838 research outputs found
Compreender o estranho: mĂ©todos reconstrutivos das CiĂȘncias Socais, no Serviço Social, na Alemanha
Como podemos compreender os destinatĂĄrios e as destinatĂĄrias do Serviço Social em seus mundos da vida? Como podemos interpretar adequadamente seus desejos, sonhos, suas situaçÔes individuais de vida, os potenciais de sua biografia e tambĂ©m as feridas de sua vida e o sentido especĂfico de seus mundos culturais? Como fazer justiça Ă s suas obstinaçÔes sem instrumentalizĂĄ-los juntamente com seus mundos subjetivos, sem idealizar aquilo que nos parece estranho neles, que talvez nĂŁo nos agrade, que nos inquieta e amedronta? Por trĂĄs destas perguntas, num primeiro momento, muito concretas e voltadas Ă prĂĄxis, ocultam-se discussĂ”es decisivas para o Serviço Social na Alemanha, nĂŁo apenas sobre seus mĂ©todos, mas tambĂ©m sobre sua identidade profissional, seu lugar como disciplina, seu posicionamento sociopolĂtico e as possibilidades da formação superior. Nestas discussĂ”es, jogam um papel importante as metodologias das ciĂȘncias sociais, mĂ©todos compreensivos, assim como relatos etnogrĂĄficos e entrevistas narrativas, que sĂŁo analisadas hermeneuticamente em seminĂĄrios de ensino-aprendizagem do curs
Intersection theorems for finite general linear groups
A subset of the general linear group is called
-intersecting if for all , or
equivalently and agree pointwise on a -dimensional subspace of
for all . We show that, if is sufficiently large
compared to , the size of every such -intersecting set is at most that of
the stabiliser of a basis of a -dimensional subspace of . In
case of equality, the characteristic vector of is a linear combination of
the characteristic vectors of the cosets of these stabilisers. We also give
similar results for subsets of that intersect not
necessarily pointwise in -dimensional subspaces of and for
cross-intersecting subsets of . These results may be
viewed as variants of the classical Erd\H{o}s-Ko-Rado Theorem in extremal set
theory and are -analogs of corresponding results known for the symmetric
group. Our methods are based on eigenvalue techniques to estimate the size of
the largest independent sets in graphs and crucially involve the representation
theory of .Comment: 34 pages, minor change
Transitivity in finite general linear groups
It is known that the notion of a transitive subgroup of a permutation group
extends naturally to subsets of . We consider subsets of the general
linear group acting transitively on flag-like
structures, which are common generalisations of -dimensional subspaces of
and bases of -dimensional subspaces of . We
give structural characterisations of transitive subsets of
using the character theory of
and interprete such subsets as designs in the conjugacy class association
scheme of . In particular we generalise a theorem of
Perin on subgroups of acting transitively on
-dimensional subspaces. We survey transitive subgroups of
, showing that there is no subgroup of
with acting transitively on -dimensional
subspaces unless it contains or is one of two
exceptional groups. On the other hand, for all fixed , we show that there
exist nontrivial subsets of that are transitive on
linearly independent -tuples of , which also shows the
existence of nontrivial subsets of that are transitive
on more general flag-like structures. We establish connections with orthogonal
polynomials, namely the Al-Salam-Carlitz polynomials, and generalise a result
by Rudvalis and Shinoda on the distribution of the number of fixed points of
the elements in . Many of our results can be
interpreted as -analogs of corresponding results for the symmetric group.Comment: 28 page
Experience and knowledge - interpretative patterns and forms of knowledge among professional pedagogues and social workers in out-of-school work with children and adolescents
Auf der Basis von narrativen, biographisch angelegten Interviews wird den berufsorientierten Deutungsmustern, HandlungsplĂ€nen und dem fachlichen Wissen von sozialpĂ€dagogischen Akteuren nachgespĂŒrt, die in Handlungsfeldern der auĂerschulischen Kinder- und Jugendarbeit tĂ€tig sind. Der Ertrag einer qualitativ orientierten empirischen Analyse der beruflichen Habitualisierung von PĂ€dagoginnen und PĂ€dagogen mit den unterschiedlichsten Profilen wird exemplarisch ĂŒber eine Fallrekonstruktion verdeutlicht. Als ein Ergebnis wird festgehalten, daĂ die in der auĂerschulischen Kinder- und Jugendarbeit TĂ€tigen in der Regel bei der Herstellung einer "professionellen Praxis" ihren biographischen Ressourcen mehr vertrauen als der Ausbuchstabierung einer wissenschaftlich abgestĂŒtzten Fachlichkeit. (DIPF/Text ĂŒbernommen)On the basis of narrative, biographical interviews, the authors analyze the job-oriented interpretative patterns, plans of action, and professional knowledge of socio-pedagogical actors working with children and adolescents out of school. The results of the qualitatively oriented empirical analysis of the professional habitualization of pedagogues with diverse profiles are exemplified by means of a case reconstruction. The authors come to the conclusion that, in the construction of a "professional practice", those working with children and adolescents out of school usually rely more on their own biographical ressources than on academic professional knowledge. (DIPF/Orig.
