To Determine the Manisa Municipality Domestic Waste Water Refining Facility Efected the Heavy Metal Dirtier in Gediz River

DergiPark: 246284trakyafbdBu çalışmada, Temmuz 2001 – Nisan 2002 tarihleri arasında Manisa Belediyesi Evsel Atık Su Arıtma Tesisinin Gediz Nehrine boşalttığı su ve sediment örneklerinde bazı ağır metal (Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cd, Co, Cr, Ni, Pb) konsantrasyonları belirlenmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, su örneklerinde ortalama değerler; bakır 0,0161; demir 0,0103; mangan 0,0075; çinko 1,0579; kadmiyum 0,0036; kobalt 0,0063; krom 0,1055; nikel 0,0796; kurşun 0,2183 ppm olarak bulunmuştur. Bu değerler, Su Kirliliği Kontrolü Yönetmeliği’nde belirtilen, Sulara Boşaltılacak Atıklar İçin Deşarj Kriterleri ile karşılaştırılmış, atık sudaki ağır metal konsantrasyonlarının yüksek düzeyde olmadığı saptanmıştır. Sediment örneklerinde ortalama değerler; bakır 346 ppm; demir 3072 ppm; mangan 145 ppm; çinko 631 ppm; kadmiyum 0,95 ppm; kobalt 0,98 ppm; krom 159 ppm; nikel 135 ppm; kurşun 25,5 ppm olarak bulunmuştur. Bu değerler de, Gediz Nehrinde yapılan diğer çalışmalar sonucu elde edilen ağır metal konsantrasyonları ile karşılaştırılmıştır.In this study, between July 2001 – Aprıl 2002 Manisa Municipality Domestic Waste Water Refining Facility’s discharged water and sediment samples to the Gediz River, according to this has determined the some heavy metal concentrations (Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cd, Co, Cr, Ni, Pb). According to the analysis results, average values in the water samples, copper 0,0161 ppm; iron 0,0103 ppm; manganese 0,0075 ppm; zinc 1,0579 ppm; cadmium 0,0036 ppm; cobalt 0,0063 ppm; crom 0,1055 ppm; nickel 0,0796 ppm; lead 0,2183 ppm. These values has been compared with the discharging criterions of wastes that can be poured to the waters, according to the Written Regulations of Water Pollution Control, and it has been determined that the Heavy Metal concentrations is not higher than the criterion value. Average values in the sediment samples, copper 346 ppm; iron 3072 ppm; manganese 145 ppm; zinc 631 ppm; cadmium 0,95 ppm; cobalt 0,98 ppm; crom 159 ppm; nickel 135 ppm; lead 25,5 ppm was fixed in these amounts. All these values has compared the heavy metal concentrations which can be obtained from the other studies in Gediz River

Relationship Between Atopy Patch Test with Foods and SCORAD

Background and Design: The relationship between food and atopic dermatitis (AD) is controversial. Atopy patch test (APT) gained prominence due to low specificity of “fresh prick tests” (FPT) with foods, commonly late occurrence of lesions in AD and, thus, the inconsistencies in anamneses, and being the provocative tests time consuming and risky, as well as due to the role of T lymphocytes in the pathophysiology of the disease. In this study, we investigated the relationship of APT and FPT made with food with SCORAD index assessing the disease severity.Materials and Methods: Forty-five children (21 males and 24 females) aged between 2-15 years who were diagnosed with AD in our outpatient clinic between May 2006 and May 2007 were included in the study. FPT and APT with eggs, milk and wheat flour were performed in all patients. The severity of illness was assessed using the SCORAD index. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 11.0 for Windows. A p value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant

Idiopathic adrenal hematoma mimicking neoplasia: A case report

AbstractIntroductionAdrenal haemorrhage is a relatively rare condition. If there is not a specific ethology describing adrenal hematoma, then, this is termed as ‘idiopathic adrenal hematoma’.Presentation of caseWe presented a case of idiopathic adrenal hematoma in this study. A 62-year-old woman was referred to our hospital for evaluation of a 40mm mass in the left upper abdominal cavity. The histopathological findings of the surgical specimen revealed a hematoma with normal adrenal tissue.DiscussionThe incidence of adrenal haemorrhage was found to be 1.1% regarding autopsy results. The Adrenal gland is highly vascular and vulnerable to haemorrhage. Before a surgical operation, it is difficult to diagnose idiopathic adrenal hematomas.ConclusionAn adrenal hematoma should be kept in mind when adrenal masses assessing

