Textbook as Text: Statement of the Problem

Рассматривается актуальная методологическая проблема современной отечественной теории школьного учебника - пересмотр подходов к определению феномена учебника как ключевого компонента образовательной системы. В границах сферы преподавания иностранных языков с позиций методической школы, трактующей учебник как феномен сферы иноязычного образования, предлагается и обосновывается подход к учебнику не как к сумме вербальных и невербальных материалов, а как к единой знаковой системе. Перечисляются условия, при которых отобранные и представленные в учебнике факты культуры могут быть восприняты и интерпретированы обучающимся как знаки иной культуры, имеющие для него смысл, а также условия, обеспечивающие включенность учебника в семиотическое пространство ученика как субъекта деятельности. Доказывается, что при данном подходе учебник может стать средством реализации главной цели образования - формирования человека духовного, носителя национальных ценностей, способного воспринять и сделать своими ценности и смыслы иных культур.The article is devoted to the setting of the current methodological problem of the modern domestic theory of school textbook - the revision of approaches to the definition of the textbook phenomenon as a key component of the educational system from the perspective of the indigenous socio-cultural changes of the beginning of the 21st century, which entailed the transformation of the social order and the change of the educational paradigm from knowledgeable to cultural: changes in the picture of the world, in worldview positions, within the boundaries of the information sphere, in the nature of intercultural contacts, etc

Immunological factor development of external genital endometriosis

External genital endometriosis (EGE) is one of the common gynecological diseases of women of reproductive age with a relapsing, progressive course that worsens the quality of life of patients due to pain, emotional imbalance, fear of relapse and possible surgical intervention. Currently, endometriosis is recognized as one of the most common diseases associated with infertility. Thus, among fertile women with preserved childbearing function, the disease is generally diagnosed in approximately 6-7%, while among patients suffering from infertility, its frequency can reach 20-48%.However, the causes that determine reproductive dysfunction in patients with EGE are not well understood. Much attention is currently paid to the role of immunity in the formation of endometriosis. Patients with EGE show changes in both local immunity factors and immunological components of circulating blood.Purpose of the study: the study of factors of innate and adaptive immunity in patients of reproductive age with external genital endometriosis (EGE).The study included 71 patients with various stages of external genital endometriosis, the control group included 24 patients without endometriosis. Determination of the population composition of peripheral blood lymphocytes, the level of monocytes expressing TLR, activation markers, was carried out by laser flow cytometry — Immunotex (France), Caltag (USA), FITC (fluorescein isothiocynate) — labeled CD3, CD4, CD8, CD16, CD19, HLA-DR, CD282, CD284 and PE (phycoerythrin) - labeled with CD25, CD69, CD95, CD107a, CD14.External genital endometriosis is characterized by: at stages I-II of the disease - a violation of the early stages of the innate immune response (an increase in the number of monocytes expressing TLR-4, a violation of the activation and differentiation processes of immunocompetent cells, which is reflected in a decrease in the expression of CD16, CD8, CD16+HLA-DR+, CD16+CD107a+, CD8+CD107a+, at III-IV stages of the disease, there is a decrease in the level of CD16 and activation markers CD69, HLA-DR, CD107a on their surface, which is combined with a decrease in the expression of CD8, CD16, HLADR and CD107a on their surface. CD95+ and CD8+CD95+ were found at various stages of EGE.The results obtained allow us to understand the features of the functioning of innate and adaptive immunity at various stages of external genital endometriosis, and the studied immunological parameters can be used as diagnostic criteria for the formation of various stages of EGE. These data can serve as a theoretical basis for further identification of markers of EGE progression, as well as the mechanisms underlying immune inflammation

PECULIARITIES OF VASCULO-ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTORS’ SYSTEM IN PHYSIOLOGICAL PREGNANCY IN DEPENDENCE ON FETAL SEX

Purpose: To investigate the peculiarities of vasculo-endothelial growth factors’ system in physiological pregnancy in dependence on fetal sex.Material and Methods: We studied 107 women with physiological pregnancy, 52 with male fetuses, 55 with female. We studied the levels of vasculo-endothelial growth factor, placental growth factor, endothelial growth factor, endothelin-1, tumor necrosis factor-a levels in women in 1, 2 and 3 trimesters of pregnancy in dependence on factor “fetus sex”.Results: We revealed significant differences of these indices in women with male and female fetuses in dependence on gestational age. We detected significant differences in the function of vasculo-endothelial growth factors’ system in dependence on fetal sex, indicating the existence of systemic preconditions to its anatomical and functional heterochronys.Summary: There is a certain ratio of the absolute levels of the studied polypeptides in physiological pregnancy for each trimester. There were significant differences in their levels of sex of the fetu

