Life Ciycle Assessment (LCA) based home rating model for İzmir (HRM-İzmir)

Thesis (Master)--İzmir Institute of Technology, Architecture, İzmir, 2007Includes bibliographical references (leaves: 324-332)Text in English; Abstract: Turkish and Englishxvii, 336 leavesThis thesis presents the development and application of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) based home rating model for residential buildings in Izmir. It aims to develop building performance assessment within a single application. This new application supports various considerations throughout the building.s life cycle in relation to performance domains such as site ecology, energy consumption, material selection, lighting availability, transportation and the rest of the performance indicators. It is intended to encourage initiatives toward achieving better housing performance. ATHENA Canadian Software tool has been selected to calculate quantitive values for energy consumption, solid waste emission, air pollution index, water pollution index, global warming potential, weighted resource use. Then, thirty performance indicators, which were selected from the review of existing evaluation models has been grouped under four building life cycle stages, site selection, construction, operation, and demolition. The weights of each category and indicator has been calculated, and converted into a credit score. Then, the performance grades are divided into five levels, (excellent, good, average, below average and poor) and evaluation criteria are suggested based on statutory performance value

Can evaluation of the cervix with histogram and Bishop scoring prior to birth induction forecast the birth type for superannuated primigravidas?

Purpose: We conducted this study to research both the forecasting efficiency of the cervical histogram and Bishop scoring for birth type (vaginal birth/cesarean) for the superannuated primigravida prior to birth induction. Methods: Ninety primigravidas in week 41 and beyond were included in the present study. Exclusions for the study included prior labor, ruptured membranes, any major uterine operations, cephalopelvic discord, fetal malpresentations, fetal anomalies, multiple pregnancy, placenta previa, vaginal bleeding, a high sensitivity for oxytocin usage, and an estimated fetal weight greater than 4000 g. Histogram hyperechogenic focus and hypoechogenic focus measurements are conducted in normal spontaneous birth (NSD) and cesarean (SECTIO) groups. Findings: Thirty-six patients had a cesarean birth, while 54 of the patients had vaginal births. On logarithmical regression analysis, the Bishop score and the parameters were found statistically significant in terms of proving the cesarean indication (p=0.001). In our cervical histogram, the forecasting efficiency of the hyperechogenic focus and hypoechogenic focus measurements for determining the birth type were not been able to shown (p=0.089 ; p=0.555). Bishop scoring parameters showed statistically significant deviances between the NSD group compared to the cesarean group in terms of a 1-2 cm increase in cervical opening and for being 3-4 cm(p=0.0001), the cervical extinguishment as 40%-50% (p=0.0001), the occurrence of cervical softening (p=0.0001), and the head level at -1 and -2 (p=0.0001). When declaring the cesarean indication, the Bishop score’s AUC value was found as 0.932 and the LR(+) value as 9; while the estimation value for the Bishop score occurring below \u3c5 increased the cesarean birth risk ninefold. Conclusion: During a superannuated nulliparous pregnancy, the Bishop score and the Bishop score’s individual parameters are meaningful for vaginal birth, while a cervical histogram is not significant for forecasting the birth type

Can evaluation of the cervix with histogram and Bishop scoring prior to birth induction forecast the birth type for superannuated primigravidas?

Purpose: We conducted this study to research both the forecasting efficiency of the cervical histogram and Bishop scoring for birth type (vaginal birth/cesarean) for the superannuated primigravida prior to birth induction. Methods: Ninety primigravidas in week 41 and beyond were included in the present study. Exclusions for the study included prior labor, ruptured membranes, any major uterine operations, cephalopelvic discord, fetal malpresentations, fetal anomalies, multiple pregnancy, placenta previa, vaginal bleeding, a high sensitivity for oxytocin usage, and an estimated fetal weight greater than 4000 g. Histogram hyperechogenic focus and hypoechogenic focus measurements are conducted in normal spontaneous birth (NSD) and cesarean (SECTIO) groups. Findings: Thirty-six patients had a cesarean birth, while 54 of the patients had vaginal births. On logarithmical regression analysis, the Bishop score and the parameters were found statistically significant in terms of proving the cesarean indication (p=0.001). In our cervical histogram, the forecasting efficiency of the hyperechogenic focus and hypoechogenic focus measurements for determining the birth type were not been able to shown (p=0.089 ; p=0.555). Bishop scoring parameters showed statistically significant deviances between the NSD group compared to the cesarean group in terms of a 1-2 cm increase in cervical opening and for being 3-4 cm(p=0.0001), the cervical extinguishment as 40%-50% (p=0.0001), the occurrence of cervical softening (p=0.0001), and the head level at -1 and -2 (p=0.0001). When declaring the cesarean indication, the Bishop score’s AUC value was found as 0.932 and the LR(+) value as 9; while the estimation value for the Bishop score occurring below <5 increased the cesarean birth risk ninefold. Conclusion: During a superannuated nulliparous pregnancy, the Bishop score and the Bishop score’s individual parameters are meaningful for vaginal birth, while a cervical histogram is not significant for forecasting the birth type

