10 research outputs found

    Hydatid Cyst of the Adrenal Gland: A Clinical Study of Six Cases

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    Hydatid cyst of the adrenal gland (HCAG) is an exceptional occurrence. We report our experience of six cases of HCAG and discuss the diagnosis and treatment of this hydatid localization. We retrospectively reviewed and analyzed the clinical files of six patients admitted to our institution from January 1990 to December 2000 for HCAG. Patients varied in age from 24—59 years. They were five males and one female. One patient had a history of pulmonary hydatidosis treated surgically 10 years previously. Five patients presented with lumbar pain and one patient had bouts of hypertension, headache, and palpitation. Physical examination was normal except in one patient who was hypertensive. Preoperative diagnosis was highly suggested by ultrasonography. CT scan performed in all cases clearly showed the relationship of the cyst with adjacent organs. Serology tests were positive in two cases. One patient had elevated urine VMA and was operated on with the diagnosis of cystic phaeochromocytoma. All six patients were operated on and had either an adrenalectomy (two cases) or partial pericystectomy (four cases). In one case, partial pericystectomy was conducted through a retroperitoneal laparoscopic approach. The hydatid nature of the cyst was confirmed pathologically. All patients had a smooth postoperative course with no cystic recurrence on follow-up. The diagnosis of HCAG is based mainly on ultrasonography and CT scan. Surgery with either partial or total excision of the cyst, with or without preservation of the adrenal gland, is the treatment of choice

    Retroperitoneal Abscess: A Rare Localization of Tubercular Infection

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    Incidence of tuberculosis infection has considerably increased during the past 20 years due to the HIV pandemic and continues to be one of the most prevalent and deadly infections worldwide. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis lacks specific clinical manifestation and can mimic many diseases. It can invade neighbouring tissue and form a big cyst with manifesting clinical symptoms. We describe a rare case of 31-year-old immunocompetent man affected by a retroperitoneal abscess secondary to tubercular infection. Exploratory laparotomy and histopathological examinations of tissue were required for achieving diagnosis of tuberculosis. No pulmonary or spinal involvement was identified. The patient was successfully treated with standard four-drug antitubercular therapy

    Treatment of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia with AIDA Based Regimen. Update of a Tunisian Single Center Study

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    In Tunisia, the ATRA era began in 1998 with the use, consecutively, of two regimens combining ATRA and an anthracycline with cytarabine (APL93), and without cytarabine (LPA99). From 2004, 51 patients with confirmed APL either by t(15;17) or PML/RARA were treated according to the PETHEMA LPA 99 trial. Forty three patients achieved CR (86%). The remaining seven patients had early death (one died before treatment onset): four caused by differentiation syndrome (DS) and three died from central nervous system hemorrhage. Multivariate analysis revealed that female gender (P=0.045), baseline WBC> 10 G/L (P=0.041) and serum creatinine > 1.4mg/dl (P=0.021) were predictive of mortality during induction. DS was observed in 16 patients (32%) after a median onset time of 15 days from treatment onset (range, 2–29). Body mass index ≄ 30 (P=0.01) remained independent predictor of DS. Occurrence of hypertensive peaks significantly predicted occurrence of DS (P=0.011) and was significantly associated with high BMI (p=0.003). With a median follow-up of 50 months, 5 year cumulative incidence of relapse, event free and overall survival were 4.7%, 74% and 78%, respectively