The role of coronary CT angiography in diagnosis of patent foramen ovale

PURPOSE:We aimed to examine the incidence of patent foramen ovale (PFO) and atrial septal aneurysms (ASA) in the Turkish population using coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA); assess the feasibility of coronary CTA for PFO diagnosis by conducting a comparison with transthoracic echocardiography (TTE); and determine the diagnostic role and characteristics of the interatrial tunnel, free flap valve (FFV), and shunts.METHODS:The present study was conducted retrospectively and included a sample of 782 patients. Coronary CTA results for all patients were evaluated for the following parameters: the presence of PFO, the degree of contrast jet (if present due to PFO), ASA existence, free flap valve (FFV) length, and PFO tunnel diameters (1 and 2). Coronary CTA and TTE results for PFO detection were also compared for 19 patients who underwent both procedures.RESULTS:PFO was present in 118 patients (15%). In 19 patients who underwent both CTA and TTE, the shunt was present in 15 patients on TTE compared with nine patients on CTA. The sensitivity and specificity of CTA for shunt existence were 53% (8/15) and 75% (3/4), respectively. FFV was observed on CTA in 118 patients (15%). No significant relationship was observed between shunt existence and FFV length (P = 0.148), or between shunt existence and tunnel diameter-1 (P = 0.638) or diameter-2 (P = 0.058). ASAs were present in 16 patients (2%), while accompanying PFO was present in three patients (2.4%) .CONCLUSION:Coronary CTA constitutes a more practical and efficient alternative to TTE for PFO diagnosis. Further, it allows the clear visualization of anatomical details of the interatrial tunnel, shunts, and associated abnormalities and detects ASAs

The effect of aging on the mortality of general surgical operations

Amaç: Zaman geçtikçe insanların yaş ortalaması artmakta ve artık daha yaşlı hastalar ameliyat edilir hale gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada, yaşlılarda uygulanan genel cerrahi ameliyatlarının mortalitesi üzerine etkili faktörler araştırılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Uludağ Üniversitesi Genel Cerrahi Anabilim Dalı'nda son 5 yılda ameliyat edilmiş, yaşı 70 ve üzerinde olan 942 hastanın kayıtları retrospektif olarak incelenmiştir. Hastaların bilgileri; yaş, cinsiyet, hastalığın dahil olduğu organ sistemi [kolorektal (KR), hepatopankreatikobiliyer (HPB), üst gastrointestinal (ÜGS), meme&endokrin (MEN), herniler (H) ve diğer sistem (DS)], başvuru şekli (acil/elektif), hastalığın kökeni (benign/malign), ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) skoru, asıl cerrahi tanı, uygulanan cerrahi tedavi, yandaş hastalıklar, hastanede kalış süresi ve mortalite parametreleri göz önünde bulundurularak değerlendirilmiştir. Mortaliteye etkili faktörlere univaryant ve multivaryant lojistik regresyon analizi uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Hastaların 501' i erkek, 441'i kadındır. Yaş ortalaması 75,46'dır. Hastaların çoğunluğunda (%29,8) kolorektal sistem patolojileri mevcuttur. Hastaların 313'üne (%33,2) acil ameliyat, 629'una (%66,8) elektif ameliyat uygulanmıştır. En sık ameliyat endikasyonu eksternal hernilerken (%18,2), meshli herni onarımı (%16,5) en sık uygulanan ameliyattır. En sık görülen yandaş hastalık kardiyak kökenli hastalıklardır. Ortalama hastanede kalış süresi 9 gün olup, elektif şartlarda ameliyat edilenler daha kısa sürede taburcu olmuşlardır. Hastaların 117'sinde (%12,4) mortalite gelişmiştir. En sık mortalite nedeni kardiyojenik şok (%32,4) ve sepsistir (%27,4). Lojistik regresyon analizlerinde; yüksek (≥3) ASA skoru, acil koşullarda ve kolorektal ile üst gastrointestinal sistem patolojileri nedeniyle yapılan ameliyatların mortaliteyi belirgin olarak arttırdığı saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Çalışmamızda, ASA skoru, başvuru şekli ve hastalığın görüldüğü organ sistemi, mortaliteye etkili faktörler olarak bulunmuştur.Aim: Mean age of the people is increasing as time goes on and much more elderly patients are being operated. In this study, factors affecting the mortality of general surgical operations performed on the elderly are investigated. Method and patients: Records of 942 patients who were aged 70 and over, and who had been operated in the Uludag University Medical School, Department of General Surgery for the last 5 years, were retrospectively examined. Patients' data were evaluated based on the parameters; age, gender, diseased organ system (colorectal, hepatopancreaticobiliar, upper gastrointestinal, breast & endocrine, hernia and others) , type of admission (emergency/elective), malign/benign nature, ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) score, main surgical diagnosis, surgical procedure, concomitant diseases, length of hospital stay and mortality. Factors affecting mortality were analyzed by univariant and multivariant logistic regression methods. Results: Of all the patients, 501 were men and 441 women. Mean age was 75,46 years. Most of the patients (29,8%) had colorectal pathologies. Emergency surgery was performed for 313 (33,2%) patients and elective surgery for 629 (66,8%) patients. External hernia was the most common indication for surgery (18,2%) and hernia repair with mesh was the most common surgical procedure done (16,5%). Cardiovascular disturbances were the most coexisting diseases. Length of hospital stay was about 9 days and patients who had had elective surgery were discharged earlier. Mortality was developed in 117 patients (12,4%). Cardiogenic shock (32,4%) was the leading cause of deaths followed by sepsis (27,4%). Logistic regression analysis concluded that, high (≥3) ASA scores, operations under emergent conditions and operations done for colorectal and upper gastrointestinal diseases were significantly associated with higher mortality rates. Conclusion: In our study, ASA score, type of admission and diseased organ system were found to be the factors affecting mortality