Relationship of pulmonary toxicity and carcinogenicity of fine and ultrafine granular dusts in a rat bioassay
The current carcinogenicity study with female rats focused on the toxicity and carcinogenicity of intratracheally instilled fine and ultrafine granular dusts. The positive control, crystalline silica, elicited the greatest magnitude and progression of pulmonary inflammatory reactions, fibrosis and the highest incidence of primary lung tumors (39.6%). Addition of poly-2-vinylpyridine-N-oxide decreased inflammatory responses, fibrosis, and the incidence of pulmonary tumors induced by crystalline quartz to 21.4%. After repeated instillation of soluble, ultrafine amorphous silica (15 mg) a statistically significant tumor response (9.4%) was observed, although, the inflammatory response in the lung was not as persistently severe as in rats treated with carbon black. Instillation of ultrafine carbon black (5 mg) caused a lung tumor incidence of 15%. In contrast to a preceding study using a dose of 66 mg coal dust, lung tumors were not detected after exposure to the same coal dust at a dose of 10 mg in this study. Pulmonary inflammatory responses to coal dust were very low indicating a mechanistic threshold for the development of lung tumors connected with particle related chronic inflammation. The animals treated with ultrafine carbon black and ultrafine amorphous silica showed significantly more severe lesions in non-cancerous endpoints when compared to animals treated with fine coal dust. Furthermore, carbon black treated rats showed more severe non-cancerous lung lesions than amorphous silica treated rats. Our data show a relationship between tumor frequencies and increasing scores when using a qualitative scoring system for specific non-cancerous endpoints such as inflammation, fibrosis, epithelial hyperplasia, and squamous metaplasia
Winfried Noack: SozialpÀdagogik. Ein Lehrbuch. Freiburg i. Br.: Lambertus Verlag 2001 (435 S.) [Rezension]
Rezension von: Winfried Noack: SozialpÀdagogik. Ein Lehrbuch. Freiburg i. Br.: Lambertus Verlag 2001 (435 S.; ISBN 3-7841-1335-4)
Kommunales Monitoring
KOMMUNALES MONITORING
Kommunales Monitoring / Kemmesies, Uwe Ernst (Rights reserved) ( -
Cancer-Related Distress: How Often Does It Co-occur With a Mental Disorder? â Results of a Secondary Analysis
Objectives: The Distress Thermometer (DT) is a validated and widely used screening
tool to identify clinically relevant distress in cancer patients. It is unclear, to which extend
subjectively perceived distress measured by the DT is related to objective burden (mental
disorder). We therefore examine the co-occurrence of a mental disorder for different DT
thresholds and explore the diagnostic properties of the DT in detecting a mental disorder.
Methods: In this multicenter cross-sectional study, we included 4,020 patients with
mixed cancer diagnoses. After selection of relevant cases, weighting procedure and
imputation of missing data we evaluated the data of N = 3,212 patients. We used the DT
to assess perceived distress and the standardized Composite International Diagnostic
Interview for Oncology (CIDI-O) to assess the 4-week prevalence of mental disorders.
The association between distress and any mental disorder (MD) is calculated using
Pearson correlations. Relative risks for MD in patients with/without distress and the
co-occurrence of distress and MD were calculated with Poisson regression. To assess
the operating characteristics between distress and MD, we present the area under
the curve (AUC).
Results: 22.9% of the participants had a cut-off DT level of 5 and were affected by
MD. Each level of distress co-occurs with MD. The proportion of patients diagnosed
with MD was not greater than the proportion of patients without MD until distress levels
of DT = 6 were reached. The correlation between DT and MD was r = 0.27. The ROCanalysis
shows the area under curve (AUC) = 0.67, which is classified as unsatisfactory.
With increasing distress severity, patients are not more likely to have a mental disorder.
Conclusion: Our results suggests viewing and treating cancer-related distress as a
relatively distinct psychological entity. Cancer-related distress may be associated with
an increased risk for a mental disorder and vice versa, but the overlap of both concepts
is very moderate
Comparison Between the Ultraviolet Emission From Pulsed Microhollow Cathode Discharges in Xenon and Argon
We measured the dynamic IâV characteristics and vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) emission lines of the second continuum in xenon (170 nm) and argon (130.5 nm) from pulsed microhollow cathode discharges (MHCD). For pulse lengths between 1 and 100 ÎŒs the dynamic IâV characteristics are similar in both inert gases. Only the time variation of the VUV emission line at 170 nm for xenon can be related to the dimer excited states. In argon the energy transfer between the Ar*2 dimers and the oxygen impurity atoms is responsible for a qualitatively different time behavior of the resonance line at 130.5 nm. Consequently, the relative VUV efficiency reveals an inverse dependence on the electrical pulse lengths for the MHCD in xenon and argon, respectively
Strategies and good practice for sustainable and liveable cities of tomorrow
This contribution deals with the question, what makes cities sustainable and integrative, and suggests an approach for "liveable cities of tomorrow" designed to sustain mobility.
The liveable city of tomorrow needs to meet both ecological and social requirements in an integrative approach. To design urban patterns appropriate or âsustainable mobilityâ based on a concept of mobility defined as the number of accessible destinations (different to that for âfossil mobilityâ defined as the ability to cover distances) is a key element of such an approach. Considering the limited reserves of fossil fuels and the long lifetime of the built structure, mobility needs to rely on modes independent of fossil fuels (public transport and pedestrians) to make it sustainable and the urban pattern needs to be developed appropriately for these modes.
Crucial for the success of public transport is the location of buildings within the catchment area of stops. An attractive urban environment for pedestrians is characterised by short distances in a compact settlement with appropriate/qualified urban density and mixed land use as well as by attractive public space. This, complemented by an integrative urban development on the quarter level including neighbourhood management with a broad spectrum of activity areas (social infrastructure, integration of diverse social and ethnic groups, health promotion, community living, etc.), results in increased liveability. The role of information technology in this context is to support a sustainable use of the built structures by organisational instruments. Sustainable and liveable communities offer many benefits for health, safety and well-being of their inhabitants
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