Properties and water absorption rate of paraffin wax coated paperboard

Paper and paperboard are the most popular packaging material nowadays. This is due to its low cost of production and biodegradable properties. Paper and paperboard are better than traditional plastics as a packaging material because of its value and sustainability. Coated paper and paperboard can be explained as a paper which is covered by a layer of plastics material or chemical which can improve the surface appearance and the mechanical properties of the paper itself..

Fabrication and physical properties of pipe based on fiberglass reinforced with plastic waste in-plant application system

The word "waste" comes a vision of a material with no worth or helpful purpose. However, technology is evolving that holds promise for mistreatment waste or recycled plastics to create an array of high-performance composite product that are themselves doubtless reusable. The plastic waste is currently a significant environmental threat to current civilisation..

Kaedah pengajaran kemahiran insaniah dalam program kejuruteraan di politeknik Malaysia

Kemahiran insaniah merupakan antara kemahiran yang diperlukan bagi memastikan graduan memenuhi keperluan pasaran pekerjaan. Kebanyakan graduan kejuruteraan mahir dalam kemahiran teknikal namun kurang penguasaan dalam kemahiran insaniah. Kekurangan ilmu pengetahuan yang releven dalam kalangan pensyarah untuk mengenal pasti kaedah dan cara yang bersesuaian dalam proses p&p menjadi salah satu punca kurangnya kemahiran insaniah diaplikasikan, Kajian ini bertujuan mengena1 pasti kesan kaedah pengajaran terhadap pengaplikasian kemahiran insaniah dalam program kejuruteraan bagi pelajar kejuruteraan di politeknik Malaysia. 488 orang pelajar dan 332 orang pensyarah bidang kejuruteraan di PSP, POLIMAS, PSMZA, PKK, PKM dan PSIS telah disoal rnenggunakan instrumen soal selidik dan temu bual. Dapatan kajian mendapati tahap aplikasi kemahiran insaniah dalam program kejuruteraan di politeknik berada di tahap sederhana dan kemahiran kerja berpasukan merupakan kemahiran insaniah yang paling kerap diaplikasikan oleh pelajar. Penggunaan kaedah p&p bagi mengaplikasikan kemahiran insaniah dalam program kejuruteraan adalah berbeza-beza mengikut elemen kemahiran insaniah. Pengkaji mendapati kaedah projek berkesan bagi pengaplikasian kemahiran 'kepimpinan, pembelajaran berterusan & pengurusan maklumat, kemahiran berpasukan dan kemahiran keusahawanan. Kemahiran menyelesaikan masalah dan kemahiran berpasukan dapat diaplikasikan oleh pelajar secara efektif apabila pensyarah menggunakan kaedah amali manakala kemahiran komunikasi dapat diaplikasiakan melalui kaedah syarahan. Kajian ini turut mendapati kaedah lawatan berkesan bagi mengaplikasikan etika moral dan profesional dalam kalangan pelajar. Pengkaji juga mendapati terdapat hubungan antara tahap pengaplikasian elemen kemahiran insaniah dengan kaedah P&P yang digunakan oleh pensyarah. Berdasarkan hubungan tersebut, pengkaji telah menghasilkan model SoSTeM sebagai model aplikasi kemahiran insaniah untuk pelajar kejuruteraan

Factors of food premises not attaining "A" grading in Sabah, Malaysia Borneo

Introduction: Up to 70% of the food-water related illness is related to food services hygiene and safety standard. An important and crucial enforcement operation conducted by this division is the inspection of premises and food sampling. This is of paramount importance as food premise grading is directly related to consumers’ health and safety which is in line with the third United Nations Sustainable Developmental Goal of good health and wellbeing. Aim: This study aims to identify the components and factors that are commonly related with food premises that do not obtain an “A” grading. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2017 among 315 food premises in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah that were under the jurisdiction of The Kota Kinabalu City Hall. Data from the food premise inspection forms were reviewed and analysed via multivariate analysis. Results: Premises that were non-compliant with health checks on all food handlers (OR 36.72, 95% CI 10.00-135.44), poor condition of the toilets (OR 6.96, 95% CL 2.35-20.63), ineffective fly control (OR 10.35, 95% CI 1.91-56.02), no availability of garbage cans (OR 3.01, 95% CI 1.01-9.01) and no separate storage for food items and chemical (OR 3.11, 95% 1.06-9.07) were significantly associated with not obtaining “A” grading. Conclusion: More focus and attention need to be paid to these factors not only for premises to attain “A” grading but also to improve the safety and hygiene of food that is consumed by the public

