A Systematic Review on the Synoptic Operative Report Versus the Narrative Operative Report in Surgery

Background Proper documentation is an essential part of patient safety and quality of care in the surgical field. Surgical procedures are traditionally documented in narrative operative reports which are subjective by nature and often lack essential information. This systematic review will analyze the added value of the newly emerged synoptic reporting technique in the surgical setting. Methods A systematic review was conducted to compare the completeness and the user-friendliness of the synoptic operative report to the narrative operative report. A literature search was performed in EMBASE, Ovid MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Google Scholar for studies published up to April 6, 2018. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale was utilized for the risk of bias assessment of the included articles. PROSPERO registration number was: CRD42018093770. Results Overall and subsection completion of the operative report was higher in the synoptic operative report. The time until completion of the operative report and the data extraction time were shorter in the synoptic report. One exception was the specific details section concerning the operative procedure, as this was generally reported more frequently in the narrative report. The use of mandatory fields in the synoptic report resulted in more completely reported operative outcomes with completion percentages close to 100%. Conclusions Th

Electronic structure, linear, nonlinear optical susceptibilities and birefringence of CuInX2 (X = S, Se, Te) chalcopyrite-structure compounds

The electronic structure, linear and nonlinear optical properties have been calculated for CuInX2 (X=S, Se, Te) chalcopyrite-structure single crystals using the state-of-the-art full potential linear augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method. We present results for band structure, density of states, and imaginary part of the frequency-dependent linear and nonlinear optical susceptibilities. We find that these crystals are semiconductors with direct band gaps. We have calculated the birefringence of these crystals. The birefringence is negative for CuInS2 and CuInSe2 while it is positive for CuInTe2 in agreement with the experimental data. Calculations are reported for the frequency-dependent complex second-order non-linear optical susceptibilities . The intra-band and inter-band contributions to the second harmonic generation increase when we replace S by Se and decrease when we replace Se by Te. We find that smaller energy band gap compounds have larger values of in agreement with the experimental data and previous theoretical calculations.Comment: 17 pages, 6 figure

In vitro selection of rhizobacteria for increasing drought tolerance of tomato plants

This study was conducted to select native rhizobacteria (RB) isolates promising to increase tolerance of tomato plants against drought. Tomato plant samples were collected to isolate RB from both open field and protected plantations during the summer season. A total of 392 RB strains were isolated and identified by classical diagnosis tests, and their plant growth-promoting properties were determined. The RB strains were tested for drought resistance under osmotic stress induced by polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG) at 20%. A total of 48 RB strains with higher tolerance to in vitro PEG induced drought were selected and tested for their effects on drought tolerance of tomato 'MSC-50' at seed germination stage. Seed inoculation was made as seed coating, drought stress was induced by PEG at 4%. The test was made according to ISTA rules using paper towels moistened PEG or distilled water as a control. After 14 days; the data regarding germination percentage, root length (cm), shoot length (cm) and germination % were recorded and the vigour index was calculated. Twelve RB strains resulted in an increase in vigour index under PEG induced drought conditions compared to their control. Molecular identification by 16S rRNA primers of these RB showed that 10 of tested RB strains belonged to Bacillus genus, and there was 1 RB strain from Pantoea and 1 RB strain from Pseudomonas genus. In vivo testing, these RB strains for their effects on tomato plant growing in growth chamber and greenhouse are in progress. © 2021 International Society for Horticultural Science. All rights reserved.This research was supported by the Turkish Scientific Research Council “TUBITAK” (Contract No: 117O126).117O12

The role of the substantia nigra pars reticulata in kindling resistance in rats with genetic absence epilepsy

WOS: 000363884100025PubMed ID: 26471261ObjectiveGenetic Absence Epilepsy Rats from Strasbourg (GAERS) show a resistance to secondary generalization of focal limbic seizures evoked by kindling. The substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNR) is involved in the propagation and modulation of seizures in kindling. We first examined the role of the SNRanterior and SNRposterior subregions in the resistance to the development of kindling in GAERS. Subsequently, to determine whether kindling resistance relates to differential sensitivity of -aminobutyric acid -aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic or dopaminergic SNR neurons to kindling, we studied the effects of kindling-inducing stimulations on parvalbumin (PRV; GABAergic neuron marker) or tyrosine hydroxylase (TH; dopaminergic neuron marker) immunoreactivity (ir), respectively, in GAERS and in nonepileptic control (NEC) Wistar rats that lack kindling resistance. MethodsAdult male GAERS were implanted with a stimulation electrode in the amygdala, and bilateral injection cannulas for lidocaine or saline injection (30 min before each kindling stimulation until the animals reached three stage 5 seizures or the 22 stimulations) into the SNRanterior or SNRposterior. In another experiment, PRV-ir in SNRanterior and SNRposterior and TH-ir in SNRposterior only were densitometrically compared in GAERS-SHAM, NEC-SHAM GAERS-STIM, and NEC-STIM animals (6 kindling stimulations). ResultsBilateral SNRposterior infusions of lidocaine eliminated the kindling resistance and resulted in stage 5 generalized motor seizures in all kindled rats. Bilateral lidocaine infusions in the SNRanterior failed to alter the kindling resistance in GAERS. PRV-ir in the SNRposterior was unaltered in GAERS-STIM but increased in NEC-STIM group. Cellular TH-ir in the SNRposterior significantly increased by kindling stimulations in both NEC-STIM and GAERS-STIM groups. SignificanceThe kindling resistance in GAERS is mediated by the SNRposterior in a lidocaine-sensitive manner. The insensitivity to kindling stimulation of PRV-ir in SNRposterior of GAERS but not NEC rats, implicate GABAergic SNRposterior neurons in kindling resistance. In contrast, the observed stimulation-specific increase in TH-ir in the SNRposterior is unrelated to kindling resistance.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [111S209]; Marmara University Research Council; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) [NS078333, NS020253]; U.S. Department of Defense [W81XWH-13-1-0180]; Citizens United for Research in Epilepsy (CURE), UCB; Heffer Family Foundation; Barry Segal Family Foundation; Abbe Goldstein/Joshua Lurie and Laurie Marsh/Dan Levitz families; NINDS [NS078333, NS091170]; CURE, UCBThis study was supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK), Project No: 111S209, and Marmara University Research Council. SLM received research grants from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS; NS078333, NS020253), U.S. Department of Defense (W81XWH-13-1-0180), Citizens United for Research in Epilepsy (CURE), UCB, the Heffer Family and Barry Segal Family Foundations, and the Abbe Goldstein/Joshua Lurie and Laurie Marsh/Dan Levitz families. ASG received research grants from NINDS (NS078333, NS091170), U.S. Department of Defense (W81XWH-13-1-0180), CURE, UCB, the Heffer Family and Barry Segal Family Foundations, and the Abbe Goldstein/Joshua Lurie and Laurie Marsh/Dan Levitz families