THE EFFECT OF SOME ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON MILK COMPOSITION OF ANATOLIAN BUFFALOES

WOS: 000413672900011The aim of this study was to determine the composition of raw milk from Anatolian water buffaloes raised under different village conditions in the Tokat province of Northern Turkey. The study materials included 600 milk samples from 120 water buffaloes raised at different farms in 12 separate villages of the Erbaa, Turhal, and Pazar counties in the Tokat Province. The dry matter, nonfat dry matter (or solid non fat), fat, protein, lactose, and casein content of the milk samples were determined. The study results demonstrated that the mean dry matter, nonfat dry matter, fat, protein, lactose, and casein content of the raw milk samples were 16.99 +/- 0.108%, 10.88 +/- 0.036%, 5.98 +/- 0.107%, 4.85 +/- 0.043%, 5.17 +/- 0,021%, and 3.61 +/- 0.036%, respectively. The study data were evaluated according to the water buffaloes' lactation stage, parity, and season by using the SPSS statistical program. It was concluded that the sampling time, parity, village conditions, stage of lactation and calving age had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on the dry matter, nonfat dry matter, fat, protein, lactose, and casein content of raw milk from the Anatolian water buffalo.Ahi Evran University Scientific Research Projects Coordination UnitAhi Evran University [ZRT.E2.16.008]; General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies in Tokat provinceThis work was supported by the Ahi Evran University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit. Project Number: ZRT.E2.16.008. This study's data were obtained from the scope of the project of improvement of Anatolian buffalo in public hand supported by General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies in Tokat province. We would like to thank Tokat Water Buffalo Breeders' Association for valuable technical assistance

Omecamtiv mecarbil in chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, GALACTIC‐HF: baseline characteristics and comparison with contemporary clinical trials

Aims: The safety and efficacy of the novel selective cardiac myosin activator, omecamtiv mecarbil, in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is tested in the Global Approach to Lowering Adverse Cardiac outcomes Through Improving Contractility in Heart Failure (GALACTIC‐HF) trial. Here we describe the baseline characteristics of participants in GALACTIC‐HF and how these compare with other contemporary trials. Methods and Results: Adults with established HFrEF, New York Heart Association functional class (NYHA) ≥ II, EF ≤35%, elevated natriuretic peptides and either current hospitalization for HF or history of hospitalization/ emergency department visit for HF within a year were randomized to either placebo or omecamtiv mecarbil (pharmacokinetic‐guided dosing: 25, 37.5 or 50 mg bid). 8256 patients [male (79%), non‐white (22%), mean age 65 years] were enrolled with a mean EF 27%, ischemic etiology in 54%, NYHA II 53% and III/IV 47%, and median NT‐proBNP 1971 pg/mL. HF therapies at baseline were among the most effectively employed in contemporary HF trials. GALACTIC‐HF randomized patients representative of recent HF registries and trials with substantial numbers of patients also having characteristics understudied in previous trials including more from North America (n = 1386), enrolled as inpatients (n = 2084), systolic blood pressure &lt; 100 mmHg (n = 1127), estimated glomerular filtration rate &lt; 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 (n = 528), and treated with sacubitril‐valsartan at baseline (n = 1594). Conclusions: GALACTIC‐HF enrolled a well‐treated, high‐risk population from both inpatient and outpatient settings, which will provide a definitive evaluation of the efficacy and safety of this novel therapy, as well as informing its potential future implementation

Effect of ankle taping and bandaging on balance and proprioception among healthy volunteers

Background Ankle sprains are one of the most frequent injuries between athletes. After an ankle injury, 72% of patients will experience some degree of functional impairment (proprioception, ankle stability, and balance), which leads to changes in sporting and occupational activities. In the literature, there is no enough information about how bandaging and taping can affect the ankle sprain treatment and rehabilitation process. Method Seventy-four healthy participants, the age range was 18-30 years old participated in this study. The participants were divided into two groups (taping, and bandaging groups). Proprioception and balance have been measured four times (before using tap, 20 min after using tap, 24 h after using tap, and after removing the tap). Results In both groups (bandaging group and taping group), proprioception and balance significantly increased immediately after using tape and bandage, after 24 h of using tape and bandage, and after 48 h using tape and bandage when compared to the baseline measurements. There were no significant differences in proprioception and balance between groups. Conclusion Ankle tape and bandage can significantly improve balance and proprioception in the uninjured ankle during the entire interval of their use

