Angle diversity to increase coverage and position accuracy in 3D visible light positioning

The most common approach to light-based indoor positioning relies on multilateration of received signals to the mobile device. Any deficiencies in the fidelity of these light signals can significantly distort position estimates. In this paper, we propose a method to dynamically control the light distribution from the overhead luminaires to mitigate fading effects that would otherwise occur under static lighting. By manipulating the direction of the luminaire, effectively the dispersion pattern, we introduce signal diversity in the form of multiple pointing angles and light distributions. In addition to providing angle diversity, steering and then tracking sustains the maximal line-of-sight path between a source and receiver, which reduces angle-dependent attenuation and optimizes the signal-to-noise ratio for any coordinate without needing to change the physical properties of the source or receiver. This gain in signal strength combats the limited field-of-view of luminaires and photodiodes to provide better overall coverage, which translates directly to increase positioning accuracy, particularly in a 3D space. In the results, we show field-of-view gains of 43% and improvements in MSE of 20cm.Accepted manuscrip

Social Security Reform: Legal Analysis of Social Security Benefit Entitlement Issues

[Excerpt] Calculations indicating that the current Social Security program will not be financially sustainable in the long run under the present statutory scheme have fueled the current debate regarding Social Security reform. This report addresses selected legal issues that may be raised regarding entitlement to Social Security benefits as Congress considers possible changes to the Social Security program in view of projected long-range shortfalls in the Social Security Trust Funds. Social Security benefits are administered pursuant to Title II of the Social Security Act, known as the Old Age, Survivors and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program. Title II is part of a larger social insurance program in which Congress uses its power to tax and spend for the general welfare to promote the social goals of aiding the aged, survivors of workers, disabled persons, and persons of limited means. Beneficiaries under Title II have a legal entitlement to receive Social Security benefits as set forth by the Social Security Act and as administered by the Social Security Administration (SSA), an independent agency in the executive branch. An individual’s right to Social Security benefits is in a sense “earned,” since there is a general relationship between OASDI benefits and wages earned and the tax paid thereon. However, benefits are not directly measured by the amount of payments made through the years into the system. Thus, the fact that Social Security benefits are financed by taxes on an employee’s wages does not provide a limit on Congress’s power to fix the levels of benefits under the Social Security Act, or the conditions upon which they may be paid

Paediatric neuropsychological assessment: an analysis of parents' perspectives

Purpose: Modern healthcare services are commonly based on shared models of care, in which a strong emphasis is placed upon the views of those in receipt of services. The purpose of this paper is to examine the parents' experiences of their child's neuropsychological assessment. Design/methodology/approach: This was a mixed-methodology study employing both quantitative and qualitative measures. Findings: The questionnaire measure indicated a high overall level of satisfaction. Qualitative analysis of parental interviews provided a richer insight into the parental experience and indicated four major themes. Practical implications: Implications covered three major areas. Firstly, whilst a high value was placed upon the assessment, the need for further comprehensive neurorehabilitation and intervention was highlighted. Secondly, this study highlights the significant adversity experienced by such families and subsequent unmet psychological needs which also require consideration. Finally, findings from the current study could assist in improving future measures of satisfaction in similar services. Originality/value: This is the first published study of parental experiences of and satisfaction with paediatric neuropsychological assessment in the UK. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited

CCi digital futures 2014: the Internet in Australia

This report presents findings from the third survey of the Australian component of the World Internet Project. The survey was conducted in late 2013. This research is a project of the ARC Centre of Excellence for Creative Industries and Innovation at the Swinburne Institute for Social Research, Swinburne University of Technology. This report provides an overview of the study, presenting a broad picture of the Internet in Australia, with comparisons to our earlier 2007, 2009 and 2013 studies, and to the international findings of our partners in the World Internet Project. At the end of each section we have added some further analysis, examining aspects of the Australian data in more detail, and providing some international context using results from the findings of our international research partners. &nbsp

The Zika Virus Threat: How Concerns About Scientists May Undermine Efforts to Combat the Pandemic

Using data from the University of New Hampshire’s October 2016 Granite State Poll, authors Thomas Safford, Lawrence Hamilton, and Emily Whitmore investigate how New Hampshire residents view the Zika crisis. They report that most New Hampshire residents believe Zika is only a minor threat to public health in the United States, and they generally trust the CDC as a source of information about the virus. The data also show that, while there is doubt about the government’s ability to control the spread of the virus, the public feels that emergency federal funding to combat Zika should be a priority. They discuss that many Granite Staters have real concerns about the practice of science, believing scientists change their findings to get the answers they want. More importantly, individuals who questioned the integrity of scientists are less likely to believe Zika is a threat, have confidence in the government’s ability to combat the virus, trust the CDC, and to prioritize emergency funding. They conclude that these results suggest that health officials working to engage the public in efforts to control the spread of Zika must not only discuss risks associated with the virus and mechanisms of transmission, but also confront science skepticism and potential concerns about the integrity of the scientists gathering data related to Zika and other infectious diseases

Children in Research: Should They Be a Part of the Biomedical Research World?

Our children are our future; if this is so, why should they be excluded from important scientific studies which could be aided by their participation? The role of children in society has spanned the full spectrum, ranging from helpless individuals to “little adults,” but what exactly should their role in research participation be? In the past, they have been taken advantage of, used in research that exposed them to unnecessary risks. Prior to 1966, children were frequently research subjects because they were convenient and cheap in the sense that they were non-valued or viewed as expendable commodities (Ross, 2006). The research of the time unfortunately reflected this devalued vision of children

Biological networks and epistasis in genome-wide association studies

Over the last few years, technological improvements have made possible the genotyping of hundreds of thousands of SNPs, enabling whole-genome association studies. The first genome-wide association studies have recently been completed to detect causal variant for complex traits. Although increasing evidence suggests that interaction between loci, such as epistasis between two loci, should be considered, most of these studies proceed by considering each SNP independently. One reason for this choice is that looking at all pairs of SNPs increases dramatically the number of tests (approximatively 50 billions of tests for a 300,000 SNPs data set) that faces with computational limitation and strong multiple testing correction.
We proposed to reduce the number of tests by focusing on pairs of SNPs that belong to genes known to interact in some metabolic network. Although some interactions might be missed, these pairs of genes are good candidates for epistasis. Furthermore the use of protein interaction databases (such as the STRING database) may reduce the number of tests by a factor of 5,000.
Results using this approach will be presented on simulated data sets and on public data sets.
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