An exploratory view of the foundations of foreign trade entrepreneurship

This study aims to reveal the foreign trade entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial tendency in the context of economic nationalism which expresses a protective approach in terms of foreign trade policy which is one of the main components of the policy of economics. The study was designed as a single case study from qualitative research designs. The sample of the study consists of foreign trade entrepreneurs who have been in foreign trade for at least five years and who are in the industry as a producer/manufacturer. In the study, the semi-structured interview technique was used for the data gathering process. A purposeful sampling technique was used in order to determine enterprises and individuals to conduct interviews. The findings of the data analysis showed that the foreign trade policy adopted by the individual is the basis of the commercial activity. The result of the study was examined in two dimensions as “foreign trade entrepreneurship” and “international entrepreneurship”. It shows that the companies are predominantly foreign trade entrepreneurs in the context of evaluating the income obtained from abroad, benefiting from incentives, future targets, opportunities and threats of foreign commercial activities. For this reason, the finding obtained reveals that the firms subject to the study are mainly economically nationalist. Considering this, it is suggested to support foreign trade entrepreneurs, who act mainly with an economically nationalist motivation, to find new market opportunities abroad, to increase the government incentives for bringing the foreign currency revenues to the country and to facilitate the access of companies to them

Satisfaction and expectation of the marble plants employees: A study in marble companies in Afyonkarahisar City

Küreselleşen iş yaşamında yaşanan gelişmeler, işletmelerin rekabet etme koşullarında da değişimi beraberinde getirmiştir. İşletmeler bu anlamda rakiplerinden daha avantajlı şartları ele geçirmek için yönetim uygulamalarında ve stratejilerinde farklılaşmalara gitmek zorunda kalmışlardır. Sözü edilen farklılaşma uygulamaları teknolojik yenileşmelerle kendini hissettirdiği gibi, insan kaynakları ve personel yönetimi politikalarını da etkilemiştir. Modern yönetim düşünürleri özellikle son yıllarda işletme içi müşteri grubu olarak adlandırılan işgörenlerin motivasyonunun önemini her fırsatta vurgulamışlar ve işletmelerdeki verimlilik hedeflerinin sağlanmasında bu kesimin tatmininin önemine göndermede bulunmuşlardır. Gerçekleştirilen çalışmada literatür araştırmalarının yanı sıra, Afyonkarahisar ilinin, dünya standartlarında rekabet edebilir sektörlerinin başında tanımlanan mermer işletmelerinde çalışan işgörenlerin, işletmelerden beklentilerini belirlemeye yönelik olarak geliştirilen anket çalışmasına da yer verilmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen anket çalışması, iki bölümden oluşturulmuştur. Anketin birinci bölümü, kişisel bilgi formu olarak hazırlanmış olup 10 sorudan oluşmaktadır. İkinci bölüm ise, iş görenlerin iş tatminini etkileyebileceği düşünülen etkenlere ilişkin 38 sorudan oluşmaktadır. Gerçekleştirilmiş olan anket çalışmasında elde edilen verilerin, işletme sahibi ve yöneticileriyle iş görenlerin arasında iletişimin daha sağlıklı bir boyutta gerçekleşmesine ve iş yaşamında verimliliği arttırmaya yönelik fikirler elde edilmesine katkı sağlaması hedeflenmektedir.The differences of the business circle have changed the rules of competition. The companies had to develop their management strategies to take advantage against to their competitors. These differences caused by technological developments so affected to human resources and personnel management strategies. Especially last years, contemporary philosophers usually underlined the significant of the employee’s motivation that named the client in company and mentioned to the importance of the satisfaction of this groups to reach the aims of productivities. In this study, besides the literature resources, it was given place to a statistical study aimed to analyze the expectations of the employee in marble sector of Afyonkarahisar which could compete to the world market. The statistical study consists of two parts. The first part was prepared 10 questions as a personal knowledge form and the second was 38 questions as to satisfactions and expectations of the employees. It was aimed to contribute to new ideas to develop the productivity of the business circle and increase the communication between employees and employers