    Inférence de certificats pour la vérification statique des programmes Java

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    La Sécurité des SystÚmes d'Information est l'un des défis les plus urgents des différents organismes de la société actuelle. Le problÚme de sécurité a émergé du progrÚs technologique rapide qui pousse à l'utilisation des \emph{SystÚmes d'Information}. L'un de ces progrÚs est l'utilisation de code mobile. En effet, pour protéger ses informations critiques d'une éventuelle menace d'un code mobile, un organisme doit chercher des solutions de plus en plus élaborées. Une des approches émergeantes pour aborder ce problÚme est la compilation certifiée. Il s'agit d'une approche statique, basée sur le langage et génÚre en plus du code objet, un certificat constitué des informations relatives aux aspects de sécurité d'un programme. En plus des avantages de l'analyse statique, cette approche fait coopérer le producteur du code et son consommateur. De plus, ce dernier n'a plus à faire confiance au producteur. Dans cette thÚse nous avons appliqué cette approche au langage Java afin de vérifier statiquement la sécurité. En effet, Java couvre une gamme de périphériques, d'ordinateurs et de réseaux grùce à son évolutivité, son efficacité, sa portabilité et sa sécurité. Toutefois, les propriétés de sécurité de haut niveau sont vérifiées dynamiquement dans Java par le vérificateur du \emph{bytecode} et le gestionnaire de sécurité. Nous proposons alors de concevoir et d'implanter un compilateur certificateur pour Java (JACC) afin d'accroßtre la flexibilité, l'efficacité et la robustesse de l'architecture de sécurité de Java. Le certificat que génÚre JACC est vérifié statiquement par le vérificateur de l'architecture JACC. Il est constitué d'annotations qui essaient de reporter et abstraire au mieux le comportement du programme. Les principaux résultats qui nous ont permis d'atteindre ces objectifs sont: \begin{enumerate} \item la définition de la syntaxe et sémantique des annotations du certificat; \item la conception et l'implantation de JACC en partant de Jikes, un compilateur pour le langage Java développé par IBM. Nous avons également pu mener une étude expérimentale pour mesurer la performance de JACC ainsi que la taille des fichiers \emph{.class} générés et nous les avons comparés à Jikes; \item l'élaboration d'un cadre formel pour spécifier le module d'inférence. Cette spécifi\-cation décrit la sémantique opérationnelle de chaque étape d'inférence et ce pour l'ensemble des \emph{opcodes} ainsi qu'un systÚme de types pour les annotations du certificat. \end{enumerate}Information Systems Security is one of the most pressing challenges facing all kind of organizations today. The security problem has raised from rapid technological advances that are stimulating a greater use of \emph{Information Systems} in world-wide organizations. One of these advances is the use of mobile code. Keeping critical information safe from malicious mobile code is challenging. One way to address the security issue for mobile code is using certifying compilation. The certifying compilation is a language-based, static technique used to collect information (certificate) regarding the safety and security of a software. In addition to the advantages of the static analysis, this approach alleviates the burden on the consumer. The other advantage of this approach is to restrict the trust of the consumer to the verifier only. In this thesis we have applied this approach to Java to check safety and security statically. As we know, Java is present in a wide range of devices, computers, and networks due to it's versatility, efficiency, platform portability and security . Nevertheless, high-level security properties are verified by bytecode verifier and security manager at run time. The main objectives of this thesis are the design and the implementation of a Java certifying compiler (JACC) that helps to increase the flexibility, efficiency and robustness of the Java security architecture. Indeed, JACC certificate is verified statically by the JACC verifier to ensure high-level security properties. The certificate is made up of annotations that try to capture the behavior of a software and represent it in an abstract form. This behavior could be critical and aims to threaten the software user. The main research contributions that led to reach these objectives are: \begin{enumerate} \item the definition of the certificate syntax and semantic; \item the design and the implementation of JACC based on Jikes. We have also measured the generated \emph{.class} files sizes and JACC performance and compared them to Jikes; \item the elaboration of a formal framework in which we formally specify the certificate inference. This specification describes the operational semantic of each inference step as long as a type system for the certificate annotations. \end{enumerate

