mutantes del sur de Coahuila. El an谩lisis bromatol贸gico mostr贸 que el mutante Vigas I present贸 el menor contenido de fibra (4.91 g) y el mayor contenido de az煤cares (10.73 g), lo que le da ventajas comerciales. El an谩lisis de polimorfismos en la longitud de fragmentos amplificados (AFLP's), mostr贸 un mayor patr贸n de bandeado con la combinaci贸n: [EcoRI (+ACC +AGG) / Msel (+CTA)]. Obteni茅ndose con esta combinaci贸n 123 bandas amplificadas, las cuales fueron 100 % polim贸rficas. El mutante m谩s parecido al control fue Vigas II con una distancia gen茅tica de 0.16 unidades, mientras que el mutante con mayor diferencia fue Primicia. Los mutantes estudiados pueden ser una alternativa a la problem谩tica de UF de algunas regiones manzaneras de pa铆s

    An谩lisis gen茅tico y bromatol贸gico de mutantes de manzano (Malus x domestica Borkh) del cultivar golden delicius

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    The apple tree (Malus x domestica Borkh) is an important fruit tree in southern Coahuila, Mexico. For flowering, it requires an accumulated number of cold air units (CAUs) which the CAUs of the region do not achieve to reach, leading to a low production. Mutations have been detected in the region that require less CAUs. The objective of this work was to determine the genetic and bromatological differences of the southern Coahuila mutants. The bromatological analysis showed that the mutant Vigas I has a lower fiber content (4.91 g) and the highest sugar content (10.73 g), which provide it with marketing advantages. The analysis of amplified length fragment polymorphisms (AFLPs), showed a larger banding pattern with the combination [EcoRI (+ACC +AGG) / Msel (+CTA)]. This combination yielded 123 amplified, 100 % polymorphic bands. The mutant closer to the control was Vigas II, with a genetic distance of 0.16 units, while the mutant with the greatest difference was Primicia. The studied mutants might be an alternative to the CAU issue in some apple tree regions of the country.El manzano (Malus x domestica Borkh) es un frutal importante en el sur de Coahuila, M茅xico; que para su floraci贸n necesita la acumulaci贸n de unidades fr铆o (UF), las cuales no se logran cubrir con las UF de la regi贸n, lo que ocasiona baja producci贸n. En los 煤ltimos a帽os en la regi贸n se han detectado mutaciones que necesitan menores UF. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar diferencias gen茅ticas y bromatol贸gicas en los mutantes del sur de Coahuila. El an谩lisis bromatol贸gico mostr贸 que el mutante Vigas I present贸 el menor contenido de fibra (4.91 g) y el mayor contenido de az煤cares (10.73 g), lo que le da ventajas comerciales. El an谩lisis de polimorfismos en la longitud de fragmentos amplificados (AFLP's), mostr贸 un mayor patr贸n de bandeado con la combinaci贸n: [EcoRI (+ACC +AGG) / Msel (+CTA)]. Obteni茅ndose con esta combinaci贸n 123 bandas amplificadas, las cuales fueron 100 % polim贸rficas. El mutante m谩s parecido al control fue Vigas II con una distancia gen茅tica de 0.16 unidades, mientras que el mutante con mayor diferencia fue Primicia. Los mutantes estudiados pueden ser una alternativa a la problem谩tica de UF de algunas regiones manzaneras de pa铆s
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