Effect of Different Extenders on Sperm Motility and Vitality in Goose Semen Cryopreservation

This study aimed to investigate the usability of different diluents containing 6% Dimethylformamide (DMF) for cryo-preservation of the semen of geese (Anser cygnoides). The diluents of Glucose (G), Tris-Glucose (T), Lactated Ringer’s-Glucose (LG), and Lactated Ringer’s (L), all of which contained 6% DMF, were used as cryoprotectants. The researchers collected semen samples from four geese, twice a week over a four-week period, by means of abdominal massage; they then calculated how much sperm each goose ejaculated. Next, the semen samples were pooled and their spermatological parameters were determined. Their volume (4x (mL)), concentration (×108/mL), pH, motility (%), and vitality (%) rates were 0.31±0.01, 3.49±0.32, 7.13±1.06, 67.75±1.28, and 70.00±2.03, respectively. Then, these pooled semen samples were equally divided into four groups. Once they were frozen and thawed, the researchers discovered that the diluent L had the highest motility rate: 40.12% ± 1.35. The motility rates of the other diluents were as follows: LG (28.25%± 1.48), G (21.50% ± 1.41), and T (5.12% ± 0.83). Likewise, the vitality rates (%) of the diluents were as follows: L (41.93% ±1.87), LG (31.50%±1.88), G (29.43% ±1.45), and T (10.56%±1.34), respectively. Freezing and thawing appeared to lower each diluent’s vitality and motility rates. However, for the Lactated Ringer’s (L), this decrease was predictable. Therefore, Lactated Ringer’s diluent containing 6% DMF can be used in cryo-preservation of goose semen. © 2022, Fundacao APINCO de Ciencia e Tecnologia Avicolas. All rights reserved

Exploring the Predictive Role of E-Learning Readiness and E-Learning Style on Student Engagement

The aim of this study was to determine the factors predicting student engagement. The sample of the study consisted of 527 students from Karabuk University Distance Education Center. Independent variables of the study were e-learning style and online learning readiness. The data were analyzed using the stepwise multiple regression analysis. The findings revealed that students, who set a learning goal, can manage their time in line with this goal, put effort, organize their learning considering their needs, pay attention to learning situations or the learning object, prefer to work with visual elements, enjoy doing research, can remember easily and study with visuals that facilitate retrieval, prefer to work independently, take responsibility for their learning, and believe in their learning ability, have higher levels of engagement

The effects of cross-linking agents on the mechanical properties of poly (Methyl Methacrylate) resin

Abstract Cross-linking agents are incorporated into denture base materials to improve their mechanical properties. This study investigated the effects of various cross-linking agents, with different cross-linking chain lengths and flexibilities, on the flexural strength, impact strength, and surface hardness of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). The cross-linking agents used were ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA), tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), tetraethylene glycol diacrylate (TEGDA), and polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate (PEGDMA). These agents were added to the methyl methacrylate (MMA) monomer component in concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% by volume and 10% by molecular weight. A total of 630 specimens, comprising 21 groups, were fabricated. Flexural strength and elastic modulus were assessed using a 3-point bending test, impact strength was measured via the Charpy type test, and surface Vickers hardness was determined. Statistical analyses were performed using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov Test, Kruskal–Wallis Test, Mann–Whitney U Test, and ANOVA with post hoc Tamhane test (p ≤ 0.05). No significant increase in flexural strength, elastic modulus, or impact strength was observed in the cross-linking groups compared to conventional PMMA. However, surface hardness values notably decreased with the addition of 5% to 20% PEGDMA. The incorporation of cross-linking agents in concentrations ranging from 5% to 15% led to an improvement in the mechanical properties of PMMA

utjecaj Theranekrona® na aktivnost glukoza-6-fosfat dehidrogenaze u neoštećenim jajnicima štakora i jajnicima štakora s ishemijsko- reperfuzijskom ozljedom