The Role of Essay Writing Course, Given along with Comprehension-based Instruction, on the Writing Skill Development of High School Students

This paper aims to analyze the effect of Essay Writing Course, given as specific writing skill instruction along with comprehension-based instruction, on the writing skill development of high school students. The paper is based on a quantitative study conducted in true experimental design. According to the Comprehension Hypothesis (Krashen, 1994, 2003), a comprehension-based instruction with an emphasis on reading and listening practice as receptive skills, will eventually lead to students’ improvement in writing and speaking as productive skills, and to their overall language development. Besides, specific writing skill instruction and effective writing practices have a proven record of success in enhancing students’ writing (Graham, 2018). Within the scope of this study, to determine if there is a meaningful difference in between the writing skill development of the students who take Essay Writing Course and of those who do not take any rhetorical course, apart from the comprehension-based instruction, the first and final writing exam scores and achievement levels of two groups of students are compared by a series of paired sample and independent t-tests, analyzed in SPSS and discussed in the scope of the study. It can be concluded from the results of the analysis that the experimental group, given the Essay Writing Course as writing skill instruction is significantly more successful than the control group, not given any writing skill instruction apart from comprehension oriented instruction. Within the analysis, done in the study, it can be also claimed that Essay Writing Course has a positive impact over the writing skill development of high school students

Influence of pectoralis minor and upper trapezius lengths on observable scapular dyskinesis

Objectives: Although a relationship between short pectoralis minor and upper trapezius and scapular dyskinesis has been postulated, no studies have investigated this theory. Understanding the effect of these muscle lengths on observable scapular dyskinesis may aid in determining risks and therefore making treatment decisions. Being aware of the magnitude of this effect would help gauge the significance of risks involved. Our aim was to evaluate the influence of pectoralis minor and upper trapezius lengths on scapular dyskinesis

The Reliability of a Smartphone Goniometer Application Compared With a Traditional Goniometer for Measuring Ankle Joint Range of Motion

Background: Evaluation of range of motion (ROM) is integral to assessment of the musculoskeletal system, is required in health fitness and pathologic conditions, and is used as an objective outcome measure. Several methods are described to check ROM, each with advantages and disadvantages. Hence, this study introduces a new device using a smartphone goniometer to measure ankle joint ROM

Hand-Held Dynamometry in the Inpatient Care Setting After Total Knee Arthroplasty

Objectiv

Reliability, concurrent validity and minimal detectable change of the L test in patients with total knee arthroplasty

Purpos

Hand-Held Dynamometry in the Inpatient Care Setting After Total Knee Arthroplasty Reliability of Static Knee Strength Measurements

Objectiv

Reliability and minimal detectable change of the 2-minute walk test and Timed Up and Go test in patients with total hip arthroplasty

Purpose: Performance-based outcome measures are becoming increasingly important in health care. The 2-minute walk test (2MWT) and the Timed Up and Go test (TUG) are frequently used in clinical trials as performance-based tests in many diseases including osteoarthritis. The purposes of this study were: (1) to determine test-retest reliability of data for the 2MWT and the TUG; (2) to determine minimal detectable change (MDC) scores for the TUG and 2MWT in patients with total hip arthroplasty (THA). Methods: 37 patients, who had undergone primary THA, were included. Patients twice performed trials for the 2MWT and TUG on the same day. In addition to demographic data of patients, the Harris Hip Score, 2MWT and TUG scores were recorded. Results: The TUG and 2MWT showed excellent test-retest reliability. The Intraclass correlation coefficient ICC (2,1), Standard error of measurement (SEM) and minimal detectable chance at the 95% CI (MDC95) for TUG were 0.96, 0.59 seconds and 1.62 seconds respectively. The ICC (2,1), SEM and MDC95 for 2MWT were 0.96, 6.37 m and 17.56 m respectively. Conclusion: Clinicians and researchers can be confident that greater changes than 1.62 seconds for TUG and 17.56 m for the 2MWT over time represent a real clinical change in rehabilitation process in patients with THA. Both the 2MWT and TUG may assist in early identification of patients who may need additional rehabilitation to reduce the potential for poor outcomes after THA. Therefore, both of these tests can be used in a clinical setting with a small measurement error