Assessment of Superflux relative to marine science and oceanography

A general assessment of the Superflux project is made in relation to marine science and oceanography. It is commented that the program clearly demonstrated the effectiveness of state-of-the-art technology required to study highly dynamic estuarine plumes, and the necessity of a broadly interdisciplinary, interactive remote sensing and shipboard program required to significantly advance the understanding of transport processes and impacts of estuarine outflows

Applications of ISES for the oceans

The need in oceanography for direct broadcast, why, and what type are discussed. Four reasons for support exist: need for real-time observations in support of field studies; need to back up point failures; need for experimentation with onboard processing and selection of data for direct broadcasting; and the need to develop future operational NOAA systems. Each of these areas is examined

What the Revolution Requires

A flash fiction which addresses the coming revolution in the genre of Mathematical Fiction

Ocean color observations of phytoplankton distributions and primary productivity

The primary goal of this activity is to develop the means to assess the mean and variability of phytoplankton biomass and primary productivity on global scales. There are three major approaches whose goals are to provide global scale observations. These are processing and analysis of the complete CZCS data set in a consistent manner; preparing science mission and project implementation plans for the SeaWiFS sensor to be launched on LANDSAT 6 in 1991; and providing guidance to EOS flight projects for ocean color observations using the MODIS sensor planned for the Polar Platform in the mid 1990's. This processing presents the first consistent view of phytoplankton pigments on global scales, and analysis of this temporally undersampled data set is proving very instructive in specifying mission requirements for SeaWiFS and future algorithm development

Satellite detection of phytoplankton export from the mid-Atlantic Bight during the 1979 spring bloom

Analysis of Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS) imagery confirms shipboard and in situ moored fluorometer observations of resuspension of near-bottom chlorophyll within surface waters (1 to 10 m) by northwesterly wind events in the mid-Atlantic Bight. As much as 8 to 16 micrograms chl/l are found during these wind events from March to May, with a seasonal increase of algal biomass until onset of stratification of the water column. Rapid sinking or downwelling apparently occurs after subsequent wind events, however, such that the predominant surface chlorophyll pattern is approx. 0.5 to 1.5 micrograms/l over the continental shelf during most of the spring bloom. Perhaps half of the chlorophyll increase observed by satellite during a wind resuspension event represents in-situ production during the 4 to 5 day interval, with the remainder attributed to accumulation of algal biomass previously produced and temporarily stored within near-bottom water. Present calculations suggest that about 10% of the primary production of the spring bloom may be exported as ungrazed phytoplankton carbon from mid-Atlantic shelf waters to those of the continental slope

Superflux I, II, and III experiment design: Remote sensing aspects

The Chesapeake Bay plume study called Superflux is described. The study was initiated to incorporate the disciplines of both resources management and remote sensing in accomplishing the following objectives: (1) process oriented research to understand the impact of estuarine outflows on continental shelf ecosystems; (2) monitoring and assessment to delineate the role of remote sensing in future monitoring and assessment programs; and (3) remote sensing research: to advance the state of the art in remote sensing systems as applied to sensing of the marine environment, thereby hastening the day when remote sensing can be used operationally for monitoring and assessment and for process oriented research

Spatial patterns in temperature and chlorophyll on Nantucket Shoals from airborne remote sensing data, May 7-9, 1981

Spatial patterns in 4 aerial mappings of temperature and chlorophyll over Nantucket Shoals were analyzed using a variety of statistical techniques. The goal was to determine whether statistical methods could provide insight concerning phytoplankton dynamics on the Shoals. Statistical techniques included a covariance analysis of large scale trends and a spectral analysis of detrended data. Airborne remote sensors had provided the necessary synopticity in which to observe temporal variability on scales of 0.5–2 days. Maximum correlations between chlorophyll, temperature and depth occurred at nonzero lags, suggesting westward movement of water over the Shoals and a time lag in phytoplankton growth. Covariance patterns in data taken at the same time of day and phase of tide are notably similar. Power spectra of chlorophyll in 2 distinct regions of phytoplankton patches were different in shape. Horizontal variation in nutrients affecting growth rates on scales of 10–25 km could account for the differences

Analysis of ALOPE data from Superflux

Remote sensing data collected with the airborne lidar oceanographic probing experiment (ALOPE) laser fluorosensor during the Superflux 1 and Superflux 2 experiments were analyzed using two techniques. A qualitative technique which requires no supplementary data provided a near-real-time estimate of relative abundance of the golden-brown and green phytoplankton color groups. Contour plots developed for the later mission are used to demonstrate the utility of this technique. A quantitative technique which requires supplementary data to define the attenuation coefficient provides chlorophyll a concentration by color group. The sum of the golden-brown and green chlorophyll a data yields total chlorophyll a values which may be compared with in situ data. As expected, the golden-brown population was dominant in the Chesapeake Bay and the Bay plume whereas the green population was dominant in shelf waters

”Voisihan tuo olla tärkeää nuorelle opettajalle.” Nuorten opettajien käsityksiä täydennyskoulutuksen merkityksestä induktiovaiheessa.

Työhöntulo- eli induktiovaihe voi aiheuttaa haasteita nuorelle opettajalle. Opettajankoulutuksessa on perehdytty opettajan ammatissa tarvittavaan teoreettiseen tietoon, mutta ensimmäisen työpaikan kouluyhteisö ei ole tuttu, eikä työn tuomaa käytännön kokemusta ole yleensä ehtinyt karttua. Induktiovaiheessa oleville opettajille ei ole olemassa systemaattista perehdytys- ja tukijärjestelmää Suomessa. Pro gradu -tutkielmani tarkoituksena on selvittää, minkälaisia käsityksiä nuorilla opettajilla on täydennyskoulutuksesta induktiovaiheessa. Näitä käsityksiä alettiin tutkia työhöntulovaiheen sekä täydennyskoulutuksen kautta. Tutkimus on toteutettu hyödyntämällä valmista aineistoa ja käyttäen fenomenografista analyysimenetelmää sekä kuvailevaa tarkastelua. Tämä opinnäytetyö on tehty osana Arktinen uudistava ja tutkiva opettajuus -hanketta (ArkTOP). Analyysini tulokset osoittavat, että nuoret opettajat haluavat enemmän täydennyskoulutusta. Erityisesti omassa koulussa, lähikoulussa tai jossain muualla ulkopuolisen kouluttajan toimesta tapahtuvalle, tieto- ja viestintätekniikkaa tai eriyttämistä käsittelevälle täydennyskoulutukselle on tilausta. Fenomenografisen analyysin tulokseksi saatiin nuorten opettajien täydennyskoulutuskäsityksiä kuvaava kolmiosainen tulosavaruus. Kuvailevan tarkastelun tulokset tarkentavat fenomenografisesta analyysista saatuja tuloksia. Tutkimuksen tuloksia voidaan hyödyntää, kun mietitään tulevaisuudessa järjestettäviä nuorille opettajille suunnattuja täydennyskoulutuksia. Lopussa on pohdittu, miten käyttämäni aineisto vaikutti tuloksiin ja miten täydennyskoulutusta voitaisiin kehittää tulevaisuudessa. Olisi tärkeää tutkia, miten induktiovaiheessa olevien opettajien käsitykset täydennyskoulutuksesta eroavat pidempään töissä olleiden opettajien käsityksistä