Az Alaptörvény hatása a jogforrási rendszerre és a jogalkotásra

The system of the sources of law and lawmaking ensures a wide spectrum of legal research; the study concentrates on just one article of the Fundamental Law. This article – number „T.” – defines the statutes and enumerates their forms. This is an absolutely strange solution in a constitution: there is no other constitution in the European Union that defines statutes. The study points out that the grammatical interpretation of Article T. collides other articles of the Fundamental Law that deal with the status of the Fundamental Law, with the relation between the national and international law and between Hungary’s and the European Union’s law. The enumeration of the forms of statues seems to be exhaustive, but there are several other forms that are not contained in the list of Article T. Besides this, the elements of the statute-definition are also analyzed and a suggestion on the right composition of Article T can be read at the end of the study, too

Adatok Magyarország flórájához és vegetációjához II.

45 taxon előfordulási adatait közöljük, melyeket nagyrészt a 2013–2016 közötti florisztikai, vegetációtani és ökológiai kutatásaink során találtunk. Adataink a  Duna–Tisza köze, a Tiszántúl és a Dél-Dunántúl különböző élőhelyeiről származnak; a felsorolt fajok között  számos szerepel a magyarországi edényes flóra veszélyeztetett fajainak listáján (pl. Astragalus dasyanthus, Erodium ciconium és Lotus angustissimus). Munkánkban törekedtünk a ritka (pl. Apium repens, Epipactis bugacensis és Trifolium strictum), a váratlan helyen megjelenő (pl. Medicago arabica, Polypodium vulgare és Polystichum setiferum), valamint a növényföldrajzi szempontból érdekesebb (pl. Piptatherum virescens, Ranunculus psilostachys és Tamus communis) taxonok adatainak közlésére.</jats:p

Workstation Configuration and Process Planning for RLW Operations

The application of Remote Laser Welding (RLW) has become an attractive assembly technology in various branches of industry, as it offers higher efficiency at lower costs compared to traditional Resistance Spot Welding (RSW) when high volumes of sheet metal assemblies are to be produced. However, the introduction of RLW technology raises multiple new issues in designing the configuration, the layout, and the behavior of the assembly system. Since configuring an RLW workstation and planning the welding process are closely interrelated problems, a hierarchical decision process must be applied where configuration and planning go hand in hand. The paper presents a hierarchical workflow forworkstation configuration and process planning for RLW operations, and proposes methods for solving the decision problems related to each step of this workflow. A software toolbox is introduced that has been developed to facilitate a semi-Automatic, mixed-initiative workstation design and t o guide the expert user throughout the configuration, planning, programming, evaluation, and simulation of the RLW workstation. A case study from the automotive industry is presented, where the software tools developed are applied to configuring and planning the behavior of an RLW workstation that replaces RSW technology in assembling a car door