    Étude fonctionnelle du promoteur de BI-1chez les plantes

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    La mort cellulaire programmĂ©e (MCP) est un phĂ©nomĂšne physiologique essentiel constatĂ© chez les organismes vivants. Cette mort peut ĂȘtre induite par plusieurs stimuli comme les stress biotiques, abiotiques ou physiologiques. Une panoplie de molĂ©cules est impliquĂ©e dans la rĂ©ception et la transduction des stimuli ainsi que dans la rĂ©gulation et dans les activitĂ©s associĂ©es Ă  la mort cellulaire. Les rĂ©gulateurs de la MCP chez les plantes sont moins connus que chez les animaux. Des travaux de recherches antĂ©cĂ©dents ont toutefois montrĂ©, chez plusieurs espĂšces vĂ©gĂ©tales, l'existence de la protĂ©ine antiapoptotique BI-1 (abrĂ©viation anglaise pour Bax Inhibitor-1). Cette protĂ©ine inhibe ou restreint la mort cellulaire induite par la protĂ©ine Bax, une protĂ©ine, surtout connue dans le rĂšgne animal pour favoriser le suicide cellulaire. LocalisĂ©e principalement au reticulum endoplasmique (RE), l'action de BI-1 pourrait se situer Ă  ce niveau. Pour vĂ©rifier cette hypothĂšse, nous avons, tout d'abord, identifiĂ© la sĂ©quence ERSE dans le promoteur de BI-1.Cette sĂ©quence, est connue comme Ă©tant un motif prĂ©sent au niveau des promoteurs de plusieurs gĂšnes notamment ceux liĂ©s aux stress du RE avec un rĂŽle important dans l'expression de ces gĂšnes lors d'un stress du RE. Nous avons aussi entrepris des Ă©tudes pour vĂ©rifier l'effet de la tunicamycine (TM), substance inductrice d'un stress du RE, et des UV-C, traitement pour l'expression de BI-1, dans les plantes de tabac et d'Arabidopsis transformĂ©es avec le promoteur intact et le promoteur mutĂ©. La mutation a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©e en supprimant le motif ERSE du promoteur. Les rĂ©sultats montrent l'effet nĂ©faste des traitements sur la croissance et la teneur en chlorophylle d'Arabidopsis et une augmentation du niveau d'expression de BI-1 et d'autres protĂ©ines de rĂ©ponse au stress au niveau des plantes stressĂ©es. Nous avons Ă©galement signalĂ© une diminution de l'activitĂ© du promoteur de BI-1, voire mĂȘme son inexistence en l'absence du motif ERSE. L'ensemble des rĂ©sultats prĂ©sentĂ©s conforte l'hypothĂšse d'une action de BI-1 au sein de la rĂ©ponse au stress du RE

    Whole and Purified Aqueous Extracts of <i>Nigella sativa</i> L. Seeds Attenuate Apoptosis and the Overproduction of Reactive Oxygen Species Triggered by p53 Over-Expression in the Yeast <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>

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    Plants are an important source of pharmacologically active compounds. In the present work, we characterize the impact of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) aqueous extracts on a yeast model of p53-dependent apoptosis. To this end, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae recombinant strain over-expressing p53 was used. The over-expression of p53 triggers the expression of apoptotic markers: the externalization of phosphatidylserine, mitochondrial defect associated with cytochrome-c release and the induction of DNA strand breaks. These different effects were attenuated by Nigella sativa L. aqueous extracts, whereas these extracts have no effect on the level of p53 expression. Thus, we focus on the anti-apoptotic molecules present in the aqueous extract of Nigella sativa L. These extracts were purified and characterized by complementary chromatographic methods. Specific fluorescent probes were used to determine the effect of the extracts on yeast apoptosis. Yeast cells over-expressing p53 decrease in relative size and have lower mitochondrial content. The decrease in cell size was proportional to the decrease in mitochondrial content and of mitochondrial membrane potential (Διm). These effects were prevented by the purified aqueous fraction obtained by fractionation with different columns, named C4 fraction. Yeast cell death was also characterized by reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction. In the presence of the C4 fraction, ROS overproduction was strongly reduced. We also noted that the C4 fraction promotes the cell growth of control yeast cells, which do not express p53, supporting the fact that this purified extract acts on cellular mediators activating cell proliferation independently of p53. Altogether, our data obtained on yeast cells over-expressing p53 demonstrate that anti-apoptotic molecules targeting p53-induced apoptosis associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and ROS overproduction are present in the aqueous extracts of Nigella seeds and in the purified aqueous C4 fraction
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