Pathogenetic Mechanisms of Formation of External Genital Endometriosis and Its Relapses in Patients of Reproductive Age

Purpose: To reveal peculiarities of angiogenesis from the pint of autoparacrine cellular regulation and to amplify the mechanisms of formation of external genital endometriosis.Materials and Methods: 352 patients were divided to 3 clinical groups: I - 148 patients with I-II stages of EHE, II group -184 patients with III-IV stage, 24 ones among them were with relapse. The III control group was presented by 20 patients without endometriosis. We used clinical methods, clinicolaboratory methods, genetic, morphological, biochemical.Results: On the systemic level the disorders of auto–para– and intracrine cellular regulation of angiogenesis with high production of EGF, bFGF, IGF-1, VEGF, solutable receptor of EGF and sFlt and low production of leptin. On the local level we found severe decrease of apoptosis, which was devoted to IL-8, NO, FSH and the simultaneous reinforcement by IL-8 of angiogenesis activity in endometrioid heterotopies and also the capillary vasodilatation with participation of NO. The increase of VEGF production on systemic level and high content of solutable receptor of VEGF, NO and NO- syntaze on the local level (the peritoneal fluid) are typical for relapsing of EGE.Summary: The switсhing of disorder of regulatory control of the cellular metabolism from one growth factors to another is happened in different stages of external genital endometriosis formation

«Психопатология» повседневной жизни: к вопросу о нарциссизме и классификации нарциссических черт личности

This work is devoted to an actual and debatable problem – the socio-psychological role of narcissism in the individualistic culture prosperity, as well as the cultural determination of narcissistic personality manifestation. The authors note that at present there is a need to investigate the phenomenon of narcissism precisely in its non-clinical  form, which in modern society is becoming more prevalent, and acts as  a psychopathology of everyday life. The work objective is to analyze the theories of narcissism and narcissistic personality traits in domestic and foreign psychology in accordance with cultural patterns of human behavior in modern society. The research methodology is based on the key principles of psychology: consistency, cultural determination, and the principle of the external influences and internal condition unity. The main study methods are theoretical analysis, comparison, and  generalization. The article provides an overview of main definitions of  the “narcissism” concept, gives an analysis of key theories and approaches to study narcissism in domestic and foreign psychology. The  author’s reasoning originates from the works by Z. Freud, whom the first semantic concept of narcissism belongs, and then moves in two  directions, as a personality disorder (O. Kernberg) and a personal process (H. Kohut). Particular attention is paid to considering narcissism  as a mental norm socio-psychological phenomenon. A  review of main classifications of narcissistic personality traits takes a separate place in the work. It has been shown that the narcissistic trait  classifications, in general, include the most frequently cited traits of narcissistic personalities, both in the manual of mental disorders and in research on understanding narcissism in the context of personality  changes within the mental norm. Based on theoretical research, the authors conclude that modern society supports the development of  narcissistic traits and personality states, encouraging freedom of expression, belief in unlimited success, arrogant behavior, functionality and manipulative in relationships, etc.Cтатья посвящена актуальной и дискуссионной проблеме – социально-психологической роли нарциссизма в процветании индивидуалистичных культур, а также культурной детерминации нарциссических проявлений личности. Авторами отмечается, что в настоящее время существует необходимость исследовать феномен нарциссизма именно в его неклинической форме, который в современном обществе приобретает все большую распространенность и выступает в качестве психопатологии повседневной жизни. Целью настоящей работы является анализ теорий нарциссизма и нарциссических черт личности в отечественной и зарубежной психологии в соответствии с культурными образцами поведения человека в современном обществе. Методология исследования базируется на  ключевых принципах психологии: принципе системности, культурной детерминации и принципе единства внешних воздействий и внутренних условий. Основными методами исследования выступают теоретический анализ, сравнение, обобщение. В статье представлен обзор основных определений понятия «нарциссизм», приведен анализ ключевых теорий и подходов к исследованию нарциссизма в отечественной и зарубежной  психологии. Рассуждения автора берут свое начало от работ З. Фрейда, которому принадлежит первая смысловая концепция нарциссизма, и двигаются в двух направлениях:  как личностном расстройстве (О. Кернберг) и личностном процессе (Х. Кохут). Особое внимание уделяется рассмотрению нарциссизма как социально-психологического явления психической нормы. Отдельное место в работе занимает обзор основных классификаций нарциссических черт личности. Показано, что классификации  нарциссических черт включают в себя наиболее часто упоминаемые черты нарциссических  личностей как в руководстве по психическим расстройствам, так и в исследованиях, посвященных пониманию нарциссизма в контексте личностных изменений в пределах психической нормы. В результате теоретического исследования авторы приходят к выводу,  что современное общество поддерживает развитие нарциссических черт и состояний личности, поощряя свободу самовыражения, веру в безграничный успех, надменное  поведение, функциональность и манипулятивность в отношениях и т. д

