Maternal Health Accessibility in Tangerang District Banten, 2006

Indonesia has developed many programs to reduce maternal death, which is beliefs related to access to maternal care, but still only limited pregnant women have access to health facility. This research tried to show which variables that contribute the decision to utilize the maternal health care. Using secondary data from survey “Kinerja Pelayanan Kesehatan berdasarkan Indikator Kabupaten Tangerang Sehat 2010”, conducted in 2006, by the Health District Office, Kabupaten Tangerang-Banten.. Maternal health utilization was consisted of complete antenatal care (ANC) examination, and delivery attended by professional birth attendance. In term of the ante natal care (ANC), 97.6% of the respondents had at least one time ANC to the health personnel, and 85.7% to the midwife. Complete ANC and at least 4 times meet medical personnel (K4) was 52.5%. Delivery by professional health attendance was around 80.3%, and 70.7% of the delivery were obtained in the health facility. Maternal health utilization is explained by variables ATP (ability to pay) from economic accessibility, and from the social accessibility by knowledge of ANC, knowledge of risk from the pregnancy, risk of giving birth and the involvement in decision making process to choose service delivery, but there was no physical accessibility could explained the utilization difference. Multilevel analysis proved that there was a random intercept from level I to level II, with MOR=2.13. It means there was a difference in median of OR in the level I to level II. The difference can be explained by the supply factor, which is measured by midwife ratio to 10.000 population, with IOR (0.24 – 4.16). Since the variation of IOR exceeded 1, it means the variation among the sub-district is relatively bigger than the contextual variable (midwife ratio). Still this research could explain that midwives were playing the very important role in maternal health accessibility in district level

Faktor Dominan yang Mempengaruhi Kejadian Malaria di Perdesaan

Malaria outbreak in the period of 1998-2003 was occurred in 15 province including 84 endemic villages with number of cases of 27 000 and deaths of 368. Big cattles such as cow, horse and buffalo have been known as cattle barrier for malaria, while others have not been investigated yet. The objective of this research was to know the dominant factor related to cattle which influenced malaria in village area. The secondary data from ‘Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2007” had been used in this research with total population of 618593 who lived in village area and was analyzed using logistic regression test. Cattle as independent variable was divided into four categories, they were poultry (chicken, bird, and duck), big cattle (cow, horse and buffalo), medium cattle (pig, sheep, and goat), and small cattle (cat, dog, and rabbit). The most dominant factor for protection of malaria was medium cattle (pig, sheep, and, goat) as protective with Odds Ratio of 0.52 (0.50-0.54). The other cattle had Odds Ratios less than 2, although they had p value < 0.05. The medium cattle was the dominant factor influenced malaria in village area, while others did not have effect

The Correlation Between Eating Utensils and Place of Sales in the Contamination of Escherichia Coli in Food Sold at Campus Food Stalls

Up to now, in general, the safety of food that is sold at any canteens in the campuses, the eating utensils are handled and the food stalls are managed are still uncertain. This research was aimed to understand the correlation between the eating utensils handling and the contamination of Escherichia coli (E. coli) in the food sold by the food vendors in the campus. The cross-sectional design research applied on the food stalls in the university campus in Depok with a total number of 173 consumers as respondents. The variables observed as independent variables were the sanitation of the eating utensils and the sanitation of the dining place. The examination method of the Most Probable Number (MPN) for E. coli was conducted to assess the food&rsquo;s hygiene. The data analyzed using the chi-square test and followed by the logistic regression. The result showed that more than half of the food samples (59.54%) were contaminated by E. coli. The storage place of the eating utensils was most significantly correlated with the E. coli contamination of the served food with an OR=0.45 (0.21-0.87). Therefore, it is necessary to promote the awareness of this risk and reinforce supervision by the Health Authorities and by the management of the place of sales to provide guidance to the food vendors and to the consumers as well. Further research is recommended to observe the E. coli contamination through clean water, eating utensils, the hands of the consumers and the napkins used to wipe dry the eating utensils

Hubungan Peran Dan Fungsi Manajemen Kepala Ruangan Dengan Keberhasilan Pelaksanaan Program Pengendalian Infeksi Nosokomial

This article are study aimed to find the correlation between the role and function of management of ward manager and the achievement of nosocomial infection control activities. The descriptive analytical method with cross sectional approach was used in this study. Total population of 43 ward managers of a hospital as the respondent. The findings with used force model showed that there was significant correlation between the role and function of management of ward manager and the achievement of nosocomial infection control activities. Multivariate analysis without force model showed that the ward manager who performed their planning function effectively could increase the achievement of nosocomial infection control 8,977 times more than the ward manager who did not perform their planning function effectively. Furthermore, the ward manager who performed their directing function effectively could increase the achievement of nosocomial infection control 21,411 times more than the ward manager who did not perform their directing function effectively. Based on the results, it is recommended that the ward manager as the front line of managers in the hospital to improve their role and function in controlling nosocomial infection

Penggunaan Model Standard Deviational Ellipse (Sde) Pada Analisis Kasus Penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue Di Kota Banjar Tahun 2013