The effect of Theranekron® on rat ovaries was evaluated in healthy and ischemia-reperfusion injury models. The rats were divided into four groups: group 1: control, group 2: Theranekron® (single dose of 0.3 mg/kg intraperitoneally), group 3: torsion + detorsion, and group 4: torsion + detorsion + Theranekron® (single dose 0,3 mg/ kg, intraperitoneally). The ovaries were homogenized by sonication before the analysis and supernatant glucose-6- phosphate dehydrogenase activity, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, reduced glutathione and total protein levels were evaluated spectrophotometrically. Ovary tissues were histologically examined. In group 2, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity was significantly reduced (P<0.01) compared to the control group and an increased number of atretic follicles, and hyperaemic and haemorrhagic regions were seen histologically; in group 3, although glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity was not changed, intense hyperaemia and hemorrhage was observed in the veins of the medulla region and in the cortex. Group 4 showed a decrease in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity compared to the control group (P<0.01). Histologically, when compared to group 3, group 4 showed fewer atretic follicles and decreased hyperaemia and hemorrhage in the ovaries, excluding the medulla region. There were no significant differences regarding reduced glutathione and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate levels between the groups. The Theranekron® dose applied had some negative effects, such as reduced glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity, an increased number of atretic follicles, and hyperemia in the corpus luteum and medulla region in intact rat ovaries. Although it reduced glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity, Theranekron® may have had slight remedial effects on rat ovaries with ischemia-reperfusion injury.Učinak Theranekrona® na jajnike štakora procijenjen je u zdravih jedinki i onih s ishemijsko-reperfuzijskom ozljedom. Štakori su podijeljeni u četiri skupine: prva je skupina bila kontrolna, druga je skupina dobivala Theranekron® (pojedinačna doza od 0,3 mg/kg intraperitonealno), treća je skupina imala torziju i detorziju, a četvrta je skupina imala torziju i detorziju i primala je Theranekron® (pojedinačna doza od 0,3 mg/kg intraperitonealno). Jajnici su homogenizirani sonikacijom prije analize te je spektrofotometrijom istražena aktivnost supernatant glukoza- 6-fosfat dehidrogenaze, smanjenje nikotinamid-adenin-dinukleotid-fosfata, smanjenje glutationa i razina ukupnih proteina. Histološki je analizirano tkivo jajnika. U drugoj skupini aktivnost glukoza-6-fosfat dehidrogenaze bila je znakovito smanjena (P < 0,01) u usporedbi s kontrolnom skupinom. Histološki, ustanovljen povećan broj atretskih folikula te hiperemičnih i hemoragičnih područja. U trećoj skupini, iako aktivnost glukoza-6-fosfat dehidrogenaze nije bila promijenjena, u venama medularne regije i korteksu uočena je jaka hiperemija i hemoragija. Četvrta skupina pokazala je smanjenu aktivnost glukoza-6-fosfat dehidrogenaze u usporedbi s kontrolnom skupinom (P < 0,01). U usporedbi s trećom skupinom, četvrta skupina pokazala je manje atretskih folikula i smanjenu hiperemiju i hemoragiju u jajnicima, osim medularne regije. Nije bilo znakovite razlike s obzirom na smanjene razine glutationa i nikotinamid- adenin-dinukleotid-fosfata među skupinama. Primijenjena doza Theranekrona® imala je neke negativne učinke poput smanjene aktivnosti glukoza-6-fosfat dehidrogenaze, povećanog broja atretskih folikula te hiperemije u žutom tijelu i medularnoj regiji intaktnih jajnika štakora. Iako je smanjio aktivnost glukoza-6-fosfat dehidrogenaze, Theranekron® bi mogao imati i neznatne terapijske učinke na jajnike štakora s ishemijsko-reperfuzijskom ozljedom

Determınatıon Of Bıoactıve Chemıcals And Antıoxıdant Capacıty In Dıfferent Plant Parts Of Corıander (Corıandrum Satıvum L.)