Effects of Vasoactive Drug Use on Hemodynamics in Critical Disease Pediatic Patients

Introduction:The fact that critically ill pediatric patients have hemodynamic and metabolic characteristics different from that in adults plays a key role in the selection of vasoactive agent. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of vasoactive agent and agent groups on hemodynamics in order to effectively regulate impaired hemodynamics in critically ill pediatric patients, to provide early diagnosis, time-sensitive and targeted treatment and reduce side effects. Methods:Disease severity, vital signs, renal function, and laboratory data of 103 patients aged 1 to 18 years, who were treated in the pediatric intensive care unit and administered one or more vasoactive agents, were evaluated.Results:The average Pediatric Risk of Mortality (PRISM III-24) score in the dobutamine group was significantly higher than in the adrenalin-dobutamine group (p=0.048), and no statistically significant difference was observed between the other groups (p>0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the mean cardıac apex beat between dopamine, dobutamine, dopamine-dobutamine and dopamine-adrenaline groups (p=0.0001, p=0.0001 p=0.007 and p=0.011, reespectively). A statistically significant difference was observed in systolic blood pressure (SAB) between dopamine-dobutamine, dopamine-adrenaline and dopamine-dobutamine-adrenaline groups (p=0.003, p=0.00 and p=0.005, respectively). The S0 lactate levels in the adrenaline group were found to be statistically significantly higher than those in dopamine and adrenaline-dobutamine and dopamine-dobutamine-adrenaline groups (p=0.048, p=0.036 and p=0.045. There was a significant difference in S4 lactate values between dopamine-adrenaline and adrenaline-dobutamine groups and between dobutamine and adrenaline groups (p=0.045 and p=0.047, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference in the average central venous oxygen saturation (ScVO2) between dopamine, dobutamine, dopamine-dobutamine, dopamine-adrenaline, adrenaline-dobutamine, dopamine-dobutamine-adrenaline, dopamine-dobutamine-adrenaline-noradrenaline and adrenaline groups (p>0.05). A statistically significant difference was observed between the mean amounts of urine S0, S24 and S48 in the dobutamine group (p=0.002). The average S0 urine volume in the dobutamine group was found to be statistically significantly lower than the average S24, S48 urine volume (p=0.01 and p=0.03, respectively). No statistically significant difference was observed between the other times and groups (p>0.05).Conclusion:Blood lactate levels were significantly higher in the adrenaline group than in the other groups, while no significant difference was found in cardiac apex beat, SAB, ScVO2 and amount of urine between the groups. This elevation was limited to the first 4 hours, and the use of adrenaline together with dopamine and/or dobutamine significantly reduced the incidence of hyperlactatemia compared to the use of adrenaline alone. The use of dobutamine alone significantly increased the amount of urine within hours

Dış Ticaret Girişimciliği Potansiyeli Bağlamında Kamu Ve Vakıf Üniversitelerinin Karşılaştırılması

Bu araştırmanın amacı, potansiyel dış ticaret girişimcisi olarak ele alınan ve üniversitelerin (kamu[1] ve vakıf[2]) uluslararası ticaret bölümlerinde lisans düzeyinde öğrenim gören öğrencilerin dış ticaret girişimciliğine yönelik eğilimlerini ve dış ticaret girişim farkındalıklarını incelemektir. Bu araştırma, nicel araştırma yöntemine göre tasarlanmış bir araştırmadır. Araştırmanın verileri kolayda örnekleme yöntemi benimsenerek 278 öğrenciden elde edilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçları, vakıf üniversitesinde öğrenim gören öğrencilerin % 70’nin kendi işletmesini kurmak isteyen girişimci adayı olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Kamu üniversitesinde öğrenim gören öğrencilerin yaklaşık %65’i ise özel sektöre yönelmenin daha uygun olduğunu vurgulamışlardır. Dış ticaret girişimcilik eğilimi vakıf üniversitesinde öğrenim gören öğrencilerde kamu üniversitesine göre daha yüksek düzeydedir