The heat shock protein 32 response to intestinal ischemia and ischemia/reperfusion injury

Bu çalışmanın amacı sıçanlarda intestinal iskemi ve iskemi/reperfüzyon hasarına, intestinal doku ve sistemik kan ısı şok proteini (I.Ş.P.) 32 yanıtının saptanmasıdır.Uludağ Üniversitesi Deney Hayvanları Etik Kurulu tarafından onaylanan çalışmamızda kontrol grubu (K.G.), iskemi grubu (İ.G.) ve iskemi/reperfüzyon grubu (R.G.) olmak üzere üç gruba ayrılmış 21 sıçan kullanıldı. Tüm sıçanlara genel anestezi altında laparotomi yapıldı ve superior mezenterik demetleri (S.M.D.) hazırlandı. K.G. sıçanlarının S.M.D. etrafına 000 ipek yerleştirildi. İ.G. sıçanlarının S.M.D. 000 ipek fiyonk düğümle bağlandı. R.G. sıçanlarının S.M.D.'ne 000 ipekle fiyonk düğüm konuldu. Tüm sıçanlarda iplik uçları karın duvarından çıkarılıp, karın kapatıldı. R.G. sıçanlarının karınlarındaki iplikler bir saat sonra zıt yönde çekilerek fiyonk düğümün açılmasıyla reperfüzyon sağlandı. Sıçanlara ilk laparotominin 6. saatinde relaparotomi yapılarak ince barsaklar çıkarıldı. Sol ventrikülden kan örnekleri alındı ve sıçanlar kardiyak punkçır yöntemiyle sakrifiye edildi. Sıçanların ince barsak dokuları ve kan örneklerinde HO-1 (Rat) StressXpress ELISA Kit (Stressgen Technologies, Assay Designs Inc, Ann Arbor, USA) kullanılarak I.Ş.P. 32 ölçümü yapıldı. Sayısal verilerin karsılaştırılmasında, Kruskal Wallis veya Wilcoxon Rank Sum test, kategorik verilerin karsılaştırılmasında ki-kare testi kullanıldı. Anlamlılık düzeyi olarak p<0,05 kabul edildi.İ.G. ve R.G. ortanca doku I.Ş.P. 32 düzeyleri K.G.'na oranla anlamlı olarak yüksekti (p=0,0017), ancak İ.G. ve R.G. arasında anlamlı bir fark yoktu (p=0,48). İ.G. ve R.G. ortanca kan I.Ş.P. 32 düzeyleri ile K.G. ortanca kan I.Ş.P. 32 düzeyi arasında fark yoktu (p=1).Sonuç olarak, sıçanlarda intestinal iskemi ve iskemi/reperfüzyon hasarında doku I.Ş.P. 32 düzeyleri ilk 6 saat içinde benzer şekilde artmaktadır. Ancak bu artış sistemik dolaşıma yansımamaktadır.The aim of this study was to clarify tissue and systemic blood heat shock protein (H.S.P.) 32 response to intestinal ischemia and ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats.Twenty one rats, divided into control group (C.G.), ischemia group (I.G.) and ischemia/reperfusion group (R.G.) were used in our study which was approved by Uludag University Animal Experiment Ethical Committee. Following laparatomy under ether anesthesia, superior mesenteric bundles (S.M.B.) of the rats were prepared. A silk suture was placed around the S.M.B. of the rats in C.G. A permanent knot in the I.G. and a slip knot in the R.G. were placed on the S.M.B. The free ends of the silk sutures were taken throughout the abdominal walls and then the laparotomies were closed. Reperfusion was established by pulling out the free ends of the silk sutures after one hour in R.G. Relaparatomy was performed to all the rats on the 6th hour of the initial laparatomy and small intestines were removed. After blood was drawn from the left ventricle, all rats were sacrificed by cardiac puncture. HO-1 (Rat) StressXpress ELISA Kit (Stressgen Technologies, Assay Designs Inc, Ann Arbor, USA) was used to measure H.S.P. 32 in intestinal tissue and systemic blood samples. Quantitative variables were compared by using Kruskal Wallis or Wilcoxon Rank Sum test and categorical variables were compared by using chi-square test. P<0,05 was considered to be significant.Tissue H.S.P. 32 levels were significantly increased in I.G. and R.G. when compared to the C.G. (p=0,0017). However, there was no difference between I.G. and R.G. (p=0,48). The median blood H.S.P. 32 levels showed no difference between three groups (p=1).As a conclusion, the tissue H.S.P. 32 levels increased similarly following a 6-hour intestinal ischemia and ischemia/reperfusion in rats; however, this increase did not reflect to the systemic circulation.Biyotest Sağlık Hizmetleri Ltd. Şti

Tarihsel Akışı İçerisinde Çeviri Süreci ve Çeviribilim

Rezension zu Odacıoğlu, Mehmet Cem: Tarihsel Akışı İçerisinde Çeviri Süreci ve Çeviribilim - İstanbul, 2019. Aktif Yayınevi. 192 Sayfa. 1. Baskı. ISBN: 6059940276