Does preparation for childbirth training reduce the cesarean rate?

Purpose: This study was conducted as experimental and prospective to determine the effect of birth preparation training on the birth route preparations of pregnant individuals. Methods: The study was conducted in three state hospitals which operate under Kocaeli State Hospitals Community. The study group included 110 pregnant individuals who attended the hospitals’ birth preparation training classes between 1 January – 30 June 2015 and the control group included 90 pregnant individuals from Kocaeli Maternity Hospital. The chi-squared test was used to measure the differences between groups in classified variables, and the t-test was used for parametric variables. P <0.05 was considered to be significant A survey form was used to identify individual demographic information, obstetric stories, and preferred birth route in order to collect relevant data. Findings: The survey reveals that 67% of the pregnant individuals prefer vaginal birth while 33% prefer cesarean birth. In choosing the birth route, 60% of the pregnant individuals make their own decisions, while 28.2% make the decision together with their partner, and 11.8% report the decision being made by their doctor. It is observed that—after attending the birth training—all of the individuals preferred vaginal birth. For the pregnant individuals, their birth route choices before and after the birth preparation training had been observed as highly statistically significant ( p<0, 005). However, when the choices of the pregnant individuals who participated in birth preparation training is compared to the control group’s choices, no statistical significance was found. Rates of cesarean were alike for both groups. Conclusions and Suggestions: In this study, for the individuals who participate in birth preparation training, the choice of the birth route is found to be affected by age, literacy, and former birth route experienced. However, no significant evidence was found regarding reducing the choice of cesarean. A pregnant individual’s birth route choice will be more healthy as she becomes qualified for, and receives sufficient treatment between the preconception stage to after birth, alternative birth routes, and consultancy for overcoming birth pain and relaxation methods