Investigation on the Accuracy of Existing Qibla Directions of the Mosques from Different Periods: A Case Study in Çorum City, Turkey

The main goal of this study is to introduce two different approaches (i.e. based on spherical trigonometric formula and using sun qibla time) that can be used to determine the qibla directions of the existing mosques were oriented with sufficient accuracy according to Islamic criteria. In order to do this, eight mosques which were constructed in different periods, 14th, 16th, 17th and 21st centuries in Çorum City, Turkey, were handled. The existing qibla directions of each mosque were calculated with spherical trigonometric formula and compared with the precisely calculated real qibla directions. The existing qibla directions of the same mosques were once more compared with the real qibla directions which were determined by using the qibla time calculated based on the location and the time of the measurement. The results show that the qibla directions of the recently built mosques were oriented to Kâ’ba with higher accuracy while the earlier with more deviations. However, the results show that all the deviations were at acceptable levels in terms of Islamic criteria

Effect of blending conditions on the properties of EPDM/organoclay nanocomposites

17th International Conference on Composite Materials, ICCM-17; Edinburgh; United Kingdom; 27 July 2009 through 31 July 2009The effects of blending conditions on the microstructural and mechanical properties of EPDM / organo modified montmorillonite (OMMT) nanocomposites at various clay loadings were investigated. The effects of the processing conditions were manifested in both the morphology and mechanical properties, which showed significant increase when optimized process conditions are applied.TÜBİTAK-MAG project 106M15

Değişik doğaltaş agregaların kilitli beton parke bloklarının mekanik özelliklerine etkisinin incelenmesi

Akarsu yataklarından üretilen agregalann azalması nedeniyle kırmataş agrega üretimi her geçen gün önem kazanmaktadır. Bu nedenle değişik doğaltaş agregalann kullanılması giderek artmaktadır. Bu çalışmada 3 farklı doğaltaş (bazalt, andezit ve mermer) agregası kullanılarak , TS 2824 EN 1338 standardına uygun olarak kilitli beton parke blokları üretilmiş ve bu agregalann kilitli beton parke bloklannın mekanik özelliklerine etkisi incelenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında, en uygun karışım oranlan ile bazalt, andezit ve mermer agregalarmdan üretilen kilitli parke bloklanna 3 günlük, 7 günlük ve 28 günlük basınç dayanımı, aşınma dayanımı, donma-çözünmeye karşı dayanım ve su emme testleri yapılmıştır. Kilitli parke bloklannın 3, 7 ve 28 günlük ortalama basınç dayanımı sonuçlan bazalt için sırasıyla 2.95, 3.68 ve 4.48 MPa, andezit için 2.08, 2.96, 3.62 MPa ve mermer agregalan için 2.76, 3.68, 4.40 MPa olarak bulunmuştur. Yapılan testlere göre her üç agreganın da kilitli beton parke blokları üretiminde kullanılabilir özellikte olduğu belirlenmiştir.The production of crushed stone aggregate is gaining importance every day due to the reduction of aggregate produced from river beds. Thus, the usage of different natural stone aggregates has been increasing. In this research, 3 different natural stone (basalt, andesite and marble) aggregates are used in order to produce locked concrete paving stones according to TS 2824 EN 1338 standard. The effect of these aggregates on mechanical properties of locked concrete paving stones are analysed. This analysis consists of compressive strength, abrasion resistance, resistance to freeze-thaw and water absorption tests which were conducted for 3-days, 7-days and 28-days. The tests were applied to the paving stones made from optimal mixture ratios of basalt, andesite and marble aggregates. 3- days, 7-days and 28-days compressive strength test results for locked concrete paving stones are as follows respectively: for basalt aggregates 2.95, 3.68, 4.48 MPa for andesite aggregates 2.08, 2.96, 3.62 MPa and for marble aggregates 2.76, 3.68, 4.40 MPa. According to the test results, it was determined that all of the aggregates mentioned above can be used for production of locked concrete paving stones

Using hypergraph clustering for software architecture reconstruction of data-tier software