Dengue Fever Disease is still regarded as an endemic disease in Banjar City. Information is still required to map dengue fever case distribution, mean center of case distribution, and the direction of dengue fever case dispersion in order to support the surveillance program in the relation to the vast area of the dengue fever disease control program. The objective of the research is to obtain information regarding the area of dengue fever disease distribution in Banjar City by utilizing the Standard Deviational Ellipse (SDE) model. The research is an observational study with Explanatory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA). Data analysis uses SDE model with the scope of the entire sub district area in Banjar City. The data analyzed is dengue fever case from 2007-2013 periods, with the number of sample of 315 cases. Social demographic overview of dengue fever patients in Banjar City shows that most of the patients are within the productive age, with 39.7% within the school age and 45.7% are within the work age. Most of the dengue fever patients are men (58.1%). Distribution of dengue fever cases from the period of 2007 until 2012 mostly occur in 25-37.5 meters above sea level (MASL) (55.8%). The SDE models of dengue fever cases in Banjar City generally form dispersion patterns following the x-axis and clustered by physiographic boundaries. The SDE model can be used to discover dispersion patterns and directions of dengue fever cases, therefore, dengue fever disease control program can be conducted based on local-specific information, in order to support health decision

DETERMINANTS OF EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING CESSATION IN INDONESIA

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding is one of the essential things in the early life of a baby. Historical, socio-economic, cultural, and individual factors influenced the decision of initiation and behavior of breastfeeding. This study aimed to examine the determinants of cessation of exclusive breastfeeding in Indonesia. Subjects and Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted by using secondary data from the Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) 2017. A total of 1,497 mothers aged 15-49 years old with infants aged 0-5 month was selected by total sampling. The dependent variable was the cessation of exclusive breastfeeding. The independent variables were maternal age, living place, level of maternal education, work status, wealth index, number of live births, and infant age. The data were analyzed using multiple logistic regression. Results: Maternal age (cOR= 1.27; 95% CI= 0.81 to 1.98; p= 0.293), residence (aOR= 1.98; 95% CI= 1.36 to 2.91; p= 0.008), number of live births (aOR= 1.82; 95% CI= 1.06 to 3.12; p= 0.036), and work status (cOR= 1.18; 95% CI= 0.80 to 1.74; p= 0.417) increased the cessation of exclusive breastfeeding, and it was statistically significant except for maternal age and work status. Maternal education (cOR= 0.76; 95% CI= 0.46 to 1.24; p= 0.266), wealth index (cOR= 0.92; 95% CI= 0.58 to 1.47; p= 0.728), and infant age (aOR= 0.88; 95% CI= 0.79 to 0.99; p= 0.033) decreased the cessation of exclusive breastfeeding, it was statistically insignificant except for infant age. Conclusion: Residence, number of live births increase the cessation of exclusive breastfeeding. Maternal education and wealth index decrease the cessation of exclusive breastfeeding. Keywords: cessation, exclusive breastfeeding, determinants, IDHS Correspondence: Enka Nur Ishmatika. Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, 16424. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6281240293100

Kinerja Perawat CMHN Berdasarkan Faktor Pengorganisasian Program CMHN

This quantitative and qualitative research was aimed to identify the performance of 55 CMHN nurses, the influencing factors of their work performance, and nurse\u27s perception toward dominant factors of the performance. The chi-square identified that gender (p= 0,047, α= 0,05), education (p= 0,001, α= 0,05), recruitment process (p= 0,006, α= 0,05), training (p= 0,0001, α= 0,05), supervision (p= 0,022, α= 0,05), management support factor (p= 0,006, α= 0,05) were significantly related to the CMHN nurse\u27s work performance. For the approach of qualitative analysis conducted with the technique of content analysis. The qualitative content analysis from the in-depth interview result showed CMHN nurses gained knowledge, skill, experience, and productivity improvement through CMHN training. CMHN program was suggested to be applied at level of province, district/ town to increase the quality of community mental health nursing service

Opportunity of Mobile Telemedicine Technology for Cervical Cancer Screening in Developing Countries: A Systematic Review

Background: Cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in females. How­ever, a large-scale screening of precancerous lesions with cytology is hardly possible, because of the lack of specialists and infrastructures. Telemedicine describes the use of mobile phone including picture, video, or email to exchange information in the context of health care between patients, providers, consultants, and content for the purpose of education, evaluation, decision-making, and treatment. The purpose of this study was to systematically review the opportunity of mobile telemedicine technology for cervical cancer screening in developing countries. Subjects and Method: A systematic review was conducted by searching published article from PubMed, Sage Publications, Scopus, and ProQuest online journal data­bases. The research question was formulated in PICOS format: (1) Population; (2) Intervention; (3) Comparison; (4) Outcome; and (5) Study design. An initial search found 401 articles. 8 articles were met criteria and selected for this study. Results: Mobile telemedicine is used as a complementary alternative intervention to increase the coverage of early detection of cervical cancer. Visual inspection acetic acid and complemented with digital photography has been used in Rwanda with a significant success. The health workers use a digital camera to capture images of the cervix and share it with remote experts for consultation and further diagnosis. In a different example, the Botswana model involves taking images of the cervix using mobile smartphone and transmitting the images to remote experts through multimedia messaging service (MMS). Conclusion: Mobile telemedicine offers a potential complementary screening method for pre cervical cancer lesion diagnosis. Keywords: telemedicine, cervical cancer, screening, developing countr