Substances with antioxidant activity protect the metabolism against oxidative damage caused by free radical molecules. The most important sources of these substances are herbal natural nutrients. Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) is a plant used both as a nutrient and as a medicine. Leaf, stem and seed parts of the plant are widely used as individual flavors. In this study, total phenolic and flavonoid content of hexane and methanol extracts obtained from leaf, stem and seeds of Coriander (C. sativum) plant were determined. The amount of phenolic substance was determined as 250 .g GAE / mL in the highest hexane seed extract and the lowest amount as 50 .g GAE / mL in methanol stem extract. The flavonoid substance was obtained in the highest hexane leaf extract with 535.71 mu g QE/mL and the lowest in the hexane seed extract with 20.408 mu g QE/mL. Although total phenolic and flavonoid content differed in leaf, stem and seed extracts, it was found to be higher in hexane extracts compared to the methanol extracts. In addition, IC50 values of both extracts were calculated using DPPH center dot radical removal activity method, which is among the antioxidant determination methods. Although the amount of phenolic and flavonoid content of methanol extract of coriander plant was low, DPPH center dot radical removal activity was found to be higher. It is considered that dietary incorporation of fresh leaf and seed parts of the coriander plant, whose phenolic substance and antioxidant capacity have been determined, might be significant with respect to the partial provision of the antioxidants needed by the organism

The Effects Of Drying On Phytochemicals Of Self -Growıng Plant Taraxacum Officinale L.

In this study, the effects of some drying techniques on the total amount of phenolic and flavonoid substances and antioxidant activity of Taraxacum officinale L., which is valuable for its pharmaceutical, antioxidant and nutritional properties, were investigated. The plant samples were divided into three groups; the group dried in sunlight (Ti), the group dried in a thermostatic oven (55 C) (T2) and the group dried in the shade (T3). As a result of the drying process, the total phenolic and flavonoid substance amounts, antioxidant activities and free radical scavenging (DPPH) and reducing power of extracts belonging to groups were determined. In the study, the highest total phenolic substance amounts were found as 37.69 2.25 mgGAE g' in the T3 group. In other groups, this amount was determined as 31.25+1.12 mg GAE g' in Ti and 24.24 2.03 mgGAE g' in T2, respectively. The amount of flavonide substance was deteimined as 43.84 2.03 mgQE g' in T3, 42.62 2.29 mgQE g' in Ti and 26.36 2.13 mgQE g' in T2, respectively. The highest DPPH radical scavenging activity and the highest Fe3--Fe2+ reducing capacity were found in Ti. As a result, although the shade drying method seems to be advantageous in terms of the total amount of phenolic and flavonid substances, it was concluded that, in drying and storing T officinale plant, the use of sun drying technique would be advantageous in terms of phytochemicals and that there is a need for new studies on the kinetics of the drying process in order to preserve the phytochemical structures

The Effects Of Dryıng Methods On Total Phenolıc And Flavonoıd Substances And Antıoxıdant Capacıty Of Redstem Fılaree (Erodıum Cıcutarıum)

In this study, the effects of some drying techniques on antioxidant activity of the Erodium cicutarium (L.) L'Her plant, which has ethnobotanical and medical importance, were investigated. The plant samples were divided into three groups; the group dried in sunlight (SD), the group dried in a thermostatic oven at 55 degrees C (OD) and the group dried in the shade (DS). Total phenolic substance amounts were determined as 41.27 +/- 2.93 mg GAE/g in DS, 15.14 +/- 2.25 mg GAE/g in SD and 14.60 +/- 0.86 mg GAE/g in OD, respectively. The highest amount of flavonoid substance was determined as 71.99 +/- 2.24 mg QE/g in the OD group. The IC50 value, from smallest to largest, was found to be 49.47 +/- 2.69 mu g/mL in DS, 71.90 +/- 1.69 mu g/mL in SD, and 89.81 +/- 3.42 mu g/mL in OD. In addition, it was determined that the highest 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and the highest Fe3+-Fe2+ reducing capacity were in DS at all concentrations. As a result, it was revealed that the use of shade drying technique would be advantageous in case the E. cicutarium plant was stored by drying, and the total amount of flavonoid substances was affected by the drying tim

Identifying and assessment of the hadith in Koran commentary, tafhim ul-Koran –Volume VII.