Software architecture reconstruction techniques aim at recovering software architecture documentation regarding a software system. These techniques mainly analyze coupling/dependencies among the software modules to group them and reason about the high-level structure of the system. Hereby, inter-dependencies among the software modules are mainly represented with design structure matrices or regular directed/undirected graphs. In this paper, we introduce a software architecture reconstruction approach that utilizes hypergraphs for representing inter-module dependencies. We show that these models are more appropriate for capturing dependencies other than direct call relations. We illustrate the application of the approach with an industrial PL/SQL program from the telecommunications domain. PL/SQL programs are mainly composed of procedures that are coupled due to commonly accessed database elements. We analyze and represent these dependencies in the form of a hypergraph. Then, we perform modularity clustering on this model and propose a packaging structure to the designer accordingly. We observed promising results in comparison with previous work. The accuracy of the results were also approved by domain experts. Turkey http://www.turkcell.com.tr Kaya [email protected] Turkey Sabanci University ://people.sabanciuniv.edu/kaya/ [email protected] Turkey Turkcell http://www.turkcell.com.tr Hasan Sozer [email protected] Turkey Ozyegin University http://faculty.ozyegin.edu.tr/hsozer

Karbonat kökenli doğaltaşlarda tane boyutu ile Knoop sertlik değeri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi

Doğaltaşlarda sertlik kavramının miktarını belirleyen en önemli özellikler mineral bileşimi, tane boyu ve dokudur. Knoop sertliği tayini için karbonat bileşimli metamorfk ve sedimanter kökenli 10 farklı mermer türü kullanılmıştır. Bu mermerlerin mikroskop incelemeleri ile mineral bileşimi, tane boyutu ve dokusal özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Mikro sertlik cihazı ile her bir örnekten 40 iz ölçülerek Knoop sertlik değerleri bulunmuştur. İncelenen mermerler içerisinde en düşük Knoop sertlik değerine sahip mermerin 135 HK ile Muğla Beyaz, en yüksek Knoop sertlik değerine sahip mermerin ise 180 HK ile Rosalia Dark olduğu belirlenmiştir. Mermerlerin Knoop sertlik ve tane boyutu değerleri karşılaştırılmış ve aralarında ters orantı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Tane boyutu büyüdükçe Knoop sertlik değerinin azaldığı görülmüştür.The most important properties identifying the amount of hardness concept in natural stones are mineral composition, grain size and texture. In order to specify the Knoop hardness, ten different types of marbles were used consisting of carbonate composed metamorphic and sedimentary based. With the examination of these marble specimens under the microscope, their mineral composition, grain size and texture properties were specifed. Their Knoop hardness values were found by measuring 40 indents under micro hardness tester. Among the marble specimens examined it was specifed that Muğla White had the lowest Knoop Hardness with 135HK and Rosalia Dark had the highest with 180 HK. Knoop hardness and grain dimension values of the marbles were compared and found that there is an inverse proportional relationship between them, as the grain dimension increases, Knoop hardness value decreases

Cutaneous Findings in Patients with Acromegaly

Background: Acromegaly is a systemic syndrome caused by overproduction of growth hormone. The syndrome affects cutaneous, endocrine, cardiovascular, skeletal, and respiratory systems. Cutaneous manifestations of acromegaly are various, usually being the first presenting findings of the disease. Methods: Dermatological examinations of 49 patients of acromegaly who were followed-up at a tertiary referral hospital.Results: The study included 27 (55.1%) female and 22 (44.9%) male patients. The onset age of the disease was older in females than males (P =0.045). Most of the patients had acral enlargements, large triangular nose, coarse face, thickened lower lip, and prognathism. Fourteen patients (28.6%) had multiple cherry angiomas, 5 (10.2%) had varicose veins in lower limbs, and 2 (4.1%) had psoriasis.Conclusion: A wide spectrum of cutaneous symptoms and features may be associated with acromegaly. A detailed dermatological examination of patients with acromegaly should be an essential component of systemic evaluation. Future prospective studies investigating the relationships between changes in skin signs, hormone levels, and response to treatments may help to understand the details of skin involvement in acromegaly.</p