State Of Charge Based Route Optimization In Electric Vehicles

Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2011Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2011Günümüzde, otomotiv sektörü elektrikli araçların giderek kendisine daha çok yer bulduğu yeni bir döneme girmiştir. Son yıllarda giderek daha fazla önem kazanan ekonomik ve ekolojik sorunlar ile bunların beraberinde getirdiği regülasyonlar sonucunda elektrikli araçlar alanında çalışmalar arttırılmıştır. Toyota’nın Prius modeli hibrid elektrikli araçların piyasada ekonomik olarak uygulanabilir olduğunu kanıtlamıştır. Bugün artık birçok büyük otomobil üreticisi hibrid elektrikli ve tamamen elektrikli araçlarını piyasaya sürmekte ya da sürme aşamasındadır. Elektrikli araçların şarj sorunu ve kısıtlı menzili en büyük sorun olarak görülmektedir. Bu alandaki yoğun çalışmalara hergün bir yenisi eklenmektedir. Şehir içi kullanıma uygun olan elektrikli araçların kullanımını arttırmak için şehir içi şarj istasyonlarının kurulumu giderek artmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, akülü bir elektrikli aracın şarj durumuna bağlı olarak rotasının optimizasyonu yapılmıştır. Aracın olası rotalarda harcayacağı enerji miktarları karşılaştırılmış ve bunlar arasından en az enerji harcanımının yapıldığı rotalar seçilmiştir. Rota seçimin de ayrıca elektrikli aracın şarj maliyetleri de göz önünde bulundurulmuştur. Rota seçimine ait 4 farklı senaryo oluşturulmuş ve bu 4 farklı senaryoda optimum rota seçimleri yapılmıştır. Böylece elektrikli aracın kullanımında enerji verimliliği arttırılmıştır. Rotanın optimum koşullarda seçimi ile şarj işlemleri araçların yoğun olarak kullanılmadığı zamanlara yayılmıştır. İlk bölümde, elektrikli araçların tarihçesi anlatılmış ve elektrikli araç türleri tanıtılmıştır. Sonraki iki bölümde elektrikli araçların en önemli parçaları olan aküler ve elektrik motoru hakkında bilgi verilmiş ve modellemeleri yapılmıştır. Elektrikli aracın modellenmesinin anlatıldığı bölümde araca ait performans grafikleri sunulmuştur. Senaryolar bölümünde 4 farklı senaryonun içeriği açıklanmıştır. Simülasyon sonuçları bölümünde senaryolara ait grafikler sunulmuştur. Sonuç bölümünde senaryoların sonuçları değerlendirilmiş ve gelecek projeksiyonları yapılmıştır.Today, the automotive sector has entered a new era which electric vehicles are getting more place in the market. In recent years economical and ecological problems which are getting more importance has brought new regulations within which has resulted as an increase in the electric vehicle research field. Toyota’s Prius model has proven that electric vehicles are economically applicable in the market. Today, many big auto manufacturers are presenting or in progress of presenting hybrid electric or fully electric vehicles. Charge longevity and limited range are seen as the most important problem of electric vehicles. Everyday new studies are added to dense studies in this field. More charging stations are established to increase the use of urban applicable electric vehicles. In this study, a battery electric vehicle’s route optimization has been made according the state of charge. Vehicle’s possible routes are compared and in these routes the less energy consumpted routes are selected. Also, in route selection the charging costs are considered. 4 different scenarios are are created and the route selection has been made in this 4 scenarios. With this selection energy efficiency has increased. With the optimum route selection, charge process is spread in vehicles’ less used times. In first chapter, electric vehicle history is presented and types of electric vehicles are explained. In the next two chapters, the most important parts of the electric vehicle the battery and the electric motor are explained and modeled. In the modeling of electric vehicle chapter, vehicle’s performance charts are presented. In the scenarios chapter, the scenario graphics are shown. In the conclusion chapter the simulation results are discussed and future projections are presented.Yüksek LisansM.Sc

Elektrikli Araçlarda Şarj Duruma Bağlı Rota Optimizasyonu

Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 201

Adaptation of the proposed unit system for third year architectural design studio

Architectural design studios aim to teach students the fundamental design thinking. Well-structured studio may help the students to explore the global responses and develop projects focused on the current conditions of the society. This study focuses on the adaptation of the proposed unit system for third year architectural design studio. The adaptation process of the proposed unit system analyzed with the description of the previous system. This study discusses the positive outcomes of the new proposed unit teaching method at School of Architecture, Yasar University

Exploration of Climate Change in Architectural Design Studio

Many researches reveal that climate change is a significant public issue. With the rising awareness of climate change impacts by both national and international bodies, building climate resilience has become a major goal for many institutions. This influence began to find path in architectural design education. Architectural design education is mostly given in the design studios. Each semester, the studio instructors prepare design briefs that need to be completed in a required period of time with given constraints. This is an opportunity for the design studios to adapt new theories and approaches like climate change into the design study. This article describes the experiences of the studio team after the design work proposed for climate. The study explains the transition from research to design stage. The studio tutors collected data after close observations on 42 students from Yasar University, School of Architecture third year studio

Life Ciycle Assessment (LCA) based home rating model for İzmir (HRM-İzmir)

Thesis (Master)--İzmir Institute of Technology, Architecture, İzmir, 2007Includes bibliographical references (leaves: 324-332)Text in English; Abstract: Turkish and Englishxvii, 336 leavesThis thesis presents the development and application of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) based home rating model for residential buildings in Izmir. It aims to develop building performance assessment within a single application. This new application supports various considerations throughout the building.s life cycle in relation to performance domains such as site ecology, energy consumption, material selection, lighting availability, transportation and the rest of the performance indicators. It is intended to encourage initiatives toward achieving better housing performance. ATHENA Canadian Software tool has been selected to calculate quantitive values for energy consumption, solid waste emission, air pollution index, water pollution index, global warming potential, weighted resource use. Then, thirty performance indicators, which were selected from the review of existing evaluation models has been grouped under four building life cycle stages, site selection, construction, operation, and demolition. The weights of each category and indicator has been calculated, and converted into a credit score. Then, the performance grades are divided into five levels, (excellent, good, average, below average and poor) and evaluation criteria are suggested based on statutory performance value