The use of high molecular iso-amyl alcohol as an alternative fuel for compression ignition engines

Currently, many studies are being conducted to improve the emissions and combustion of diesel fuels of diesel vehicles. The majority of these studies consist of alcohol-derived fuels. Alcohol fuels are usually composed of butanol, methenol, and ethanol fuels. However, a high molecular alcohol such as iso-amyl with a high calorific value, which can be produced from sugar beet pulp, is the focus of more attention. Iso-amyl alcohol, chemical formula (CH3)2CH-CH2CH2-OH, oxygen rich, can mix with solvents such as ether, photography, pharmaceutical industry, milk oil quantity determination and synthesis, used in a colorless, foul-smelling liquid. In this study, the effects of the addition of iso-amyl alcohol to diesel fuel in order to reduce Diesel engine emissions were examined. For this purpose, 5%, 10%, and 20% iso-amyl alcohol were added to the diesel fuel. The resulting mixtures were subjected to full fuel analysis, unlike other studies. After that, the fuel mixtures in a Diesel engine at different engine speeds at full load (1400 rpm, 1700 rpm, 2000 rpm, 2300 rpm, 2600 rpm, 2900 rpm. and 3200 rpm) were tried. As a result of the experiments, it was determined that the contribution of iso-amyl alcohol caused a 1% -3% reduction in cylinder pressure, 12-20% in power, and 8-25% in torque. Furthermore, when examined in terms of exhaust gas emissions, it decreased in NOx emission by 1-10%, in smoke opacity by 9-36%, and in HC emission by 6-44%

Power quality assessment of wind turbines and comparison with conventional legal regulations: A case study in Turkey

Renewable energy sources have been investigated for use instead of conventional fossil fuels in many areas. Among these renewable energy sources, wind energy has come into prominence owing to the fact that it is a clean, sustainable and cost-effective type of energy. However, the connection of large wind farms to the grid may cause problems in terms of power quality due to the variability of the energy extracted from the wind. The mentioned power quality problems are generally taken into consideration after the grid integration of wind farms. However, the precautions that can be taken by means of the assessments before the installation of the turbines represent an easier and more economic way. In this study, the possible effects of the grid connected wind turbines on the power quality characteristics have been defined and the MATLAB based models have been constructed so as to calculate these effects. Particularly, fast voltage variations that are difficult to model due to their relations with the human factor have been analyzed in detail. It has been aimed that the models are suitable for use in practice while utilizing various standards such as IEC 61400-21 and IEC 61000-4-15 in order to setup the models. The analyses of the implementations that represent constraints for exploiting the wind resources in Turkey have been realized in terms of production and consumption with a case study. The realized calculations present the applicability of the model to grid conditions with different characteristics. It is also presented that the wind energy penetration can be increased without deteriorating the power quality of the grid with the use of the proposed model.Wind turbines Power quality Flickermeter

Relationship between two estrogen receptor-alpha gene polymorphisms and angiographic coronary artery disease

Objective: To investigate the association of estrogen receptor-alpha Pvull and Btgl polymorphisms with angiographic presence and severity of coronary artery disease (CAD)

Rapid transformation of atypical myeloproliferative disorder with consistent t(8;13) to B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A case report

WOS: 000251645500004PubMed ID: 178524548p11 myeloproliferative syndrome (EMS; also known as the stem cell leukemia syndrome-SCLL) is a rare atypical myeloproliferative disorder associated with chromosomal abnormalities involving the 8p11 chromosomal band. Translocations associated with this syndrome result in the fusion of the fibroblast growth factor receptor I (FGFR 1) gene with various partners, resulting in ligand independent FGFR activity. The most commonly observed translocation of this syndrome is t(8;13), which results in the expression of a chimeric ZNF198-FGFR1 tyrosine kinase. Disease phenotype associated with this translocation has some typical features such as poor prognosis, and transformation to mainly acute leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma; commonly with a T-cell phenotype in which obtaining and maintenance of remission is difficult by conventional chemotherapy. We hereby present a case diagnosed as atypical chronic myeloproliferative disease with consistent t(8;13)(p12;q12) and transformed rapidly to pre-B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia which is a rare clinical presentation

Short-Term Treatment with Sevelamer Increases Serum Fetuin-A Concentration and Improves Endothelial Dysfunction in Chronic Kidney Disease Stage 4 Patients

Background and objectives: Vascular calcification and endothelial dysfunction contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Sevelamer, a non–calcium-based phosphate binder, has been shown to attenuate cardiovascular calcification in CKD patients, although the exact mechanism has not been clarified. This study was designed to investigate the effect of short-term sevelamer treatment on both serum fetuin-A concentrations and endothelial dysfunction seen in CKD patients

ADMA Levels Correlate with Proteinuria, Secondary Amyloidosis, and Endothelial Dysfunction

Asymmetric dimethyl-arginine (ADMA), a residue of the proteolysis of arginine-methylated proteins, is a potent inhibitor of nitric oxide synthesis. The increased protein turnover that accompanies proteinuric secondary amyloidosis may increase circulating levels of ADMA, and this may contribute to endothelial dysfunction. We performed a cross-sectional study of 121 nondiabetic proteinuric patients with normal GFR (including 39 patients with nephrotic-range proteinuria and secondary amyloidosis) and 50 age-, sex-, and BMI–matched healthy controls. The proteinuric patients had higher levels of serum ADMA, symmetric dimethyl-arginine (SDMA), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment index) than controls. Compared with controls, brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), serum L-Arginine, and the L-Arginine/ADMA ratio were significantly lower among proteinuric patients, suggesting greater endothelial dysfunction. When patients with secondary amyloidosis were compared with patients with glomerulonephritis who had similar levels of proteinuria, those with amyloidosis had higher ADMA and SDMA levels and lower L-Arginine/ADMA ratios and FMD measurements (P < 0.001 for all). Finally, even after adjusting for confounders, ADMA level correlated with both proteinuria and the presence of secondary amyloidosis, and was an independent predictor of FMD. We propose that ADMA synthesis may be increased in chronic kidney disease, especially in secondary amyloidosis, and this may explain part of the mechanism by which proteinuria increases cardiovascular morbidity and mortality