Yüksek Lisans Tezi"Tefhîmu'l-Kur'ân Tefsiri'ndeki Hadislerin Tahric ve Değerlendirilmesi –VII. Cilt-" isimli çalışma iki bölümden oluşmaktadır. Birinci bölümde Hadis ilmi ile Tefsir ilminin ilişkisi, Tahric ilminin önemi, Ebu'l-Alâ Mevdûdî'nin hayatı, eserleri ve Tefhîmu'l-Kur'ân isimli tefsiri hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. İkinci bölümde ise Tefhîmu'l-Kur'ân'ın VII. cildinde geçen merfu hadislerin tahrici yapılmaya çalışılmıştır. Araştırmada hadislerin öncelikle Kütüb-i Tis'a'daki yerlerini, daha sonra Kütüb-i Tis'a'ya ek olarak İbn Huzeyme ile İbn Hıbbân'ın Sahihlerinde ve Hâkim'in el-Müstedrek'indeki yerlerini tahric etmek ve sıhhat durumları hakkında bilgi vermek amaçlanmıştır. İlk olarak hadislerin Tefhîmu'l-Kur'ân'da aktarıldığı şekliyle Kütüb-i Tis'a'daki yerleri tespit edilmiştir. Kütüb-i Tis'a'da bulunamayan hadisler geçtiği diğer kaynaklardan aktarılmıştır. Hadislerin ravileri arasında zayıf diye itham edilenler varsa bunlar tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Sıhhat durumlarını tespit ederken ise Buhârî ve Müslim'in Sahih'inde geçen hadisler aksi bir durum tespit edilmediği sürece sahih kabul edilmştir. Tirmizî'nin Sünen'inde geçen rivayetler Tirmizî'nin vermiş olduğu hükümlerle aktarılmıştır. Bunlar dışındaki rivayetlerde ise hadis alimlerinin verdikleri hükümler ve hadisin ravilerinin güvenilirlik durumu dikkate alınarak hadislerin sıhhat dereceleri belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Hadislerin geçtiği kaynaklar ve sıhhat durumları tablolandırılarak her bir hadisin geçtiği kaynakların bir arada görülebilmesi sağlanmıştır. Sonuç kısmında ise araştırmadan elde edilen veriler doğrultusunda Tefhîmu'l-Kur'ân'ın VII. cildindeki rivayetlerin sahih ve hasen olanlarının zayıf rivayetlere oranla fazla olduğu, rivayetlerin büyük çoğunluğunun Kütüb-i Tis'a'da mevcut bulunduğu ve güvenilir olduğu tespit edilmiştir.Evaluation and Takhrij of the hadiths in the commentary Tafheemu'l Qur'an VII. tome. This study consists of two sections. In the first section, the relationship between the science of Ha-diths and the science of commentary (Tafseer) and the importance of the science of Takhrij is mostly highlighted. And some information is given about the life of Ebu'l A'la Mavdudee, his works and his commentary Tafheem'ul Qur'an. İn the second section, takhrijs of the raised chai-ned(marfu') hadiths mentioned in the VII. tome of the Tafheemu'l Qur'an are tried to be done. In this research; firstly, it is aimed to find the places of the hadiths in Kutub-u Tis'a and after, addition to Kutub-u Tis'a in the sound hadiths collection of Ibn-i Huzaima and Ibn-i Heeb-ban and in the Mustadrak of Haakim and give information about the accuracy of them. First of all, the places of the hadiths in Kutub-ı Tis'a are found as in the shape they are quoted in Taf-heem. The ones that are not mentioned in Kutub-u Tis'a are quoted from their corresponded so-urces. If there are some hadith narrators considered as weak, these oness are tried to be determi-ned. This is done by making comparisons with the ones in Bukharee and Muslim by admitting them as the sound ones if there are not any exceptions considered about them. The narrations given in Tirmeezee are quoted with the judgements and provisions of Tirmeezee. And about the ones out of these narrations, their accuracy is tried to be determined by taking their narrators' reliability and trustworthiness and the judgements and provisions of the scholars of the science of the Hadith into account. The sources of the Hadiths and their accuracy are charted to make them seen altogether easily. In the conclusion section, by the information obtained from the research it is determined and understood that the sound and fairly reported narrations are more than the weak ones in the VII. tome of Tafheemu'l Qur'an, and most of the narrations are also present in Kutub-u Tis'a and they are reliable