Fatores associados ao excesso de peso entre adolescentes de diferentes redes de ensino do município de Presidente Prudente, São Paulo

OBJETIVO: analisar associações entre excesso de peso e fatores de risco familiares em diferentes âmbitos escolares. MÉTODOS: estudo descritivo/analítico de delineamento transversal com 1779 adolescentes (11 a 17 anos) de ambos os sexos, da rede pública (n=1309) e privada de ensino (n=470). Foram avaliados os fatores familiares: sexo, condição econômica, número de irmãos/televisores e escolaridade dos pais. A razão de prevalência (RP) em modelo univariado e multivariado indicou a magnitude das associações analisadas. RESULTADOS: nas escolas particulares, o excesso de peso associou-se com a escolaridade paterna (RP= 0,68 [0,5-0,9]) e sexo masculino (RP= 1,38 [1,0-1,8]). Nas escolas públicas, com a escolaridade materna (RP= 1,42 [1,1-1,8]), menor número de irmãos (RP= 1,23 [0,9-1,5]) e sexo masculino (RP= 1,32 [1,6-1,6]). CONCLUSÕES: o excesso de peso associou-se com diferentes fatores familiares, dependendo da rede de ensino em que foi analisado.OBJECTIVE: to analyze associations between overweight and family risk factors in different school environments. METHODS: a descriptive/analytical cross-sectional study of 1779 adolescents (aged between 11 and 17 years) of both sexes in the public (n=1309) and private (n=470) education systems. Family factors evaluated included: sex, economic circumstances, number of siblings, number of televisions and level of schooling of parents. The prevalence ratio (PR) in a univariate and multivariate model suggested the scale of the associations under study. RESULTS: in private schools, overweight was associated with the level of schooling of the father (RP= 0.68 [0.5-0.9]) and with boys (RP= 1.38 [1.0-1.8]). In public schools it was associated with the level of schooling of the mother (RP= 1.42 [1.1-1.8]), having fewer siblings (RP= 1.23 [0.9-1.5]) and with boys (RP= 1.32 [1.6-1.6]). CONCLUSIONS: overweight is associated with different family factors depending on the kind of school.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES

Age at menarche and cancer risk at adulthood

Aim: The aim was to evaluate the association between age at menarche and cancer using a nationally representative sample of Brazilian women. Methods: Data from the Brazilian Health Survey (PNS), a nationally representative survey conducted in 2013 (n = 33,715 women; ≥18 years), were used. Information on cancer diagnosis, age at menarche and other co-variables (chronological age, educational status, skin colour, menopause, leisure-time physical activity and tobacco smoking) were collected via interview. Logistic regression models were used for aetiological analyses. Results: The prevalence of cancer diagnosis was greater among women with early age at menarche [2.6% (2.0–3.5%)] compared to on-time [1.6% (1.4–1.9%)] and late women [2.0% (1.1–3.4%)]. The onset of menarche ≤11 years was significantly associated with cancer risk, regardless of co-variables [OR =2.45 (1.34–4.48)], compared to the late group. Conclusion: Early age at menarche was associated with cancer risk in adulthood, regardless of race, educational status, chronological age, obesity, menopause onset, tobacco smoking or physical activity

Tracking of body adiposity indicators from childhood to adolescence: Mediation by BMI

<div><p>Our aim was to verify the tracking of body adiposity indicators from childhood to adolescence and analyze the mediation effects of BMI on the stability of body adiposity. Our sample was composed by 375 children (197 boys). The children were followed-up over 3 years. Body mass and stature were measured as anthropometric indicators. Body adiposity was estimated through the subcutaneous skinfold method, with measures of triceps (TRSF) and subscapular skinfolds (SSSF). Skinfolds were analyzed singly and agglutinated through the sum of skinfolds (∑SF). The sample was categorized into tertiles, and thereafter, the kappa coefficient and McNemar test were adopted to verify stability. For continuous measures, the Intra-Class Correlation coefficient (ICC) was used. Moreover, mediation analyzes were used according to Baron and Kenny with the Sobel test to verify mediation effects. The significance level adopted was 5%. Adiposity indicators increased during the 3 years of follow-up in both sexes (p<0.05). ICCs in all indicators of adiposity were between 0.84 and 0.94 for boys and 0.86 and 0.94 for girls, indicating high tracking. Moreover, 70% of subjects remained in the highest tertile of body adiposity. However, no differences were observed in tertile changes (p>0.05). BMI at the age of adiposity rebound partially mediated all indicators of adiposity from childhood (baseline) to adolescence (3 years later) in both sexes (p<0.001). Thus, moderate to high tracking of body adiposity indicators between childhood and adolescence was verified. Moreover, BMI at the age of adiposity rebound partially mediated the relationship between adiposity in childhood (baseline) and in adolescence (3 years of follow-up).</p></div