INFLUENCE OF ETHNIC FEATURES ON ADAPTATION PROCESSES OF A FEMALE ORGANISM IN THE REPRODUCTIVE PERIOD

In article resulted data on features of morpho-functional processes in a female organism under the influence of an ethnic factor. It is emphasized that these features are defined by set of genetically caused properties and morpho-functionalsigns of the live systems created according to features of surrounding environment. Results of research of obstetric pathology, growth rates of a fetus, morphometric indeces of women of various ethnic groups are presented. Prospects of the ethnic direction are defined when developing regional standards

PECULIARITIES OF CLINICAL PROFILE OF PATIENTS OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE WITH EXTERNAL GENITAL ENDOMETRIOSIS

Purpose: To study peculiarities of the clinical profile of patients of reproductive age suffering from external genital endometriosis (EGE).Materials and methods: Analysis of clinical presentations of the disease and laboratory examination in 96 patients was performed, among them 74 patients had EGE and 22 patients did not have endometriosis.Results: The data about the type of menstrual cycle, surgical interventions, inflammatory diseases of pelvic organs and venereal infections were presented and the course of this disease was discussed.Summary: Burdened gynecological history in the form of past inflammatory diseases of pelvic organs and surgical interventions is of importance in the clinical profile of the patients with EGE

PROTEOMIC TECHNOLOGY IN THE STUDY OF ENDOMETRIOSIS

This review presents the data of the foreign and domestic authors concerning the basic theories of endometriosis and its diagnosis. The current state of proteomic researches on search and identification of markers of an endometriosis is discussed

Results of Epizootiological Monitoring of Natural Foci for Bacterial Vector-Borne Infections in Caucasian Mineral Waters Region of the Stavropol Territory in 2018–2020

The aim of the study was to assess the epizootiological situation on bacterial vector-borne infections in Caucasian Mineral Waters area of the Stavropol Territory over the period of 2018–2020.Materials and methods. 3494 specimens of ticks (473 pools), 257 specimens of small mammals, 9 regurgitates of birds of prey and mammals, 7 excreta samples of small mammals, and 2 water samples were tested. Laboratory research of the field material was carried out using molecular-genetic, serological, biological methods. Statistical analysis of laboratory results was conducted using Microsoft Excel 2010. The data were mapped using QGIS 2.18 software.Results and discussion. The study revealed that the 44.8 % of collected ticks were positive for tick-borne borreliosis, 21.5 % – for tick-borne rickettsiosis, 10.3% – for human granulocytic anaplasmosis, 2.7 % – for Q fever, 0.84 % – for tularemia. There has been an increase in the percentage of positives for tick-borne borreliosis agent samples (more than three times) and a decrease in this indicator for human granulocytic anaplasmosis (1.5 times) as compared with 2010–2012. Investigation of tick infection with the agents of Q fever and tick-borne rickettsioses has not been previously conducted in the region. During the period under review, 19 pools of ticks had mixed infection, which indicates that there are combined foci of bacterial natural-focal infections with vector-borne transmission in the recreation zone of the Stavropol Territory. This necessitates preventive measures and systematical epizootiological surveys in the Caucasian Mineral Waters region

Interactions among the A and T Units of an ECF-Type Biotin Transporter Analyzed by Site-Specific Crosslinking

Energy-coupling factor (ECF) transporters are a huge group of micronutrient importers in prokaryotes. They are composed of a substrate-specific transmembrane protein (S component) and a module consisting of a moderately conserved transmembrane protein (T component) and two ABC ATPase domains (A components). Modules of A and T units may be dedicated to a specific S component or shared by many different S units in an organism. The mode of subunit interactions in ECF transporters is largely unknown. BioMNY, the focus of the present study, is a biotin transporter with a dedicated AT module. It consists of the S unit BioY, the A unit BioM and the T unit BioN. Like all T units, BioN contains two three-amino-acid signatures with a central Arg residue in a cytoplasmic helical region. Our previous work had demonstrated a central role of the two motifs in T units for stability and function of BioMNY and other ECF transporters. Here we show by site-specific crosslinking of pairs of mono-cysteine variants that the Ala-Arg-Ser and Ala-Arg-Gly signatures in BioN are coupling sites to the BioM ATPases. Analysis of 64 BioN-BioM pairs uncovered interactions of both signatures predominantly with a segment of ∼13 amino acid residues C-terminal of the Q loop of BioM. Our results further demonstrate that portions of all BioN variants with single Cys residues in the two signatures are crosslinked to homodimers. This finding may point to a dimeric architecture of the T unit in BioMNY complexes