CHEMICAL ANALYSIS DENDROCALAMUS ASPER BAMBOO AND SUITABILITY FOR PULP AND PAPER

The chemical analysis of bamboo species, namely Dendrocalamusasper or popular named as BuluhBetong has been evaluated. From the age of 3 years, this species shows different chemical properties related to holocellulose, cellulose, solvent extraction, alkali solubility, lignin, hot water solubility, cold water solubility, ash, silica and pentosan. Holocellulose content of about 60.48% to 64.75%, cellulose content of about 35.73% to 43.14%, for all bamboo segments indicated as a suitable material for pulp and papermaking. Low level of solvent extractive of about 5.09% to 6.23%, hot water soluble of about 6.29% 9.49% and cold water soluble of about 9.35% to 10.49% also produced the content that cannot interfere with the paper-making process. In addition, the low ash and silica content for all sections of bamboo will indicate a normal alkali consumption and give little challenge to the operational process. High pentosan content in the middle and top sections between 16.32% and 20.88% and lignin content of around 39.27% to 32.51% also promise little challenge for pulping as compared to the bottom section. Therefore, based on the overall findings, the middle section, and the top section had an advantage over the bottom section. As a result, the middle and top sections are best used as a new material in pulp and paper making process

CHEMICAL ANALYSIS DENDROCALAMUS ASPER BAMBOO AND SUITABILITY FOR PULP AND PAPER

RACT The chemical analysis of bamboo species, namely Dendrocalamusasper or popular named as BuluhBetong has been evaluated. From the age of 3 years, this species shows different chemical properties related to holocellulose, cellulose, solvent extraction, alkali solubility, lignin, hot water solubility, cold water solubility, ash, silica and pentosan. Holocellulose content of about 60.48% to 64.75%, cellulose content of about 35.73% to 43.14%, for all bamboo segments indicated as a suitable material for pulp and papermaking. Low level of solvent extractive of about 5.09% to 6.23%, hot water soluble of about 6.29% 9.49% and cold water soluble of about 9.35% to 10.49% also produced the content that cannot interfere with the paper-making process. In addition, the low ash and silica content for all sections of bamboo will indicate a normal alkali consumption and give little challenge to the operational process. High pentosan content in the middle and top sections between 16.32% and 20.88% and lignin content of around 39.27% to 32.51% also promise little challenge for pulping as compared to the bottom section. Therefore, based on the overall findings, the middle section, and the top section had an advantage over the bottom section. As a result, the middle and top sections are best used as a new material in pulp and paper making process

CHEMICAL ANALYSIS DENDROCALAMUS ASPER BAMBOO AND SUITABILITY FOR PULP AND PAPER

The chemical analysis of bamboo species, namely Dendrocalamusasper or popular named as BuluhBetong has been evaluated. From the age of 3 years, this species shows different chemical properties related to holocellulose, cellulose, solvent extraction, alkali solubility, lignin, hot water solubility, cold water solubility, ash, silica and pentosan. Holocellulose content of about 60.48% to 64.75%, cellulose content of about 35.73% to 43.14%, for all bamboo segments indicated as a suitable material for pulp and papermaking. Low level of solvent extractive of about 5.09% to 6.23%, hot water soluble of about 6.29% 9.49% and cold water soluble of about 9.35% to 10.49% also produced the content that cannot interfere with the paper-making process. In addition, the low ash and silica content for all sections of bamboo will indicate a normal alkali consumption and give little challenge to the operational process. High pentosan content in the middle and top sections between 16.32% and 20.88% and lignin content of around 39.27% to 32.51% also promise little challenge for pulping as compared to the bottom section. Therefore, based on the overall findings, the middle section, and the top section had an advantage over the bottom section. As a result, the middle and top sections are best used as a new material in pulp and paper making process