Associação transversal entre hábitos alimentares saudáveis e não saudáveis e atividade física de lazer em adolescentes

OBJETIVO: Analisar associações entre dois domínios da atividade física de lazer e hábitos alimentares em adolescentes. MÉTODOS: A amostra foi composta por 1.630 adolescentes (46% do gênero masculino e 54% do gênero feminino). O nível de atividade física, o tempo de televisão (TV) e os comportamentos alimentares foram avaliados por entrevista, e, de acordo com o resultado da avaliação, os adolescentes foram classificados como fisicamente ativos, espectadores assíduos de TV, e engajados em dietas não saudáveis/saudáveis. RESULTADOS: Os adolescentes do gênero masculino foram mais ativos do que as do feminino (21,7 e 9,4%, respectivamente; p = 0,001), ao passo que o hábito de assistir TV foi mais frequente entre as meninas (44,0 e 29,2%; p = 0,001). Práticas de atividades físicas foram associadas com maior consumo de frutas (OR = 1,90; IC95% 1,39-2,60) e vegetais (OR = 1,48; IC95% 1,09-2,01), ao passo que o maior consumo de frituras (OR = 2,13; IC95% 1,64-2,77) e salgadinhos (OR = 1,91; IC95% 1,49-2,45) esteve associado ao hábito de assistir TV. CONCLUSÃO: Este estudo epidemiológico apresenta informações indicando que os comportamentos ativo e inativo estiveram diferente e independentemente associados aos hábitos alimentares saudáveis e não saudáveis

Cross-sectional association between healthy and unhealthy food habits and leisure physical activity in adolescents

Objective: To analyze associations between two physical activity domains during leisure time and different food habits in adolescents.Methods: The sample comprised 1,630 adolescents (46% male and 54% female). Physical activity level, television (TV) viewing, and eating behaviors were assessed through an interview. According to the results of the assessment, adolescents were classified as physically active or engaged in high amounts of TV viewing and unhealthy/healthy diets.Results: Male adolescents were more active than females (21.7 and 9.4%, respectively; p = 0.001), while TV viewing was more frequent in females (44.0 and 29.2%; p = 0.001). Physical activity level was related to higher consumption of fruits (OR = 1.90; 95%CI 1.39-2.60) and vegetables (OR = 1.48; 95%CI 1.09-2.01), while higher consumption of fried foods (OR = 2.13; 95%CI 1.64-2.77) and snacks (OR = 1.91; 95%CI 1.49-2.45) was associated with TV viewing.Conclusion: This study presented epidemiological information indicating that active and inactive behaviors were differently and independently associated with healthy and unhealthy diets.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES

<i>Tracking</i> (%) of subjects that maintained in the same tertile or changed to a lower tertile (LT) or higher tertile (HT) of body adiposity indicators according to sex.

<p><i>Tracking</i> (%) of subjects that maintained in the same tertile or changed to a lower tertile (LT) or higher tertile (HT) of body adiposity indicators according to sex.</p

Characteristics of the sample, presented as means and standard deviation, with comparisons between baseline and after 3 years of follow-up.

<p>Characteristics of the sample, presented as means and standard deviation, with comparisons between baseline and after 3 years of follow-up.</p

Characteristics of family nucleus as correlates of regular participation in sports among adolescents

Objectives To estimate the relationship between family nucleus and sport practice among adolescents.Methods A school-based cross-sectional study carried out with 1,752 Brazilian adolescents (812 male and 940 female), aged 11-17 years. Characteristics of the family nucleus (parental education, socioeconomic status and number of siblings) and sport practice (>= 240 min/week) were assessed by questionnaires. Adjusted prevalence ratios were estimated using Poisson regression models.Results The overall prevalence of sport practice was 14.8% (boys 21.2% and girls 9.4%, P = 0.001). Higher socioeconomic status, number of siblings and parents' educational level were associated with more sport practice.Conclusion Despite the low engagement, family nucleus plays an essential role in the sport practice of our sample of Brazilian adolescents

Proportion of subjects that maintained or changed their tertiles of body adiposity during 3 years of follow-up.

<p>Note: TRSF, triceps skinfold; SSSF, subscapular skinfold; ∑SF, sum of skinfolds (TRSF + SSSF). * P < 0.001.</p